This paper points out that sunshine purchase, reasonable utilization and scientific management be involved in the management of medical equipment.

There are lack of specific treatment for diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN)right now.However, TCM intervention highlights the distinct advantage for the disease.Modified Huangqi-Guizhiwuwu Tang is one of the important recipes for that.But there are no uniform standards curative effect evaluation for it, and some clinical trials do not have some new evaluation standards.We summary the clinical research literatures in recent years and analyze the existing problems, therefore, provide new recommendations as views for medical researchers in the design of clinical trials.

OBJECTIVEThe aim of the present study was designed to explore the effect of (+/-) -3-n-butylphthalide (NBP) on ATPase, anti-oxidant enzymes activities and lipid peroxidation of mitochondria and cerebral cortex in rats subjected to 24 hours of reperfusion following 2 hours of cerebral ischemia (tMCAO).

METHODSActivities of SOD (Superoxide Dismutase), GSH-Px (glutathione Peroxidase,) and CAT (Catalase), and MDA level of mitochondria or cortex were measured by using biochemical methods in tMCAO rats.

RESULTS(1) The activities of mitochondrial Na+K(+)-ATPase, Ca(2+)-ATPase and Mg2+ ATPase were found to decrease significantly in the vehicle group (ischemia + saline). Pre-treatment with NBP (5, 10, 20 mg/kg, i.p.) 10 min before tMCAO markedly enhanced the activities of Na+K(+)-ATPase and Ca(2+)-ATPase, compared with vehicle group. (2) The activities of SOD and mitochondrial GSH-Px were decreased and MDA level increased in vehicle groups as compared with that in sham group (non-ischemia + saline). NBP (20 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly enhanced total mitochondrial SOD activity, and also enhanced cerebral cortex total SOD activity (in 5, 10, 20 mg/kg groups). However, it had no obvious effect on CuZn-SOD activity. NBP (20 mg/kg i.p.) markedly increased mitochondrial (but not in cerebral cortex) GSH-Px activity; NBP 10, 20 mg/kg markedly decreased mitochondrial MDA level compared with that in vehicle group (P < 0.05). (3) The action of raceme NBP on the increase of the activities of ATPase and antioxidative enzymes seemed to be beneficial than that of (-) -NBP or (+) NBP.

CONCLUSIONThe results suggest that NBP improves energy pump and subsides oxidative injury which may contribute to its anti-neuronal apoptotic effect.

Adenosine Triphosphatases ; metabolism ; Animals ; Benzofurans ; pharmacology ; Cerebral Cortex ; enzymology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Glutathione Peroxidase ; metabolism ; Ischemic Attack, Transient ; enzymology ; Lipid Peroxidation ; Male ; Mitochondria ; enzymology ; Neuroprotective Agents ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Reperfusion Injury ; enzymology ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo establish a novel suspension microarray technology for the detection of three kinds of veterinary drug residues: chloramphenicol, clenbuterol and 17-beta-estradiol (CAP, CL and E2).

METHODSThe three conjugates that veterinary drug coupled with bovine serum albumin (BSA) were synthesized and identified by ultraviolet (UV) spectrophotometry and mass spectrum. The veterinary drug conjugates were immobilized on the polystyrene fluorescent microspheres/beads. There were competitive reactions between the veterinary drugs in the aqueous phase and that on the beads for combination with their specific biotinylated monoclonal antibodies. The optimum amount of the veterinary drug conjugates and the antibodies were optimized and selected. The detective standard curves were plotted. The specificity and the unknown samples were also determined by grouping according to different concentrations of the interferes and the samples. Meantime, the different microstructures of the surfaces of the beads were also observed by scanning electron microscope.

RESULTSCouplings were completed between small molecular veterinary drugs and BSA. The amounts of the three conjugates and the antibodies were optimized. The detective standard curves of the suspension array and their corresponding coefficients of determination (R2) were good (R2 > 0.99). The detection ranges of the three veterinary drugs were (40.00 - 6.25) x 10(5) ng/L, (50.00-7.81) x 10(5) ng/L and 1.00 x 10(3) - 7.29 x 10(5) ng/L respectively. Simultaneously, the specific detection of the suspension microarray was excellent and did not indicate significant cross-reactions. Errors between the found and the real are in the range of 8.09% - 17.03%. It can be considered that the relative standard deviations were relatively small. Successful couplings were also directly confirmed by the observation for microstructures of the surfaces of the beads by scanning of electron microscope and laid good foundation for the following responses.

CONCLUSIONThe high-throughput suspension microarray should provide a novel method for multi-analysis of the veterinary drugs and have a wide applicative prospects with simple operation, sensitive, rapid and low cost.

Chloramphenicol ; analysis ; Clenbuterol ; analysis ; Drug Residues ; analysis ; Estradiol ; analysis ; Microarray Analysis ; methods ; Veterinary Drugs ; analysis

BACKGROUNDIt remains a challenge to inhibit the local recurrence or distant metastasis of localized or locally advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) after surgical resection. We investigated the feasibility, safety and efficacy of immunotherapy using autologous tumor lysate (TL)-pulsed dendritic cells (DCs) and cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells in patients with localized or locally advanced RCC.

METHODSFrom January 2001 to July 2009, we collected 137 patients that met the selection criteria and randomly divided them into three groups. After surgery, immunotherapy with TL-pulsed DCs-CIK cells (DC-CIK group) and interferon (IFN)-α (IFN-α group) was performed in 46 patients, respectively. The other 45 patients received no postoperative adjuvant therapy (the control group). The changes in the numbers of T lymphocyte subsets, including CD4(+)CD25(high) regulatory T cells (Treg), were determined before the operation and after immunotherapy. The overall survival was compared among the three groups.

RESULTSAn increase of the CD4(+)/CD8(+) ratio and a decrease of CD4(+)CD25(high) cells were observed after TL-pulsed DC-CIK cells or IFN-a immunotherapy. All patients tolerated the TL-pulsed DC-CIK cells immunotherapy very well, and side effects in the DC-CIK group were less than in the IFN-α group. The metastasis and recurrence rates were significantly decreased after TL-pulsed DC-CIK cells or IFN-α immunotherapy compared with the control group (P < 0.01). The Log-rank test showed that the overall survival rates were significantly higher in the DC-CIK group and IFN-α group than that in the control group (P < 0.01), but there was no difference between the DC-CIK group and IFN-α group (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONPostoperative immunotherapy with TL-pulsed DC-CIK cells may prevent recurrence/metastasis and increase the overall survival rate after surgery in localized or locally advanced RCC.

Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; immunology ; mortality ; therapy ; Cytokine-Induced Killer Cells ; immunology ; Dendritic Cells ; immunology ; Female ; Humans ; Immunotherapy ; Kidney Neoplasms ; immunology ; mortality ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets ; immunology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the best dose and the long-term effect of the human insulin-like growth factor-1 (hIGF-1) gene injection into the penis of aged rats.

METHODSIncluded in this study were 10 young (4 months old) and 40 aged (24 months old) Sprague-Dawley male rats, the latter equally divided into a PBS control and a 10 microg, a 100 microg and a 1 000 microg hIGF-1 injection group. Electrical stimulation was conducted 4 and 8 weeks after hIGF-1 injection into the penile corpus cavernous of the rats to detect the intracavernous pressure (ICP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP). Dose - and time -associated therapeutic results were analyzed and the mRNA expression of hIGF-1 determined by RT - PCR.

RESULTSICP, MAP and total ICP were significant decreased by electrical stimulation in the aged rats as compared with the young ones (P < 0.05), statistically increased in the three hIGF-1 dose groups in comparison with the PBS controls (P < 0.05), and showed no obvious difference between the young rats and the latter two dose groups at 4 and 8 weeks. Although less obvious effect was achieved in the 10 microg group than in the young rats, the therapeutic result was still of significance. The mRNA expression of the hIGF-1 gene was confirmed in all the hIGF-1 treated rats.

CONCLUSIONThe hIGF-1 therapy can improve erectile function in aged rats, 100 microg suffices for effective erection and the effect may last at least 8 weeks for a single dose.

Aging ; physiology ; Animals ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Erectile Dysfunction ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Genetic Therapy ; methods ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; genetics ; physiology ; Male ; Penis ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Plasmids ; administration & dosage ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Time Factors

Objective:To study the effect of CAPOX regimen and SOX regimen in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer.Methods:140 patients with advanced gastric cancer who received chemotherapy from January 2010 to June 2011 in the hospital were enrolled in this study.The patients were divided into observation group (CAPOX regimen) 72 cases and control group(SOX regimen) 68 cases according to the different chemotherapy protocols,two groups were treated with central venous catheter,and in the course of chemotherapy for the given antiemetic,hepatoprotective and Acid suppression related drugs.The observation group was treated with CAPOX regimen,and the control group was treated with SOX regimen,and the 21d was used as the 1 chemotherapy cycle,and the effect was evaluated after 2 cycles of chemotherapy.Results:The effective rate of observation group was 33.33％ (24/72),compared with the control group of 33.82％(23/68),the difference was not statistically significant (P＞0.05).The incidence of hand foot syndrome in the observation group was 16.67％ (12/72),was significantly higher than the control group of 2.94％(2/68),the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The total incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was 58.33％ (42/72),compared with the control group of 57.35％(39/68),the difference was not statistically significant(P＞0.05).The 1 to 5 year survival rate of the observation group compared with the control group was not statistically significant(P＞0.05).The two groups before and after treatment of CD3+,CD3+CD4+ and CD3+/CD8+ compared,the difference was not statistically significant (P＞0.05).Conclusion:Using CAPOX scheme and the SOX regimen can be better in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer,curative effect and short and long term survival rate was almost equal and influence of immune function of patients with no significant difference,but CAPOX scheme may exist higher hand foot syndrome probability,it is worth clinical optic.

Objective The loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) is a major option for the treatment of cervical in-traepithelial neoplastic (CIN) lesions,but reports are rarely seen on the consistency of the result of post-LEEP pathology with that of preoperative biopsy as well as on the postoperative pathological upgrading of related factors. This study analyzes the consistency of the result of preoperative biopsy with that of post-LEEP pathology for CIN lesions and the risk factors for residual and/or recurrence after LEEP. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 1 089 patients with CIN lesions treated by LEEP in our hospital from May 2014 to A-pril 2017. All the patients underwent liquid-based thin-layer cytology (TCT) and vaginoscopic biopsy preoperatively,followed by analysis of the results of TCT,the consistency of the result of preoperative bi-opsy with that of post-LEEP pathology,and the risk factors for residu- al and/or recurrence after LEEP. Results Preoperative biopsy showed 447 cases of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL),among which TCT revealed 85 cases negative for intraepithelial lesion and malignancy (NILM),with a false negative rate of LSIL of 19.0%. Of the 645 cases of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) revealed by preoperative biopsy,TCT manifes-ted 95 cases of NILM,with a false negative rate of HSIL of 14.7%,which was significantly lower than that of LSIL (P<0.05). Preop-erative biopsy showed 447 cases of LSIL,among which post-LEEP pathology manifested 316 cases of LSIL (70.69%) and 51 cases of HSIL (11.4%). Of the 635 cases of HSIL revealed by preoperative biopsy,post-LEEP pathology exhibited 4 cases (0.63%) of inva-sive cervical cancer (ICC). Multivariate analysis showed the risk factors for pathological upgrading after LEEP were sexual partners >2 (OR=0.139,95% CI: 0.034-0.561) and LSIL in TCT (OR=0.111,95% CI: 0.040-0.310) (P<0.05) and those for postopera-tive recurrence included positive incision margin (OR=2.970,95% CI: 1.010-8.733) and persistent human papilloma virus (HPV) infection (OR=5.446,95% CI: 3.109-9.540). Preoperative HPV16 infection was correlated with lesion residual and/or recurrence after LEEP (P<0.05). Conclusion LEEP can significantly improve the diagnosis rate of HSIL in low-grade CIN patients with high risk factors. The risk factors for lesion residual and/or recurrence after LEEP include HPV16 infection,lesion involvement of the inci-sion margin,and persistent HPV infection.

Objective To examine the mortality and risk factors among HIV-infected patients during 1989-2011 in Dehong prefecture,Yunnan province.Methods All HIV-infected patients reported during 1989-2011 in Dehong prefecture who held local residency were included in the study.Mortality rates and cumulative survival rates were calculated.Multiple regression analysis under Cox proportional hazard model was conducted to examine the risk factors for deaths.Results A total of 13 006 HIV-infected patients were included in this study including 73.2％ males,79.1％ peasants and 48.7％ married at the time of reporting.64.5％ of the patients were ethnic minorities,and 68.7％ were illiterate or having received only primary school education.All the patients were followed-up for a total of 55 962.30 person-years with 4648 patients died,with overall mortality rate as 8.31/100person-years.The mortality rate had been increasing from 1990 to 2004 but decreasing since 2005.The average survival time since the identification of HIV infection was 9.48 years overall,and was 16.65 years for those having received antiretroviral treatment (ART) and 7.67 years for those without ART.Data from multiple regression analysis indicated that ART and socio-demographic characteristics such as age,gender,ethnicity,occupation,marital status,education background etc.were significantly associated with death among HIV-infected patients.Conclusion The comprehensive AIDS campaigns including ART had significantly reduced the deaths among HIV-infected patients in Dehong prefecture.More efforts on the scaling up program of ART as well as the enhanced management and follow-up program tailored for HIV-infected patients with different sociodemographic characteristics were needed to further reduce the deaths in the area.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; China ; epidemiology ; Community-Acquired Infections ; epidemiology ; microbiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma ; epidemiology ; Young Adult