Hyperhomocysteinemia is one of the independent risk factors of cerebrovascular diseases. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T gene mutation often results in the increase of plasma homocysteine levels, but the relationship between the genetic polymorphism of MTHFR and cerebrovascular diseases is not significant.

Objective To study the effects of various media, salt intensity, and organic components on the growth of Salvia miltiorrhiza adventitious roots and the synthesis of tanshinone ⅡA and protoca-techuic aldehyde. MethodsThe adventitious roots were obtained through tissue culture by manipulation of various media, salt intensity, and organic components and the contents of tanshinone ⅡA and protocatechuic aldehyde were determined by HPLC. ResultsThe effect of media MS, LS, B5, White, and SH on adventitious roots of S. miltiorrhiza was observed. Adventitious roots grew better under high salt intensity while secondary metabolite biosynthesis was accelerated under low salt intensity in MS basal medium.The reciprocity of five organic components had significant effect on root growth; glycin favored the synthesis of tanshinone ⅡA; scarcity of one of inosital, glycin, VB1, and VB6 inhibited the synthesis of protocatechuic aldehyde. ConclusionMS Basal medium is used for adventitious root culture. The results show that salt intensity and organic components have significant effects on adventitious root culture of S. miltiorrhiza and secondary melabolite synthesis.

Objective To study the effects of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphate sources on the growth of Salvia miltiorrhiza adventitious roots and the contents of tanshinone ⅡA and protocatechuic aldehyde. Methods The adventitious roots were obtained through tissue culture by manipulation of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphate sources and the contents of tanshinone ⅡA and protocatechuic aldehyde were determined by HPLC. Results Carbon, nitrogen, and phosphate sources were necessary for the culture of S. miltiorrhiza adventitious roots. The highest times of root multiplication were achieved at sucrose level of 30 g/L after 20 d culture, 60 g/L sucrose and low level sucrose were favorable for biosyntheses of tanshinone ⅡA and protocatechuic aldehyde, respectively. The highest root yield and tanshinone ⅡA content on day 25 were obtained by intermittent sugar adding during cultivation, and the production of adventitious roots and tanshinone ⅡA were 2.3-and 2.4-fold compared with those of control, respectively. The maximum root growth rate, contents of tanshinone ⅡA and protocatechuic aldehyde were achieved while NH4+-NO3-was 1∶4, 1∶4, and 1∶1, respectively when concentration of total nitrogen source was kept at 60 mmol/L. To compare with the control group, changing of KH2PO4 concentration could favor for the adventilious root growth, but high KH2PO4 concentration inhibited tanshinone ⅡA biosynthesis. ConclusionThe results show that various carbon, nitrogen, and phosphate sources have the significant effects on adventitious root culture of S. miltiorrhiza. The best carbon source and its concentration, nitrogen and phosphate sources for the growth of S. miltiorrhiza adventitious root and the synthesis of secondary metabolite are confirmed.

With the development of life science and medical technology,myocardial fibrosis is being increasingly recognized as a new therapeutic target for heart diseases.However,traditional methods for detection of myocardial fibrosis,such as myocardial biopsy and laboratory assay of serum metabolites or enzymes,are not satisfactory in meeting the clinical demands because of their intrinsic limitations.Molecular imaging may non-invasively and quantitatively evaluate the presence/absence,degree and turnover of myocardial fibrosis in vivo with good specificity,thus being useful for clinical assessment and intervention.Currently,the commonly used molecular imaging modalities for evaluation of myocardial fibrosis include SPECT,PET and MRI.It is hopeful that the molecular probe for targeted ultrasound technology may also be developed in the near future.This review highlights the current status and future trends of molecular imaging in myocardial fibrosis.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the hand hygiene situation of medical staff in order to carry out supervising and monitoring on their hand hygiene pertinently.METHODS The hand hygiene monitoring data from Jan 2004 to Dec 2007 were retrospectively analyzed.RESULTS The total qualified rate of medical staff hand hygiene was 91.4%;the qualified rate of hand hygiene monitoring for doctors was 89.8%,and it was 96.7% for nurses;the qualified rate of medical staff working in the type-Ⅱenvironment was 93.6%,and the qualified rate of those working in the type-Ⅲ environment was 95.2%;for medical students and refresher doctors,it was 81.0 %.CONCLUSIONS The medical staff still lack the knowledge on hands' cleanliness and disinfection.The supervisors should strengthen monitoring on hand hygiene;some new regulations should be established and practiced,and the hand washing equipments should be updated;the medical staff's compliance of hand hygiene should be improved,and their conceptions of hand hygiene should be strengthened;all-sided originalities on hand hygiene should be carried out in order to reduce the occurring of hospital infections.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of serum miR-21 andCA199 for pancreatic cancer,and aim to provide a potential diagnostic method for the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer in clinical practice.Methods Detect the levels of CA199 and the relative expression of miR-21 in 134 pancreatic cancer patients,97 benign pancreatic disease patients and 106 healthy subjects from January 2014 to December 2015 in Clinical Laboratory of 263 Clinical Department of Army General Hospital,Evaluate the diagnostic value of single and combined detection of CA199 for pancreatic cancer.The diagnostic values were evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curve,sensitivity and specificity.The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was compared by the z-score test.Results Compared with healthy control group,CA199 and miR-21 in benign pancreatic disease group and pancreatic cancer group showed significantly increased.Compared with benign pancreatic disease group,CA199 and miR-21 alsoshowed significantly increased in pancreatic cancer group.For discriminating the healthy control group and pancreatic cancer group,the sensitivity and specificity were 77.61％and 69.81％respectively when combination CA199 and miR-21.The AUC of combination CA199 and miR-21 was0.85,it showed significantly higher when compared with CA199 and miR-21 alone(P=0.021,P=0.036).For discriminating the benign pancreatic disease group and pancreatic cancer group,the sensitivity and specificity were 69.40％and 65.98％respectively when combination CA199 and miR-21.The AUC of combination CA199 and miR-21 was 0.78,it showed significantly higher when compared with CA199 and miR-21 alone(P=0.017,P=0.023).Conclusions miR-21 showed certain diagnostic value for pancreatic cancer.Combined with CA199,miR-21 may provide a potential assistant diagnostic method for the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.

Denture stomatitis is one of the most common problems appearing after patients wearing removable dentures,which appears more frequently in maxillary complete dentures. The clinical symptom is that the mucosa of the stress-bearing area of denture base broadly gets red,and forms the boundary diffusion erythema. Sometimes when the surface of denture base and the mucosa of stress-bearing area are not close well,some granules will be found at the surface of the erythema. With the world's gradually stepping into the aging society,the number of people who have to wear removable dentures is increasing,because dentition defect or edentulous affected by any reasons. As a result,how to solve the secondary disease such as denture stomatitis is becoming a hot spot which more and more researchers concern about. This paper summaries the development of prevention of denture stomatitis in prosthetic area via selection of base materials,manufacture of denture,sterilization of denture,and improvement of base.

Objective To explore the related factors for improving the effect of the staged bilateral multi-targets pallidotomy and thalamotomy on Parkinson's disease.Methods 387 patients were divided into different groups according to various factors,including the age of patient,operation method,interval of radiofrequency and the diameter of electrode. The relationship between the above mentioned factors and the effect or complication was analyzed.Results All the symptoms of PD were significantly improved after second operation in the near future. Staged bilateral pallidotomy was the most popular operation way in clinical practicing. The incidence of complication of staged bilateral thalamotomy was high (100%). The rate of complication in the patients over 55 years old (29.70%) was higher than that in the patients not more than 55 years old (12.66%)( P

Multiple myeloma is a more common malignant disease in blood medicine,which is characterized by hyper-proliferation and accumulation of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow,resulting in a large number of monoclonal immunoglobulins and their fragments,leading to damage to the terminal organs.Of which about 80％ of patients have multiple myeloma bone diseases (MBD),which seriously affected the quality of life and prognosis of patients.We have found that the main cause of MBD are contributed to inhibition of osteoblasts,activation of osteoclast and affecting the occurrence by a variety of cytokines and pathways.This article will review and introduce the occurrence and development of MBD related to the latest factors and treatment.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value and clinical significance of preoperative staging in gastric cancer with induced pneumoperitoneum in spiral CT (SCTPP). Methods Both routine SCT and SCTPP were performed in 52 lean patients suffered from gastric cancers, and comparison was made between SCT findings and surgical and histopathologic findings. Results The accuracy of routine SCT and SCTPP in determining the T-staging was 72% and 96%, respectively (?2=8.0, P0.05). The sensitivity in determining M-staging was 61% and 100%, respectively (?2=0.04, P