Objective To study the cytochemical changes of hepatocytes in mice exposed to hypoxia. Methods The mice were divided into two groups(n=45, all males, hypoxia group=36, control group=9). The mice of the hypoxia group lived in hypoxia (O 2:10%). Using imaging analytical instrument LEICA-500IW, We observed cytochemical changes of the hepatocytes. The PAS, LDH, cytochrome oxidase, Mg 2+ dependent ATPase activity of hepatocytes was assayed. Results Compared with the controls, the LDH activity of hepatocytes increased dramatically, the longer the hypoxic time, the higher the LDH activity of the hepatocytes; the cytochrome oxidase activity of hepatocytes decreased sharply, the longer the hypoxic time, the lower the cytochrome oxidase activity of the hepotocytes.Conclusion Hypoxia can injury the hepatocytes of the mice and result in sharp changes of the hepatic cytochemistry.;

Star-shaped block polymers have recently attracted considerable attention owing to their unique properties and applicability in nanomedicine development.Compare to linear polymer and hyper-branched polymers,star-shaped block polymers have more advantages due to the unique structure.Star-shaped block polymer has become a desirable molecular biomaterial for delivery therapeutics and diagnostic agent to the diseased cells.This paper reviews the research about star-shaped block polymers and nanomedicine development in using them as drug and gene delivery carriers.

Objective To detect specific IgM of Lyme disease indirect ELISA using recombinant outer surface protein C(OpsC)of Borrelia burgdorferi in vitro was established. Methods Coated concentration of recombinant OspC and dilution multiple of serum anol concentration of enzyme secondary antibody were determined by block,and degree of percision.specificity interference and interruption test were performed. Results Best concentration of OspC was 150 μg/L.within-run CV was 6.3% between-run CV was 11.8%.Confimred 33 Lyme patients in clinic and 57 controls were examined meanwhile by this method and import ELISA kit,coincidena rate was 97.8%.Conclusion This ELISA using recombinant OspC was a good method for early diagnostic of Lyme disease.

Objective To investigate the regular,variant and parasitic arterial blood supply in liver cancer,so as to improve the effects of treatment on liver cancer by TACE.Methods 52 liver cancer focus confirmed by pathology and imaging were retrospectively analysed First,the routine DSA was performed,if following conditions including no tumor staining or no vessel area within tumor on arterial phase and filling defect within tumor on parenchyma phase were presented,then DSA via superior mesenteric artery,left gastric artery,inferior phrenic artery,right adrenal artery,internal thoracic artery and intercostal artery were perfomed again.Results 39 focus with regular arterial blood supply(75%),13 focus with variant (25%) and 11 focus with parasitic arterial blood supply (21%) are observed .Conclusion The liver cancer focuses are mainly fed by the regular arterial blood supply of liver artery ,but still 25% are by variant arterial blood supply.The chemoembolization for liver cancer through regular ,variant and parasitic arterial blood supply can improve the therapeutic effect.

Objective:To investigate changes in the circum-maxillary sutures during alternate maxillary expansions and constrictions in a rat model.Methods:Twenty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats (6 weeks old)were used and divided into three groups.In maxillary expansion (ME)group (n=9),an expander was activated for 5 d,and then sacrificed.In alternate maxillary expansions and constrictions (Alt-MEC) group (9 animals),an alternate expansion and constriction protocol (5 d expansion and 5 d constriction for one cycle)was conducted for 2.5 cycles (25 d total),and then sacrificed.The control group com-prised 4 animals with no appliances used,each of two sacrificed on day 5 and day 25 ,respectively.Cir-cum-maxillary sutures (mid-palatal,maxillopalatine,premaxillary,zygomaticotemporal,and frontonasal suture)in each group were characterized histologically.Results:Histological findings of circum-maxil-lary sutures:in control group,the normal sutures were divided into 5 zones,the center was polygon mesenchyme zone,the lateral was mature chondrocyte zone,the next lateral was bone tissue.In ME group,the mid-palatal suture was expanded after ME,the fibre and connective tissue were extracted and invaded into cartilage zone.Osteoblast hyperplasia and new bone formation occurred.The orientation of the new bone trabecula was consistent with force.The osteoclast appeared in some area.Findings of other sutures were similar with those of control group,osteogenesis was active in some area without obvious re-construction in Alt-MEC group,mid-palatal suture and other sutures in some area were widened after Alt-MEC with much more osteoblast hyperplasia and new bone formation.Fibre and connective tissue were extracted,distorted or even broken.Sutures in some areas were narrowed with osteoblast cytopenia and osteoclast hyperplasia.Fibre and connective tissue compressed because of the different force and orienta-tion.Osteoclast count results showed that compared with the control group,the number of the osteoclast was increased only in the palatal suture in ME group (P<0.05 ).Other sutures did not show obvious changes (P>0.05).In Alt-MEC group,the numbers of the osteoclast in circum-maxillary sutures were the most,and had statistical significances (P<0.05 ).Conclusion:These results suggested that cir-cum-maxillary sutures were actively reconstructed after Alt-MEC.while only midpalatal suture had active reaction after ME.

Objective To evaluate the effects of inhaled aerosolized different doses of lidocaine on lung injury in patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement under cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).Methods Thirty ASA physical status Ⅱ or Ⅲ patients of both sexes,aged 18-58 yr,weighing 35-70 kg,undergoing elective cardiac valve replacement with CPB,were randomly divided into 3 groups (n =10 each) using a random number table:control group (group C),lidocaine 100 mg group (group L1) and lidocaine 200 mg group (group L2).Anesthesia was induced with iv injection of midazolam,etomidate,fentanyl and vecuronium.The patients were endotracheally intubated and mechanically ventilated.The aemsolized normal saline 10 ml,2％ lidocaine 5 ml + saline 5 ml and 2％ lidocaine 10 ml were inhaled in C,L1 and L2 groups,respectively,starting from 10 min after induction.At 10 min after induction (T0),1 and 10 min after opening of vena cava (T1,2),and the end of CPB (T3),blood samples were collected from the left radial artery (LRA) and right atrium (RA) for determination of plasma interleukin8 (IL-8),tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations (using ELISA) and the expression of CD11 b on polymorphonuclear leukocytes (by flow cytometry).Blood samples were collected from the left radial artery at T0,immediately after beginning of CPB,at T3 and at 2 and 6 h after termination of CPB for blood gas analysis.The oxygenation index (OI),respiratory index (RI) and dynamic lung compliance (Cdyn) were calculated.Results Compared with group C,the ratio between IL-8 concentration in LRA and in RA (concentration of IL-8LRA/RA) was significantly decreased at T2,3,the concentration of MDALRA/RA was decreased at T3 (P ＜ 0.05),no significant change was found in the expression of CD11bLRA/RA at each time point (P ＞ 0.05),and RI was decreased at T3 in L1 and L2 groups (P ＜ 0.05).There were no significant differences in the concentration of IL-8LRA/RA,TNF-αLRA/RA and MDALRA/RA,expression of CD11bLR A/RA,RI,OI and Cdyn at each time point between group L2 and group L1 (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Aerosolized lidocaine inhalation can attenuate lung injury and improve lung function in patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement under CPB by reducing inflammatory responses and lipid peroxidation in lung tissues.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of arterial embolization in the therapy of benign prostatic hyperplasia(BHP).Methods After super-selective arterial contrast medium administration and comfirmation of prostate blood-supply artery,polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)and gelfoam were injected via the arterial catheter in 12 patients diagnosed as BHP.Pre-and post-operative I-PSS,quality of life(QOL),maximum urine flow rate(Qmax),and residual urine(RU)were compared.At the same time,the changes of prostate volume and blood supply were evaluated by endorectal ultrasound and CT.The change of urethral diameter was also evaluated by urethral contrast medium.Results A total of 21 prostate blood-supply arteries were embolized,including 5 internal iliac arteries,9 inferior vesical arteries,5 internal pudendal arteries,and 2 obturator arteries.Bilateral arterial embolization was performed in 9 patients and unilateral embolization was performed in 3 patients.The post-operative I-PSS(4.8),QOL(1.3),Qmax(18.9 ml/s),and RU(3 ml)were obviously improved compared with those of pre-operation(24.2,4.8,9.6 ml/s,and 138 ml).The prostate blood supply was obviously decreased and the maximum speed of blood stream was slackened from(19.3?9.8)cm/s to(10.0?8.9)cm/s.The prostate volume decreased from pre-operative 127.6 ml to post-operative 65.1 ml.The reduction rate was 51%.Conclusion The arterial embolization in the therapy of BHP was a new method.It had some advantages,such as less injury,higher efficacy,better safety and fewer complications.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy of short-segment transpedicular fixation combined with augmentation vertebroplasty in treatment of thoracolumbar burst fractures. MethodsFrom November 2006 to September 2009, 37 patients with thoracolumbar burst fracture were admitted and received transpedicular fixation combined with calcium sulfate cement augmentation vertebroplasty, and the clinical data including fracture types, complications and following-up results were collected for analysis. The multimethod evaluation strategies involved the anterior vertebral body height, the sagittal Cobb's angle, the restoration of nervous function, internal fixation failure, visual analogue scale (VAS) and Oswestry disability index (ODI) were retrospective analyzed. Results All patients were followed up for average 19 months (range, 14-37). There were no internal fixation failure, loss of reduction, neurological complications in all the patients. In 16 patients with partial neurologic deficits, 14 initially improved at the final follow-up, with no deterioration of neurologic functions. The mean time of calcium sulfate cement obvious absorption and union was 3 months and 5 months postoperatively, respectively. The anterior vertebral body height was 55.40％before surgery and 85.46％ after surgery on average, ended up with 82.35％. The sagittai Cobb's angle was improved from 22.45° to 6.86°, ended up with 9.66° on average. The mean VAS and ODI at the final followup were respectively 1.2 and 20.4 on average. ConclusionShort-segment transpedicular fixation combined with augmentation vertebroplasty appears to be effective in achieving stable biomechanics with high security,which seems to be a feasible option in the management of thoracolumbar burst fractures.

BACKGROUND: Ankle fracture combined with deltoid ligament rupture and distal tibiofibular syndesmosis injury occurs occasionally. Its treatment with distal tibiofibular syndesmosis screw fixation or deltoid ligament repair remains controversial. The former appears with poor reduction, broken nails, secondary surgery and other problems.OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical effectiveness of suture anchor repair for ankle fracture combined with deltoid ligament injury.METHODS: Twelve patients with ankle fracture combined with deltoid ligament injury were selected from the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine between January 2013 and December 2015. All patients were treated with open reduction, internal fixation, and anchor repair, but without distal tibiofibular syndesmosis screw fixation. The curative efficacy and joint stability were observed.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) All patients were followed-up for more than 12 months. (2) The modified Baird-Jackson scoring system showed excellent in nine cases, good in two cases, average in one case, poor in none case, and the excellent and good rate was 92%. (3) At 1 year after internal fixation, the X-ray examination showed the malleolus gap and talus slope angle of the affect side were (3.47±0.12) mm and (0.45±0.18)°, and the malleolus gap and talus slope angle of the healthy side were (3.44±0.05) mm and (0.43±0.14)°, and there was no significant difference between two sides (P > 0.05). (4) These results indicate that the suture anchor can repair the anatomy and biomechanics of deltoid ligament with stable ankle joint, and secondary surgery is unnecessary.

Objective To analyze the complexity of molecular structure in porcine T cell receptor gene and its similarity compared to humans.Method Based on the gene of porcine T cell receptor alpha chain ( TCRα) from the Gen-Bank database, 93 swine T cell receptor alpha chain genes ( STA) were cloned by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) from porcine peripheral blood lymphocytes, lymph nodes and spleen.Result Sequence analysis showed that STA genes all contain a domain of variable signal peptide and V, hypervariable J and conservative C.Howev-er, nucleotide sequence of STA was not completely identical with only 68.4%to 98.7%homology among genes, and had extremely sophisticated polymorphism and diversity.This was accord with the genetic structure of TCRαchain.Molecular structure, genetic evolution and classification of these genes were carried out according to the homology of TCRαgene, which all have several sites and zones of mutation on the domain of signal peptide, FR1 and CDR1, FR2 and CDR2, FR3 and CDR3.Analysis of similarity and classification of TCRαV domain(STAV)and J domain (STAJ) of Hezuo minipig u-sing IMGT/V-QUEST tools compared with those of humans found the genetic evolution relationship that was closer, and each of TRAV and TRAJ also found to have a corresponding fragment of humans, ever in 92% of similarity of TRAV be-tween swine and humans.Conclusion Our results indicate that inbred Hezuo minipig possesses genetic diversity against complicated environment of microbes in healthy status, and Hezuo minipig is suitable as an animal model for research on human immunology and diseases.