Objective:To observe the effect of Pihui Sachet on influenza A and B virus.Methods:The Pihui Sachet and mice were put in the same sealed container,four days later,the mice were infected with influenza A and B virus,the survival rate and lung index of the mice were compared.Results:The Pihui Sachet could alleviate the pulmonary disease,decrease the lung index,reduce the death rate,prolong survival days of the mice infected with influenza A and B virus.Conclusion:The Pihui Sachet had antiviral effect on the influenza A and B virus.

[Summary] A 61-year-old female patient was diagnosed as ACTH independent Cushing′ syndrome, right adrenal adenoma, right facial infection. The situation was well controlled with antibacterial agents, abscess incision drainage and ketoconazole therapy. The patient received partial adrenolectomy of her right adrenal gland 16 months later. This case indicated that anti-adrenal agents could be a reasonable choice when the Cushing′syndrome patients were acompanied with severe infection.

Objective To examine the distribution and expression of dentin matrix protein1 ( DMP1 ) in the condylar cartilage and subchondral bone of osteoporosis rats. Methods Female Sprague-Dawley rats aged 6 months (n=30)wererandomlydividedinto3groups. TheShamgroupunderwentshamoperationonly(n=10),theOVX group ( n = 10 ) received a bilateral ovariectomy first and then saline solution treatment subcutaneously for 3 months. The RIS group ( n=10 ) also received a bilateral ovariectomy and then with risedronate treatment ( 2. 4μg/kg) subcutaneously for 3 months. Three months after the operation, the animals were sacrificed. Toluidine blue staining showed the structure changes of rat condylar cartilage region. The changes of osteoclasts in the bony subcondylar region were evaluated by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase ( TRAP) staining. The expression of DMP1 was analyzed immunohistochemically and then performed by semi-quantitative imaging analyses. Results Toluidine blue staining showed a thickened hypertrophic layers of condylar cartilage in RIS group. The results of TRAP staining indicated that the number of osteoclasts was significantly greater in OVX group than RIS group (P<0. 05). Immunohistochemistry showed that DMP1 localized mainly in the chondrogenic layers and osteocytes, bony subcondylar region in three groups. The expression levels of DMP1 proteins statistically decreased in OVX group than the other two groups(both P<0. 05). Conclusion Bisphophonates may reduce the the number of osteoclasts in the condyle from osteoporosis rats, with increasing of the expression of DMP1, which may influences condylar cartilage biomineralization.

BACKGROUND: Diabetes mel itus is one of the most common systemic diseases, which often leads to the changes of the jaw and other bone structure, as wel as the abnormal changes of mineral metabolism. OBJECTIVE: To observe the three-dimensional structure and histopathological changes of the mandible in type 1 diabetes mel itus mice. METHODS: The mice were randomly divided into control group and diabetes mel itus group. The diabetes mel itus group received intraperitoneal injection of 50 mg/kg streptozotocin for 5 days to establish a type 1 diabetes mel itus model, and the control group received intraperitoneal injection of citrate buffer. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At 3 weeks after modeling, the micro-CT technique was used to observe the three-dimensional structure of the mandibles in the two groups. The quantitative analysis on the microstructure of cancel ous bone and cortical bone showed that the bone mineral density, bone volume fraction, trabecular number and trabecular thickness of cancel ous bone in the interest region in the mandible of type 1 diabetes mel itus mice were significantly decreased when compared with that in the control group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05), while the structure model index was increased significantly (P < 0.05); the mineral density and area of cortical bone were decreased in the diabetes mel itus group (P < 0.05). Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that the number and volume of mandibular trabeculae of type 1 diabetes mel itus mice were decreased. The results suggest that the three-dimensional structure of the cancel ous bone and cortical bone in the streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes mel itus mice are changed significantly, and the microstructure change of the cancel ous bone is more obvious.

BACKGROUND:Insulin-like growth factor 1 is the key factor during cartilage development, which is involved in the growth and reconstruction of condylar cartilage.
OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of insulin-like growth factor 1 on cel apoptosis and the apopotosis-associated factors of Bcl-2, Bax mRNA and protein expressions of rat condylar chondrocytes.
METHODS:The 1-day-old and 28-day-old rat condylar chondrocytes were cultured and identified in vitro. The condylar chondrocytes with different ages were divided into experimental group and control group. After being starved for 24 hours, chondrocytes in the experimental group were incubated with 100μg/L recombined rat insulin-like growth factor 1 for 48 hours, while the chondrocytes in the control group were incubated normal y. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the control group, after being incubated with recombined
insulin-like growth factor 1, the number of condylar chondrocytes was increased with high speed proliferation (P<0.05). Real-time RCR and western blot analysis revealed that the expression levels of Bcl-2 mRNA and protein were increased after added with recombined rat insulin-like growth factor 1, while the expression levels of Bax and protein were decreased (P<0.05). The results indicate that insulin-like growth factor 1 can promote the
proliferation and reduce cel apoptosis of newborn and adolescent rat condylar chondrocytes, which may be mediated by Bcl-2 and Bax.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The number of apoptotic cels in rat condylar cartilage and subcondylar region: the sham operation group < the treatment group < the model group (alP< 0.05). (2)Expression of Bcl-2: The trend of the model group was lower than that in the sham operation group, although there was no statisticaly significant difference between the two groups; Bcl-2 expression in the treatment group was statisticaly higher compared to the model group (P< 0.05).(3)Expression of Bax and Caspase-3: The expression levels of Bax and Caspase-3 were higher in the model group than in the sham operation group (alP< 0.05), while Bax and Caspase-3 expression was lower in the treatment group than that in the model group (alP< 0.05). The results suggested that bisphophonates can regulate apoptosis in condylar cartilage from osteoporosis rats by changing the expression of Bcl-2, Bax and Caspase-3.

Objective To provide evidence for a more reasonable method of determining red bone marrow dose by analyzing and comparing existing simulation methods.Methods By utilizing Monte Carlo simulation software MCNPX,the absorbed doses of red hone marrow of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI)adult female voxel phantom were calculated throush 4 different methods:direct energy deposition.dose response function(DRF),King-Spiers factor method and mass-energy absorption coefficient (MEAC).The radiation sources were defined as infinite plate.sources with the energy ranging from 20 keV to 10 MeV.and 23 sources with different energies were simulated in total.The source was placed right next to the front of the RPI model to achieve a homogeneous anteroposterior radiation scenario.The results of different simulated photon energy sources through different methods were compared.Results When the photon energy was lower than 100 key,the direct energy deposition method gave the highest result while the MEAC and King-Spiers factor methods showed more reasonable results.When the photon energy was higher than 150 keV taking into account of the higher absorption ability of red bone marrow at highcr photon energy,the result of the King-Spiers factor method was larger than those of other methods.Conclusions The King-Spiers factor method might be the most reasonable method to estimate the red bone marrow dose from external radiation.

Objective To explore the correlation between the levels of liver fibrosis and liver fibrosis biochemical parameters of advanced schistosomiasis patients. Methods A total of 48 advanced schistosomiasis patients were investigated and they were examined by the liver biopsy and B ultrasound imaging. At the same time,the liver fibrosis biochemical parameters,including glu-tamine transpeptidase(GGT),alkaline phosphatase(AKP),procollagenⅢ(PC-Ⅲ),collagen typeⅣ(Ⅳ-C),hyaluronic acid (HA)and laminin(LN),were detected. The liver fibrosis levels were classified by the liver biopsy and B ultrasound imaging,re-spectively,and the correlation between the levels of liver fibrosis and liver fibrosis biochemical parameters were analyzed statisti-cally. Results There was no correlation between the liver fibrosis levels classified by the liver biopsy and all the liver fibrosis bio-chemical parameters;there was a weak correlation between the liver fibrosis levels classified by the B ultrasound imaging and GGT,AKP,LN and PC-Ⅲ,respectively;there was a significant correlation between the liver fibrosis levels classified by the B ul-trasound imaging and HA andⅣ-C,respectively. Conclusions B ultrasound examination is a better,noninvasive fibrosis in-spection method. Liver fibrosis biochemical parameters combined with the B ultrasound examination may better reflect the overall condition of liver fibrosis.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of 4 polar parts extracts from Li medicine Alpinia oxyphylla fruit on model mice with experimental colitis,and screen the effective parts of A. oxyphylla fruit in the treatment of colitis. METHODS:After 70% ethanol extract dispersed by water,petroleum ether,trichloromethane,ethyl acetate and n-butanol were used in turn to obtain extractions in related parts. 42 mice were randomly divided into modeling group(36 mice)and blank group(6 mice). Mice in mod-eling group were taken 2,4,6-nitrobenzne sulfonic acid method to replicate the experiment colitis. After modeling,model mice were randomly divided into model group,positive group(Sulfasalazine enteric coated tablets,52 g/kg),petroleum ether,trichloro-methane,ethyl acetate,n-butanol extract from A. oxyphylla fruit groups(10 g/kg,calculated by crude drug),6 in each group,in-tragastrically administrated once a day,for 9 d,0.2 mL/10 g;mice in blank group and model group were intragastrically given nor-mal saline. After administration,body mass of mice was determined,disease activity index(DAI)was scored and colonic myelo-peroxidase(MPO),superoxide dismutase(SOD),malondialdehyde(MDA)activities in colon tissue were detected,and the colon pathological changes were observed and scored. RESULTS:Compared with blank group,decrease percentage of body mass,DAI score,MPO and MDA activities in colon tissue in model group were increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01);colon tissue was pathologi-cally changed. Compared with model group,body mass was increased,DAI score,MPO activity and pathological score in each ad-ministration groups were decreased;SOD activities in positive group,n-butanol extract from A. oxyphylla fruit group and ethyl ace-tate extract from A. oxyphylla fruit group were significantly increased,MDA activities in positive group and ethyl acetate extract from A. oxyphylla fruit group were significantly decreased,with statistical significances (P<0.05 or P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS:The 4 polar parts extracs from A. oxyphylla fruit have certain improvement effects on model mice with experimental colitis, in which ethyl acetate and n-butanol parts are preferred.

The receptor of the heart transplantation was a patient with terminal dilated cardiomyopathy, the donor was a patient with congenital ventricular septal defect, in situ double-chamber heart transplantation was performed, and the result of the four-year follow-up was satisfactory. At present, donor is deficient,and those donors with congenital defect can also obtain satisfactory clinical application effects after appropriate handling.