Objective To explore the relationship between N-acetyltransferase-2(NAT2)alleles polymorphism and type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods Polymerase chain reaction and sequence determination technique were used to identify NAT2 alleles in 174 patients with T2DM(T2DM group)and 174 unrelated healthy individuals(control group).Results Compared with control group,the allelic frequency of NAT2 mutation was no significant difference in T21DM group(x2=7.38,P＞0.05).The frequencies of the NAT2 genotypes(Wt/Wt,Wt/M1,Wt/M2,Wt/M3,M1/M1,M1/M2,M1/M3,M2/M2,M2/M3,M3/M3)were 39.08％(68/174),3.45％(6/174),22.99％(40/174),14.94％(26/174),0.57％(1/174),2.30％(4/174),1.15％(2/174),4.60％(8/174),9.20％(16/174),1.72％(3/174)and 44.83％(78/174),2.60％(8/174),27.59％(48/174),17.24％(30/174),0.57％(1/174),0.57％(1/174),0.57％(1/174),1.15％(21174),2.30％(4/174),0.57％(1/174)respectively,and significant differences showed between T2DM group and control group(x2=13.92,P＜0.01).The proportion of fast acetylate in T2DM group was significantly higher than that in control group[94.25％(164/174)vs.80.46％(140/174)],and the propoaion of slow acetylate in T2DM group was significantly lower than that in control group[5.75％(10/174)vs.19.54％(34/174)](P＜0.05),The risk of T2DM in people who were fast acetylate had 3.98 times(95％ CI:1.90-8.35)more than that in people who were slow acetylate.Conclusion It shows that the fast acetylate may be one of the genetic factors that influencing the susceptibility to T2DM,and slow acetylate may be one of the protecting factors.

Treatment of sacral fractures,unstable ones in particular,has attracted more and more attention.Despite numerous classification systems for sacral fractures,the commonly used ones are Denis and Tile classifications.Stable sacral fractures deserve conservative treatment,but unstable ones should be treated surgically,by operative reduction,internal fixation to reconstruct stability of the pelvis,and prevention or relief of nerve compression.There are many methods of internal fixation for unstable sacral fractures,and each has its own advantages and disadvantages.This review summarizes the progress in surgical treatment of unstable sacral fractures and makes comments on the latest surgical strategies.

AIM: To explore the effect of acute and chronic hypoxia on the chemotaxis of polymorphonuclear leukocytes(PMNs) of rats.METHODS: Serum and PMNs were separated from rats under normoxia, acute hypoxia and chronic hypoxia condition,and cell aspiration technology system was used to determine the chemotactic migration of pseudopod of PMNs induced by serum as chemotactic factor.RESULTS: Induced by autoserum,the length of pseudopod of PMNs migrated into micropipette [(1.200?0.178)?m,(1.094?0.164)?m ]under acute hypoxic and chronic hypoxic condition was significantly longer than the corresponding value for control[(0.914?0.156)?m,P

BACKGROUND:Xenogenic deproteinized bone is generally collected and has unique biological properties;however,its immunogen hopes be resolved so as to discover a new type of bone graft material.OBJECTIVE:To explore the performance of xenogenic deproteinized bone scaffold for tissue-engineered bone and the effect on spinal intertransverse fusion in goats.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:An in vivo cell-scaffold study was performed at the Key Laboratory of Fibrotic Biotherapy of Heilongjiang Province between February and October 2008.MATERIALS:Twelve healthy male goats aged 6-8 months were provided by Animal Center of Mudanjiang Medical College.METHODS:Cancellous bone at distal femur of adult swine was obtained to prepare xenogenic deproteinized bone scaffold using physical and chemical methods.Effects of the scaffold on morphology,structure,component,biomechanical property,and biological behavior of seed cells were detected and analyzed.Bone marrow was extracted from ilium of goat and gradient-centrifuged to obtain the third-passaged bone marrow mesenchyme stern cells (BMSCs).A certain quantity of autologous BMSCs and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2) were plated onto the scaffold to achieve tissue-engineeried bone.Models of bilateral L3,4 intertransverse bone graft were established on 12 goats.Tissue-engineeried bone was implanted into the left side in a repairing group,while the same volume of autologous ilium was implanted into the right side in a control group.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:X-ray examination and histological detection were performed at 4,8,and 12 weeks after implantation.RESULTS:Deproteinization-treated cancellous bone exhibited a spatial grid structure of variously sized,crossing and opening pores,composing hydroxyapatite and collagen.The pore diameter was 200-500 μm,and porosity was about 60%.Mechanical property and cell compatibility were well.X-ray examination demonstrated that at 4 weeks after implantation,some or even lateral intertransverse bridging regions were unclear,and material density in the repairing group was lower than control group;at 8 weeks after implantation,interspace between up and down bridging was shrunk,and a great quantity of calluses were successively formed;at 12 weeks after implantation,complete confluence was observed,and the density in the repairing group was closed to that in the control group.Histological detection indicated that at 4 weeks after implantation,new bone was multidrop-formed in the repairing group;at 8 weeks after implantation,bone tissue like the islet shape was passed through the whole implanted materials;at 12 weeks after implantation,woven bones arranged across,medullary cavity was formed,and osteogenic activity in the repairing group was closed to that in the control group.On the other hand,at 4 weeks after implantation,a large quantity of new bones were formed in the control group;at 8 weeks after implantation,a great quantity of collagen fibers were observed,and osteogenesis was clear in marginal region;at 12 weeks after implantation,fibrous tissues were reduced,and osteogenesis was active.CONCLUSION:BMSCs and rhBMP-2 incubated on xenogenic deproteinized cancellous bone is an ideal tissue-engineeried bone scaffold,characterizing by an excellent histocompatibility and a strong osteogenesis,based on in vitro X-ray diffraction analysis,mechanical test,and in vivo osteogenesis experiment.

Port-wine stains(PWS)are a common congenital capillary malformation. The lesions of PWS appear to gradually darken in color and thicken with age, and even progress into nodules in late stage. Based on the principles of selective photothermolysis, pulsed dye laser (PDL)has become a standard treatment for PWS. However, for some intractable PWS, single PDL treatment shows unsatisfactory and even no effects. Considering this state, the authors summarize multiple treatment strategies for intractable PWS with thick or nodular lesions, providing a reference for their treatment.

Objective Vimentin is the major protein consisting of intermediate filaments in normal and neoplastic mesenchymal cells.It has been regarded as a marker of epithelial mesenchymal transition( EMT) .How-ever,little is known about colorectal cancer( CRC) with Vimentin expression as a marker of EMT and prognosis. Methods We investigated the expression of Vimentin in CRC tissues and determined the correlations between Vimentin expression patterns and clinicopathologic characteristics and prognosis in CRC.In total,189 patients di-agnosed with CRC based on histopathological evaluation and those subjected to surgical resection at the Liaoning Province Cancer Hospital and Institute between 2000 and 2002 were examined.Immunohistochemical staining for Vimentin was performed for each specimen.Results Positive expression of Vimentin was significantly associated with the lymph node metastasis(pN stage,P=0.038),TNM stage(P=0.024).Survival analysis revealed that positive Vimentin expression was significantly related to poor prognosis ( P =0.016 ) .Multivariate analysis re-vealed that Vimentin expression was an independent prognostic factor for patient survival in colorectal cancer ( P=0.026) .Conclusion In conclusion,our data provide novel evidence for the clinical significance of Vimentin ex -pression as potential predictive biomarkers for identifying patients with lymph node metastasis or poor prognosis in CRC.

Objective To analyse the clinical manifestation of thoracostomach-airway fistula in order to improve the recognition.Methods The clinical information in 20 cases with thoracostomach-airway fistulas was analyzed retrospectively.Results The main clinical manifestations were choke after drinking or eating,inhalation pneumonia,fever,becoming thin ness,aridity,turbulence of water and electrolyte,et al.The stomach radiography showed thoracostomach-tracheal fistulas in six cases,thoracostomach-carina fistula in fwo cases,thoracostomach-left main bronchial fistulas in 10 cases and thoracostomach-right main bronchial fistula in two cases,vespectively.Conclusions Thoracostomach-airway fistula could be diagnosed according to the specific clinical significances and stomach radiography.

Objective To study the effects of deep hypothermia and L-arginine(NO precursor) pretreatment on cerebral protection after circulatory arrest and resuscitation in a canine model. Methods Ten healthy adult dogs of both sexes, weighing 14.45?2.3kg, were randomly divided into two groups(n=5): sham treatment group and L-arginine pretreatment group. Extracorporeal circulation was established routinely,circulatory arrest was induced when the nasopharyngeal temperature was reduced to 18℃, then the animals were resuscitated 90min later with extracorporeal circulation. SjvO2 was measured at 30min before circulatory arrest, 0min, 45min, 90min after circulatory arrest and at 60minutes after resuscitation. The ultrastructure changes in cerabral cortex were observed with transmission electron microscope (HITACHI 7500). The brain water content was also determined after the dogs were sacrificed. Results SjvO2 had decreased obviously after circulatory arrest, attaining the lowest level in CA 90min.After resuscitation it increased again in both groups. The levels of SjvO2 in dogs of L-arginine pretreatment group were markedly higher than that of control group at 45min and 90min after circulatory arrest (P

Objective To investigate the effects of hypoxia on the rheologic properties of leukocytes in microcirculation of rats, and its relationship with the expressive changes of CD18 of neutrophils. Methods Hypobaric chamber was used to simulate the plateau condition for the establishment of animal hypoxic model. Adult Wistar rats were randomized in three groups: control group, short-term hypoxia group (Hypobaric chamber simulated 5000m altitude for 3days) and long-term hypoxia group (Hypobaric chamber simulated 5000m altitude for 30 days). Intravital microscopy and computer image analysis system were used to evaluate the rheologic properties of leuckcytes in mesentery microcirculation. Neutrophils of the three experimental groups were purified and the expression of CD18 was determined by flow cytometer. Results Compared with control group, the rheologic properties of leukocytes were changed obviously at both short-term hypoxia and long-term hypoxia groups, including the number of leukocytes rolling and adherenced on endothelium increased, TLECT (total leukocyte-endothelium contact time) obviously extended (P

Objective To explore the effects of acute or chronic hypoxia on the viscoelastic properties of polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) of rats. Methods Hypobaric chamber was used to simulate high altitude condition. Fifteen adult Wistar rats were randomized into 3 groups: control, acute hypoxia (5 000 m for 3 d) and chronic hypoxia (5 000 m for 30 d). Micropipette aspiration technique was used to evaluate the biomechanical properties of PMNs of rats and the experimental results were fitted with a three-element standard linear solid model. Results The viscoelastic coefficients of PMNs in acute hypoxic condition [K1=(86.66?26.84) Pa, K2=(399.89?22.03)Pa, ?=(4.23?1.82) Pa?s] or those values in chronic hypoxic condition [K1=(179.61?26.31) Pa, K2=(472.12?30.36) Pa, ?=(9.21?2.65) Pa?s] were significantly higher than the corresponding value of PMNs in control(P