Objective To integrative the effect of ulinastatin on postoperative cognitive function in elderly gastric cancer surger-y.Methods Two hundred elderly patients with gastric cancer surgery were randomly divided into observed group (100 cases)and control group (100 cases).Patients in observed group received the intravenous drip of ulinastatin before and after the surgery,while others only received the intravenous drip of physiological saline before and after the surgery.Results The urine output of observed group was (441.7±78.5)mL,which was significantly lower than that in control group as the result was (613.2±81.2)mL(P <0.05).After the treatment,the score of MMSE,visual regeneration and association learning in both observed group and control group were significantly lower than that before the treatment(P <0.05).The scores of MMSE,visual regeneration and association learning in observed group were 24.4±1.5,9.7±1.7 and 12.4±1.8,which were significantly higher than that in control group as the scores were 21.1±1.0,8.7±1.5 and 11.3±1.7 (P <0.05).The level of S100βin serum of observed group at the end of sur-gery,1 day and 3 day after the surgery were (0.099±0.024)μg/L,(0.074±0.026)μg/L and (0.061±0.022)μg/L,which were significantly lower than that in control group as the results were (0.138±0.042)μg/L,(0.110±0.034)μg/L and (0.075±0.031)μg/L (P < 0.05).Conclusion Ulinastatin can not only improve the postoperative cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients with postoperative,but can also reduce the level of S100βin serum.It provides brain protection for patients.

OBJECTIVEThis research aims to study the changes in pain threshold and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) in a Sprague Dawley (SD) rat model oftrigeminal neuralgia.

METHODSA total of 36 male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: operative, sham-operative, and control. In the operative group, a chronic constriction injury (CCI) was caused by placing loose chromic gut ligatures around the right infraorbital nerve (ION). In the sham-operative group, the right ION was subjected to the same procedure, but without ligation. In the control group, the right ION was not subjected to any treatment. The pain thresholds of the three groups were recorded at different times after the operation. The GDNF expression in each group was analyzed via immunohistochemical staining.

RESULTSAn allodynia to mechanical stimulation in the region of the ligated ION was observed starting on the 2nd week after operation. Pain thresholds started to increase gradually from the 6th week and returned to the original level at the 10th to 12th week after operation. Cells that expressed the GDNF markedly increased in number in the operative group with changes observed at different times.

CONCLUSIONWe use chronic constriction injury to the infraorbital nerve (CCI-ION) to establish a trigeminal neuralgia-like animal model in SD rats. GDNF may play a role in regulating pain by promoting the restoration and regeneration of nerve fibers.

Animals ; Constriction ; Disease Models, Animal ; Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor ; Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factors ; Hyperalgesia ; Male ; Pain Threshold ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Trigeminal Neuralgia

Objective To explore methods for the treatment and prevention of residual gallbladder.Methods Clinical data of 56 patients with residual gallbladder were retrospectively analyzed.Results All 56 cases were diagnosed through clinical imaging examination and cured by selective operation of residual gallbladder resection.Conclusion The residual gallbladder can be diagnosed by repeated biliary symptoms in patients with a history of cholecystectomy and imaging examination.Residual gallbladder resection is an effective therapy for the treatment of residual gallbladder.

Objective To evaluate the left atrial function and to explore its determinants in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy by three-dimensional echocardiography (3DE).Methods 46 patients with HCM (obstructive HCM:25 cases,nonobstructive HCM:21 cases) and 46 healthy cases (controls) were enrolled in this study.Time-volume curve of left atrium was acquired by 3DE in all subjects.Left atrial maximal volume (LAVmax),left atrial minimal volume (LAVmin) and left atrial presystolic volume (LAVp) were acquaired.Left atrial volume index (LAVI),left atrial expansion index (LAEI),left atrium emptying fraction (LAEF),left atrium passive emptying fraction (LAPEF) and 1eft atrium active emptying fraction (LAAEF) were calculated.Comparative analysis between two groups was taken .The Spearman correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis between left atrial volume index (LAVI) with interventricular septal thickness (IVSd),left ventricular outflow tract peak gradient (LVOT-PG),mitral regurgitation (MI), left ventricular diastolic function (LVDF) were analyzed respectively .Results Compared to the controls LAVmax (45.67 ±11.96)ml,LAVmin (20.48 ±6.80)ml,LAVp (24.48 ±9.31)ml,LAVI 25.63 ±6.52, LAEI (1.32 ±0.49)%,LAEF (55.25 ±8.06)%,LAPEF (35.90 ±7.00)%and LAAEF (30.20 ±10.13)%, the patient with HCM had a significantly larger LAVmax (81.45 ±24.24)ml,LAVmin (44.60 ±18.96)ml, LAVp (61.00 ±21.64) ml and LAVI 45.39 ±14.17,there were significant differences among the groups (t=8.978,8.123,9.227,8.436,all P<0.01),lower LAEI(0.95 ±0.43)%,LAEF (46.15 ±11.12)%, LAPEF (25.64 ±9.09)%,there were significant differences among the groups (t=-3.865,-4.493,-6.504,all P<0.01),and slightly lower LAAEF (28.20 ±9.26)%,there were no significant differences among the groups (t=-0.656,P>0.01).There were significant positive correlation between LAVI and IVSd,LVOT-PG,MI,LVDF respectively (r=0.704,0.517,0.640,0.701,all P<0.01).Multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that IVSd , LVOT-PG, MI and LVDF were correlated factors of LAVI (absolute standardized coeffients =0.264,0.515,0.614,0.341,all P<0.05).Conclusions 3DE could evaluate the left atrial volume and function in patients with HCM , with increased left atrial volume and decreased reservioer,conduit and booster pump function .Mitral regurgitation,obstruction of left ventricular outflow tract,left ventricular diastolic dysfunction and the thickness of left ventricular wall contributed to left atrial dysfunction at different levels ,among which mitrial regurgitation contributed the most .

Objective To investigate the variation and correlation between tumor necrosis factor-?(TNF-?)and transforming growth factor-?1(TGF-?1)in children with Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis(HSPN)in plasma and explore their effects on kidney lesion in children with Henoch-Schonlein purpura(HSP).Methods Plasma TNF-? and TGF-?1 were determined with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)in 30 cases with HSP,38 cases with HSPN and 30 normal controls,urinary protein excretion with urinary analyze method in these children.Renal biopsies were performed and renal biopsy specimens were observed by light,immunofluorescence and electron microscopy in 32 out of 38 cases with HSPN.The SPSS 11.0 software was used to analyze the data.Results 1.Comparing with normal controls,the plasma level of TNF-? and TGF-?1 in children with HSP increased with significant difference in statistics(Pa

BACKGROUND:There are less reports on the evaluation of plantar pressure distribution in knee osteoarthritis patients using modern gait analysis, and moreover, the database of characteristic plantar pressure has not been established in patients with osteoarthritis. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the therapeutic effect of Chinese massage and functional exercise on knee osteoarthritis. METHODS:Forty patients with left knee osteoarthritis who were eligible for the inclusive criteria were randomized into two groups, with 20 in each group. Control group was given conventional treatment, and treatment group was given Chinese massage combined with functional exercise. Japanese Orthopaedic Association score and gait parameters were measured and compared between two groups before and at 3 months after treatment. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After treatment, the two groups both had evident efficacy in pain relief during walking, and there was no statisticaly difference between the two groups. There was a significant difference in the knee range of motion in the patients in the treatment group when going upstairs and downstairs as wel as during joint flexion before and after treatment, but no changes occurred in the control group. After treatment, the range of motion during joint flexion was better in the treatment group than the control group, but there was no difference in the sweling reduction between the two groups. In addition, the treatment group had a higher Japanese Orthopaedic Association score after treatment than before treatment (P < 0.05), and there was no statistical difference in the control group. Gait analysis showed that there were improvements in the percentage of contact time, parameters during stance phase and peak plantar pressure in the two groups, but there was no significant difference before and after treatment. Foot axis angle in the treatment group was improved significantly, which was significantly better than that in the control group. Al the indexes in the treatment group were improved a lot, but did not reach the normal.

Objective To investigate the preventive effect of oral ulcer using two methods in radio-therapeutic patients after tongue squamous cell carcinoma operation. Methods Thirty-six radiotherapeutic patients after tongue squamous cell carcinoma operation were collected from May 2012 to May 2014 and divided into control group and treatment group according to the random number table method. Regular oral nursing was administered to control group, treatment group were received regular therapy plus orally vitamin B and cetylpyridinium chloride gargle for gargling, and then evaluated the efficacy according related standards. Results Less oral ulcer (1/18 vs.7/18,χ2=-2.372,P<0.05), better oral lustration (Z=-2.093,P<0.05) and overall oral nursing effect (Z=-2.166,P<0.05) were observed in treatment group compared to control group after 7 days of therapy, however, treatment group presented no significantly better comfort level at the same time (Z=-1.708,P>0.05). Conclusions Regular therapy plus orally vitamin B and cetylpyridinium chloride gargle for gargling are effective for the prevention of oral ulcer in radiotherapeutic patients after tongue squamous cell carcinoma operation.

BACKGROUND:With the rapid development of medical technology, computer image technology and the urgent needs of computer-aided clinical teaching, the application of virtual reality technology in oral and maxilofacial anatomy has become an issue of concern. OBJECTIVE:To summarize the application of virtual reality technology in oral and maxilofacial anatomy, thereby providing the better methods for clinical and basic research of oral medicine, laying the foundation for building the digital repository, and realizing the informatization and networking construction. METHODS:A computer-based retrieval was performed by the first author in the CNKI and PubMed databases to search papers related on the virtual reality technology applied in oral and maxilofacial anatomy published between January 2004 and December 2014, using the key words of “tissue engineering, virtual reality, oral and maxilofacial anatomy, digital, 3D reconstruction, multimedia, teeth, skul” in Chinese and English, respectively. According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, 52 papers were included in the final analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The application of virtual reality technology in oral and maxilofacial anatomy mainly includes 3D digital model and virtual digital database of human body. 3D medical reconstruction software includes 3D-Doctor and Minics that support the original data sources including continuous fault anatomical images, varieties of image data and 3D scanning data. A variety of virtual reality technologies can successfuly reproduce the tooth, dentition and oral and maxilofacial anatomy, laying the foundation for building the virtual reality platform in oral clinical application and teaching.

BACKGROUND:Because the content of oral and maxil ofacial anatomy is various and complex, only the traditional way of multimedia cannot display the anatomical structures from multi-angle and al-round. The development of virtual reality technology in oral and maxil ofacial anatomy of three-dimensional reconstruction research is rapid, causes the attention of many scholars, and has become a hot spot. OBJECTIVE:To develop a three-dimensional digital model of tooth, dentition and skul , and establish a multimedia database of oral and maxil ofacial anatomy to facilitate network sharing and information dissemination so as to provide new method for teaching of basic and clinical oral medicine. METHODS:Extracted teeth with intact crown and root, dentition and skul were chosen. Each specimen was taken at horizontal and vertical direction by the camera in the center of turntable. Al the images obtained were treated using Photoshop CS5 for dressing and compression. The image data were input into The VR Worx system, fol owed by parameters and hotspots setting and the compression. Final y, the three-dimensional digital models were reconstructed and output with QuickTime VR format into disk. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Three-dimensional digital models of tooth and skul were constructed with photography and the VR Worx 2.6 software, which could faithful y reproduce the anatomical characteristics of teeth, dentition and skul s, and facilitate researchers to rotate and scale for observation. Also, it was easy for hotspot-marking. On the platform of digital photography and The VR Worx software, it is feasible to establish the three-dimensional digital model of tooth and skul . This approach is the entity reconstruction, and the reconstructed model appears clear, vivid, and is easy to be saved and promoted.

Objective To investigate the dynamic changes in peripheral blood of patients with acute pancreatitis α-MSH,TNF-α,PCTS and the value of the patient assessment of disease severity.Methods Emergency surgery in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from March 2011 to March 2014 were treated 68 cases of acute pancreatitis patients,36 patients with mild,32 cases of severe group.All patients were extracted 1,3,5,7 days after admission blood,and α-MSH was measured by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay,the content of TNF-αand PCT.Results Compared with the mild group,the serum of patients with severe group of α-MSH concentrations were lower (P ＜ 0.05),while serum TNF-αand PCT levels higher than the mild group (P ＜ 0.05);in disease severity assessment,α-MSH sensitivity of 82.35％ and a specificity of 88.24％,the accuracy was 87.5％,TNF-α sensitivity of 76.47％ and a specificity of 82.35％,the accuracy was 81.25％,PCT sensitivity of 70.59％ and a specificity of 76.47％,75.00％ accuracy,PCT + TNF-α + α-MSH sensitivity of 88.24％ and a specificity of 94.12％,93.75％ accuracy;area under the PCT,TNF-α,α-MSH and the combination of the three curves 0.690,0.696,0.768 and 0.885,respectively.Conclusions Serum α-MSH,monitoring TNF-α,PCT levels have some clinical value in patients with acute pancreatitis disease severity assessment,including α-MSH in the condition assessment of the sensitivity,specificity and positive predictive value were higher than the latter two,and peripheral α-MSH in patients with a low level indicates a serious condition,poor prognosis;addition,combined detection with higher clinical value in the assessment of disease severity.