Along with the rapid development of interventional radiology, a simultaneous increase of the treatment was carried out for diseases of urinary system, including nephrostomy, balloon dilatation and stenting for uninary tract obstruction, calculus removing techniques, stenting for prostatic hypertrophy; TAE/TACE and ablation therapy for benign/ malignant tumors; angioplasty with balloon or stent for stenosis of renal artery or vein; embolotherapy for hemorrhagic diseases; interventional treatment for complications after renal transplatation, and so on. All the above mentioned techniques for urinary diseases have already provided with good results and futher research will bring a promising future.

In order to study the factors influencing quantitative measurement of CT lung densitometry, 54 healthy adults underwent lung spiral scans at 50 % vital capacity (VC). Among the 54 cases, 40 received HRCT scan at carina and 5 cm away from carina (± 5 cm) at 10 % VC and 90 % VC, 23 lung HRCT at those three sections at 50 % VC. Using automatic evaluation software-Pulmo, mean lung density (ME) and pixel index (PI) at each section were evaluated. It was found that the depth of respiration affected ME and PI markedly. The ME changed 125.91 Hu between 10 % VC to 90 % VC. The ME and PI were also influenced by collimation, age and sex. It was concluded that it was very important to control the depth of respiratory. The normal CT attenuation values for the lung should be established.

Objective To investigate the change on the extent of coagulated lesion under various interrupting methods of hepatic blood flow in vivo animal livers, and the clinical effect of combining tran scathcter arterial chernoembolization(TACE) with percutaneous microwave coagulation therapy (PMCT) for primary and metastatic hepatic tumors. Methods Using FORSEA MTC-3-500s microwave coagulator, we performed microwave tissue coagulation in vivo liver of 6 pigs at 60 W, 2 min and of 20 rabbits al 40 W, 2 min with or without the interruption of hepatic blood flow. 27 patients with primary hepatic carcinoma(30 nodules) and 8 patients with metastatic carcinoma( 12 nodules) underwent the combination therapy of 1 - 4 sessions of TACK followed by within 3-10 days by 1 - 3 sessions of PMCT guided by ultrasonography and/or CT. The 42 lesions measured from 2. 3 cm to 15.6 cm were taken place. Results In vivo liver, the greatest dimension of the lesions coagulated by microwave with the interruption of hepatic arterial and portal flow were 22.510.6 mm at 40 W, 2 min and 28. 6?1. 2 mm at 60 W, 2 min, which were markedly larger than those without the interruption (13.3?0.3; and 15.6?0.7 mm, P

Objective To investigate the characteristics of imaging appearances and diagnostic value of ciliochoroidal detachment.Methods Ultrasound,MRI and CT appearances of 19 cases of ciliochoroidal detachment were reviewed,which included 9 cases of serous ciliochoroidal detachment,7 cases of choroid hematoma,and 3 cases of ciliary body detachment.All cases were examined by both B ultrasound and MRI at the same time,11 of them were examined by CT.Results UItrasound showed membrane bulge of the eyeball wall with different extent in 9 cases of serous ciliochoroidal detachment.Its postzone connected the equator or close to optic disc and its prozone could not been detected by ultrasound.There was echofree fluid darkspace under detached membrane.MRI showed membrane detachment at both nasal side and temporal side of ocular annulation in 9 cases of ciliochoroidal detachment.The detached membrane was approximately symmetry,its anterior margin did not exceed ciliary body adhesion of ocular annnlation and its posterior margin stopped at posterior part of ocular annulafion.There was long T1 and long T2 signal under detached membrane.CT showed slight thickening of ocular annulafion and slightly increased density of eyeball in 5 cases of serous cilioehoroidal detachment.Ultrasound showed hemispheroid or curve bulge of eyeball wall,projected toward the vitreous cavity in 7 cases of choroid hematoma,and there was an amount of low echo light spot under the detached membrane.Both MRI (7 cases)and CT (5 cases) showed hemispheroid,fusfform or curve bulge on the nasal side,temporal side and posterior part of ocular annulation.They appeared as isodensity or slight high density on CT,iso- or high signal on T1 WI and T2WI.Stratification was seen on T2WI in I case of choroid hematoma.Ciliary body detachment could not been detected by either MBI (3 cases) or CT (1 case) except ultrasound.Conclusion Imaging examination may provide reliable diagnostic evidence for ciliochoroidal detachment.

Objective To analyze the CT features of orbital bone benign tumor and tumor mimics,so that to improve the diagnostic accuracy of these diseases.Methods CT appearances of orbital bone benign tumor and tumor-like lesion in 32cases proved by surgery,pathology and clinical features were reviewed.The lesions included orbital bone benign tumor(n=17)and tumor-like lesions(n=15).Results On CT,orbital osteomas in 9 cases showed homogeneous high density and cavernous bone-like density or ground glass-like density;ossifying fibroma in 5 cases were well-defined expansion of bone with ossification,cystic areas within the lesions;epidermal cyst in 2 displayed cystic density ;calcification and ossification could be seen in 1 case of chondroma ;10 cases of fibrous dysplasia showed ground glass-like density with cystic areas in poor-defined expansion of bone;the osteolytic destruction with well-defined margin were founded in 3 cases of orbital Langerhans' cell histiocytosis;1 case of aneurismal bone cyst appeared as cystic and expansive lesion with thin bone shell;1 case of osteopetrosis showed homogeneous high density in orbital wall.Conclusion Various orbital bone benign tumor and tumor-like lesions have different CT features.CT scan can clearly demonstrate the extent,density,border and the relationship with adjacent tissue of these lesions.

Objective To investigate whether or not the pulmonary artery participates in the blood supply of lung cancer and its change of morphology and blood flow in lung cancer. Methods Two different colors of silicone were injected separately into the bronchial and pulmonary arteries of 33 rat models with squamous cell carcinoma of lung. The origin of blood supply of lung cancer and the morphologic change of pulmonary artery were observed under a stereomicroscope. The DSA of bronchial and pulmonary artery were performed simultaneously in 28 patients with lung cancer. Results The pulmonary branch of rat and patients were reduced, thinned and occluded in the affected lung. The pulmonary artery did not form tumor vessel, and pulmonary blood flow and perfusion were reduced or absent in the affected area. Conclusion The pulmonary artery didn′t participate in the blood supply of lung cancer. It is unreasonable to perform transcatheter chemo embolization for lung cancer via pulmonary arteriay.

Objective To assess hemodynamics of pulmonary arterial flow and to count the pulmonary artery diastolic pressure (PADP) by analysis using velocity study of main pulmonary with phase-contrast MR imaging. Methods The diameter、velocity and the maximal retrograde velocity of main pulmonary artery in 45 patients were measured with phase-contrast MR imaging and compared with cardiac catheterization. The accuracy and specificity of PADP measured with phase-contrast MR imaging were evaluated by relativity and regression analysis. Results The PADP measured with phase-contrast MR imaging was (4.82?1.24) mm Hg and that measured with right cardiac catheterization was (4.52?2.00) mm Hg in 40 patients with pulmonary regurgitation. With good correlation the correlation coefficient was 0.94(P

Objective To investigate the clinical value of home-made self-expandable metallic stent therapy for benign or malignant segmental obstruction of inferior vena cava (IVC). Methods 48 patients, including 30 cases of benignancy and 18 of malignancy, were underwent the home-made self-expandable metallic stent endovascular implantation of IVC. Results Of 48 patients, the average obstructive length of IVC were 5.3?2.8 cm. The IVC pressure below the obstruction varied from 21.4?5.1 mmHg of preoperation to 8.4?3.3 mmHg of postoperation(P

Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of interventional procedure for treating the renal artery aneurysm (RAA).Methods From Jan 2009 to Apr 2014,17 patients,who were diagnosed as RAA and accepted the interventional therapy,were reviewed in our hospital.The mean age in those patients,including 7 males and 10 females,was (46.4±10.3) years old (range from 20 to 67 years old).The related symptoms included backache in 4 cases,abdominal pain in 4 cases,intermittent hematuria in 2 cases,chyluria in one case,oligouria in one case.9 cases were diagnosed as multiple RAA and 8 cases were confirmed as signle cases.In 17 cases,31 aneurysms were found,including 26 true aneurysms,5 pseudoaneurysums,17 sacculated aneurysms,4 spindle-like aneurysms,4 irregular shape aneurysms,4 parenchyma aneurysm and 2 dissecting aneurysm.8 aneurysms located in the main renal artery,19 aneurysms located in the branch of renal artery,4 aneurysums located in the renal parenchyma.Intracavitary coil embolization was used in 4 patients.We carried out parent artery embolization in 3 patients.A combination of the former techniques was performed in 6 cases.Covered stent placement was operated in one case.Combination of the intracavitary coil embolization and nude stent placement were performed in 2 patients.We used two techniques in one patient with multiple artery aneurysms in both sides.Results The interventional treatment of RAAs succeed at the first operation in 16 of 17 patients.17 cases were followed-up from 3 to 53 months (mean 23 months).No severe complications or death cases occurred in this study.Urine occult blood in 3 patients turned to negative after one week.Primary symptoms such as gross hematuria,abdominal pain,lumbodorsalgia,fever vanished or obviously eased after a month.Laboratory tests showed that normal level in SCr,BUN,routine urinalysis 3 months,6 months and 1 year later.No tendency of stent and coil stent shifting was found in 16 patients and the parent arteries were patent in 8 cases,with reexamination bv ultrasonic or computed tomography angiography (CTA).Conclusions Interventional techniques are minimally-invasive,safe and effective methods for treating the RAAs.

The clinical values of coils embolization in the treatment of pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVM) and related complications were investigated. Eleven patients with PAVMs verified by pulmonary arterial angiography were treated by transcatheter coils embolization. Chest X-ray (11 cases), computer tomography (7 cases) and/or magnetic resonance imaging (2 cases) were performed before embolization. Blood-gas analysis was done in 5 cases before and after embolization. The follow-up materials of 8 patients were collected to evaluate the effect of embolization with coils. The clinical manifestations included cerebral embolus, hemoptysis and decreased oxygenation in 9 patients and the remaining 2 had no symptoms. 9/11 cases were found by chest X-ray and 8 were diagnosed definitely. 7/7, 2/2 cases were diagnosed by CT or MR and diagnosis was made in all cases. Embolization was performed in 29 vessels. Partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood of 5 cases changed significantly before and after embolization. Slight complications occurred in 6 patients, such as low fever, chest pain, pleurisy. The follow-up results showed that 7 cases were cured effectively. No primary and secondary device migration, and no medical paradoxical embolization occurred. It was concluded that coils embolization is a well-established method for treating PAVMs. It is a minimally invasive lung preserving treatment with high efficiency and less complication.
Angiography ; Arteriovenous Malformations/diagnosis ; Arteriovenous Malformations/*therapy ; Embolization, Therapeutic/*instrumentation ; Follow-Up Studies ; Magnetic Resonance Angiography ; Pulmonary Artery/*abnormalities ; Pulmonary Veins/*abnormalities ; Treatment Outcome