Objective To investigate the regulative effect of interferon gamma (INF?) on the expression of platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor / thymidine phosphorylase (PD-ECGF/TP) and its relation with the anti-cancer effect of 5′-deoxy-5-fluorouridine (5'DFUR) and 5-fluorouracil (5FU) in T24 bladder cancer cells. Methods PD-ECGF/TP mRNA and protein expressions were determined by RT-PCR and Western blot,respectively.Cytotoxicity of 5′DFUR,5FU or mitomycin C (MMC) against T24 cells was evaluated by MTS assay. Results The expressions of PD-ECGF/TP mRNA and protein were concomitantly elevated in T24 cells after INF? treatment.And INF? decreased IC 50 s of 5′DFUR [from (16.0? 3.6 )mmol/L to (6.2?0.9)mmol/L,( P

Objective To establish a method for rapidly detecting the G-protein ?3 subunit (GNB3) 825 site single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and to analyse the relationship between GNB3 825 site gene SNP and obesity. Methods The real-time fluorescent PCR was employed to analyse the GNB3 825 site gene SNP of 420 samples from 21 provinces and the the frequencies of genotypes were compared with those detected by gene sequencing. GNB3 825 site genotype, body weight, body mass index (BMI) and fat content were examined from 207 subjects and the correlation between GNB3 825 site gene SNP and obesity was analysed. Results The result by real-time fluorescent PCR showed that the frequencies of 825T and 825C haploid were 46.90% and 53.10%, respectively, and the frequencies of 825TT, 825TC and 825CC genotype were 22.38%, 51.42% and 28.10%, respectively, with no other genotype detected, which was consistent with the result by gene sequencing. BMI and fat content were significantly higher in subjects with GNB3 825TT than in subjects with other genotypes. Body weight was much higher in subjects with GNB3 825TT genotype than in subjects with 825CC genotype, but not significantly different with 825CT genotype. Conclusion A new rapid method for the detection of GNB3 825 site SNP has been successfully established. There existed significant correlation between GNB3 825TT genotype and obesity.

Objective To evaluate the nutritional status of iodine of pregnant and lactating women in coastal and inland areas of Zhejiang province,and to provide scientific basis for iodine supplementation.Methods In 2009,five coastal cities,five coastal counties and three inland areas from Zhejiang province were selected by the cluster sampling method,and one sub-district(township) was randomly selected in each city (county),then one community (village) was randomly selected in each sub-district (township).Thirty pregnant women,thirty lactating women and fifty children aged 8 - 10,were randomly selected in each community(village) as the investigation objects to collect instant urine samples to detect urine iodine,and to collect thirty resident edible salt and some water samples to detect salt iodine and water iodine,if the numbers of water source were more than 5 then 1 water sample was collected by their location of east,south,west,north and center in each community(village),otherwise,the numbers of water samples collected were equal to the number of community (village).Results The medians of salt iodine of coastal city,coastal county and inland area were 28.42,25.29,and 33.24 mg/kg,respectively,and the medians of water iodine correspondingly were 5.41,11.52,and 2.80 μg/L,respectively.The medians of urinary iodine of pregnant and lactating women in Zhejiang province were 148.72 and 161.34 μg/L,respectively,which were less than that of children aged 8 - 10(231.02 μg/L,Z =8.57,8.24,all P ＜ 0.017).The medians of urinary iodine in pregnant women from different areas were ranked in order as inland areas(211.42 μg/L),coastal counties (150.51 μg/L) and coastal cities (123.33 μg/L,Z =2.80,5.31,2.42,all P ＜ 0.017),and in lactating women,the medians of urinary iodine in inland areas( 197.43 μg/L) was higher than that in coastal cities( 139.64 μg/L,Z =4.03,P ＜ 0.017).Conclusions The overall levels of iodine nutrition in lactating and pregnant women in Zhejiang province are in the appropriate level,but that of the pregnant women in the coastal cities is inadequate.

Objective To evaluate the nutritional status of vitamin A among urban residents. Methods Using stratified random sampling method,a total of 400 residents from two cities in Zhejiang were selected. They were interviewed by questionnaire,also, the dietary survey, physical measurement and blood sample testing were used. According to Recommended Nutrient Intake( RNI)of vitamin A,to evaluate the intake of Vitamin A and analysis the nutritional status and influenc factors. Results The median of vitamin A concentration was 0. 463( inter-quartile range is 0. 213)μg/mL, and the percentage of severe vitamin A deficiency( VAD ),VAD,insufficiency and adequate serum vitamin A were 0. 25%,0. 50%,6. 75% and 92. 50% respectively. Among 299 individuals who participated in the dietary survey,the median of daily vitamin A intake was 350. 5( inter-quartile range was 351. 5)μgRE. Only 25. 42% of participants' dietary intake of vitamin A met the level of 80% RNI,while 61. 87% of peoples' daily intake of vitamin A under 60%RNI. Male, from the bigger city,older age,high level of triglyceride and more intake of cholesterol may contribute to a higher level of serum vitamin A. Conclusion The majority of urban residents had adequate vitamin A . But the intake of dietary vitamin A still should be paid more attention. Serum vitamin A was associated with age,gender and district.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the therapeutic efficacy of standard antiviral therapy applied after interferon (IFN) treatment failure in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC).

METHODSCHC patients who completed a 48-week course of IFN therapy (pegylated (Peg)-IFNa-2a at 180 mug, qw, ih with or without ribavirin (RBV) at 15 mg/kg/w) in our hospital between January 2009 and June 2012 but who showed no response (at week 48) or who relapsed (at week 72) were enrolled in the study. Prior to initiating the 48-week course of retreatment therapy (Peg-IFNa-2a plus RBV as above), the hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype was detected and the viral load measured (baseline) by PCR of HCV RNA. Each patient's response to therapy was classified as follows: baseline vs. week 4 (rapid virological response, RVR), vs. weeks 12 and 24 (early virological response, EVR), vs. week 48 (end of treatment virological response, ETVR) and vs. week 72 (sustained virological response, SVR).

RESULTSOf the total 235 cases administered retreatment therapy, 60.0% (n = 140) achieved RVR, 77.4% (n = 182) achieved EVR, 83.8% (n = 197) achieved ETVR, 68.0% (n = 68%) achieved SVR, and 15.7% (n = 37) relapsed. Stratification analysis of recurrence (n = 158) and non-responsive (n = 77) sub-groups showed that the recurrence group experienced significantly higher rates of RVR, EVR, ETVR and SVR, but a significantly lower rate of relapse. Stratification analysis of genotype 1b carrier (n = 206) and non-1b carrier (n = 29) sub-groups showed that the 1b carriers had significantly lower rates of RVR, EVR, ETVR and SVR, but a significantly higher rate of relapse. Finally, the patients who achieved RVR (vs. non RVR, n = 95) and EVR (vs. non-EVR, n = 53) showed higher rates of SVR and ETVR.

CONCLUSIONCHC patients who fail to respond to the initial course of standard IFN-based therapy may achieve SVR upon retreatment, especially those infected with the HCV genotype 1b.

Adult ; Antiviral Agents ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Genotype ; Hepacivirus ; genetics ; Hepatitis C, Chronic ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Interferon-alpha ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Interferons ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polyethylene Glycols ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Recombinant Proteins ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Retreatment ; Ribavirin ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Failure

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship between mRNA expression of platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor (PD-ECGF) and invasion of bladder transitional cell carcinoma (BTCC).

METHODSThe mRNA expression of PD-ECGF in BTCC was detected by RT-PCR. The target PCR bands were analyzed by NIH Image 1.62 software.

RESULTSThe mRNA level of PD-ECGF in BTCC was 3.86 times as high as that of normal bladder mucosa (t = 2.36, P < 0.05). The expression level of stage Ta, T1 and T2-4 tumor was 1.33, 4.02 and 7.59 times as high as that of normal bladder mucosa, respectively. That of Grade 3 tumor was 2.27 times as high as that of Grade 1 - 2 tumor (t = 3.52, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe mRNA expression of PD-ECGF was positively correlated with the invasiveness and grade of BTCC. The results suggest that the mRNA level of PD-ECGF might be used as an indicator of tumor progression and a guide for clinical treatment of bladder transitional cell carcinoma.

Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Differentiation ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; RNA, Messenger ; analysis ; Thymidine Phosphorylase ; genetics ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship between the changes of the copy numbers of mtDNA in peripheral blood mono-nucle- ar cell(PBMC) and the disordered of antioxidant capacity of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients.

METHODSThe Ficoll Hypaque method was used to isolate the PBMC from blood specimens. The ND1 gene of the mitochondrial was amplified by real-time PCR; meantime β-actin was served as a quantitative standard marker; the difference of mtDNA copy number in PBMC was compared between HCC and healthy control group. The level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in PBMC was determined by flow cytometry. The change of total antioxidant capacity (T- AOC) of plasma was detected by the biochemistry examination.

RESULTSThe copy numbers of ND1 gene in PBMC of HCC was 73% that of the healthy control group,which suggested a decrease of the copy numbers of mtDNA in HCC. The levels of ROS of PBMC in HCC was (417. 82 ± 110.62) and (301.82 ± 75.54) in control group, which showed that the levels of ROS of PBMC in HCC were significant higher than that in control group (P < 0.01).Plasma T-AOC in HCC was (1.30 ± 0.85), and (3.20 ± 1.62) in control. The T-AOC of plasma of HCC was significantly lower than in control group (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThere was a certain relationship between the decrease of the copy numbers of mtDNA and the disordered antioxidant capacity in hepatocellular carcinoma, which may be associated with the development of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Actins ; Antioxidants ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; blood ; genetics ; Case-Control Studies ; DNA Copy Number Variations ; DNA, Mitochondrial ; genetics ; Humans ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; metabolism ; Liver Neoplasms ; blood ; genetics ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the mRNA expression of platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor (PD-ECGF) in superficial bladder cancer and its significance.

METHODSPD-ECGF mRNA expressions were determined by RT-PCR in 28 cases of superficial bladder cancers and 6 cases of normal bladder mucosa. The relation between PD-ECGF mRNA expression and tumor invasion to lamina propria or recurrence after transurethral resection was also analyzed.

RESULTSSome degree of PD-ECGF mRNA expression was present in all the samples. The PD-ECGF mRNA level was 3.1-fold higher in pT(1) tumors than in normal bladder mucosa (t = 2.13, P < 0.05) and 2.2-fold higher in pT(1) tumors than in pT(a) tumors (t = 2.66, P < 0.05); G(3) tumors expressed 3.3-fold higher PD-ECGF mRNA than normal bladder mucosa (t = 2.44, P < 0.05) and 2.5-fold higher than G(1 - 2) tumors (t = 3.36, P < 0.01). Eleven cases recurred during the mean follow-up period of 18 months. Three-fold higher PD-ECGF mRNA expression was showed in cases who recurred after transurethral resection than that in cases who did not recur (t = 4.49, P < 0.01). The specificity and sensitivity of predicting tumor recurrence were 82.4% and 81.8% respectively using 0.095 as a cutoff value of PD-ECGF mRNA level in this group of superficial bladder cancer.

CONCLUSIONPD-ECGF mRNA expression correlates with tumor dedifferentiation and plays an important role in the early invasion in superficial bladder cancer. To analyze the PD-ECGF mRNA level contributes to the evaluations of tumor differentiation and invasion to lamina propria as well as recurrence prediction in superficial bladder cancer.

Carcinoma, Transitional Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Thymidine Phosphorylase ; genetics ; metabolism ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology

BACKGROUND: Microwave treatment is a common physical therapy method that can increase the temperature and blood circulation of deep tissues, and is used for improving fracture repair. However, microwave treatment cannot be used if there is surgically implanted metal plate or screw. OBJECTIVE: To observe the dame of microwave treatment to the tissues surrounding the titanium alloy implants. METHODS: Forty-four New Zealand white rabbits were randomized into experimental and control groups. The model of the fracture at the middle of the femur was established in all rabbits, and the rabbits in the experimental group were implanted with titanium alloy internal fixation systems. A 30-day microwave treatment (2 450 MHz, 20 W or 40 W, 20 minutes daily) was applied to the fracture site in all rabbits at 3 days after operation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After 20 W of wave microwave treatment, the temperature of tissues around the implants showed no significant increase or severe heat injury. While, 40 W of wave microwave treatment significantly increased the temperature of tissues around the implants and the tissue was damaged severely. Our results indicate that, the low-dosage microwave treatment may be a promising method in the rehabilitation therapy of fractures with titanium alloy internal fixation.

Objective To assess the dietary pattern and quality of residents in Zhejiang province.Methods 21 52 residents aged 1 8 -79 years old were selected using multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method and the data from Chinese nutrition status monitoring project during 201 0 -201 2 was used.The results were evaluated using Chinese diet balance index.Results 41.08% of the residents in Zhejiang province was mild diet imbalance and 50.79% was middle diet imbalance while insufficient and excessive intakes were coexist.Mild and middle insufficient intakes were accounted for 66.1 7%and 27.88%respectively,while mild excessive intake was accounted for 35.55%.The diet balance indexes including DBI-LBS,DBI-HBS and DBI-DQD were 46.00,26.00 and 57.00 respectively.The dietary quality of males,rural areas was lower while residents aged 40 -49 years had the lowest dietary quality.There was positive correlation between dietary quality and degree of education (P<0.05 ).The main dietary pattern of residents in Zhejiang was pattern B (62.41%)following by pattern A (26.44%).Conclusion Insufficient and excessive intakes coexist among residents in Zhejiang province.Male,living in rural areas,people aged 40 -49 years or with lower degree of education should be taken as target intervention subjects.