AIM : To investigate the effects of the new K ATP channel opener, iptakalim (Ipt), on the Parkinsonian symptoms induced by haloperidol in rats. METHODS : Using L -DOPA as the positive drug, the influences of Ipt on latency time, walking time, rearing and grooming of the parkinsonian-like rats induced by haloperidol were observed. RESULTS : Ipt ameliorated hypolocomotion and assuaged catalepsy induced by haloperidol in rats. Moreover, the effects of Ipt ( 0.5 mg?kg -1) were better than those of L -DOPA (100 mg?kg -1). CONCLUSION : Opening of K ATP channels may play a key role in improving Parkinsonian symptoms induced by haloperidol in rats.

OBJECTIVE: To explore an effective approach for clinical pharmacists to provide pharmaceutical care to outpatients.METHODS: Based on our personal experience and the mode of pharmaceutical consultation service in our hospital as well as the case study,the setting up and operational model of drug consultation service for outpatients were introduced.RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS: If requirements on personnel and hardware & software satisfied,setting drug consultation service for outpatients that operated in 5 steps including probing into patient's basic condition and analyzing patient's medication condition etc can greatly enhance patients' medication compliance.

Objective To investigate the safety and feasibility of laparoscopic ELAPE for elderly patients with low advanced rectal cancer.Methods Totally 48 cases patients with low advanced rectal cancer surgery aged over 65 years old were analyzed retrospectively,who come from Beijing Hospital between Jan 2012 and Jan 2015.A total of 26 cases underwent Laparoscopic extralevator abdominoperineal excision (L-ELAPE) and 22 cases underwent Laparoscopic abdominoperineal excision(L-APE).Clinical data including general data,operation time,intraoperative blood loss,complications,pathological data,postoperative in hospitalization were retrospectively analyzed in patients.Results The mean operation time between L-ELAPE and APE group was (312±46)min vs.(245±62)min,mean intraoperative blood loss was(170±74)ml vs.(250± 109)ml,Operative complications was 26.9％ vs.27.3％,harvested lymph node was (16.0 ± 5.8)cm vs.(15.0±7.2)cm,intraoperative bowel perforation(IOP)rate was 0％ vs.18.2％,CRM involvement was 3.8 ％ vs.13.6 ％,mean postoperative hospital stay (days) was (13.1 ± 4.6) d vs.(13.7 ± 6.1) d.The mean operating time of L-ELAPE group was longer and mean intraoperative blood loss was much less than APE group,IOP rate and circumferential resection margin(CRM)involvement were higher in APE group(P＜0.05).Conclusions L-ELAPE is a safe and feasibility alternative approach for elder patients with rectal cancer.It is related with less intraoperative blood loss,IOP rate,CRM involvement and longer operating time contrast with L-APE.

Xiatianwu tablet is based on the theory of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), combined with modern TCM pharmacology and selected 33 famous traditional Chinese crude drugs to compose. Its recipe helps cure rheumatism, relax tendons, promote blood circulation to relieve pain, et al. Although Xiatianwu tablets are widely applied to clinical remedy such as rheumatic arthritis, lumbar disc hernia, osteoarthritis and so on, there is no report about its application in fracture. This article is to observe the efficacy of compound Xiatianwu tablets in elderly patients with osteoporotic distal radius fractures and its impact on the wrist function and complications. 180 elderly patients with osteoporotic distal radius fractures, from January 2011 to June 2014, were divided into observation group and control group by the method of random number table, each group had 90 cases. The control group were gave Caltrate D after manipulative reduction and plaster immobilization, observation group were treated with compound Xiatianwu tablets in the basis of the control group. Efficacy, wrist function and complication rates were observed in two groups after treatment. The excellent and good rate was 95.56% in observation group better than 77.78% in control group, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 4.712, P < 0.05). The complication rate in observation group was significantly lower compared with the control group (P < 0.05). This study shows that compound Xiatianwu tablets can improve the efficacy in elderly patients with osteoporotic distal radius fractures, reduce the incidence of complications and relieve the pain of patients which plays a significant role in improving the quality of life.
Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Fractures, Bone ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Osteoarthritis ; drug therapy ; Radius Fractures ; drug therapy ; Tablets ; administration & dosage ; Treatment Outcome

Objective The rapid development of radiation equipment has put forward higher requirements for protective facil -ities.The aim of this study was to research the radiation protection status of treatment equipment room in thirty -three medical units from East China area , and to put forward corresponding countermeasures to improve the level of radiation protection . Methods The li-cense and archival of X-ray machine, CT, gamma knife, accelerator, after loading therapy machine were surveyed in the thirty-three medical units .The engine room size , wall thickness , lead equivalent of protection doors , and leakage level of equipment were detec-ted.All the data were evaluated and analyzed on the basis of the corresponding national standards . Results ①The inspection pass rates of radiation treatment equipments in the first class hospitals were afterloader (100%), X-ray apparatus(99%), gastrointestinal machine(98%), CT(98%), medical processing accelerator (98%), gamma knife(97%), DSA(94%), PET-CT(94%), ECT (90%), dental engine(84%)and molybdenum target drone (84%).The inspection pass rates of radiation treatment equipments in other class hospitals were medical processing accelerator (100%), X-ray apparatus(91%), CT(89%), gastrointestinal machine (80%), DSA(80%) and (80%) gamma knife.②The qualified rates of the leakage radiation levels of radiation therapy , diagnostic radiology and nuclear medicine were 100%, 99% and 97%. Conclusion The radiation protection of treatment equipments and facilities in thirty-three medical units from East China area needs to be strengthened . We should strengthen supervision , implement the rules and regulations , strictly perform the regulation of radiation protection evalua-tion, and strengthen the training of radiation protection regulations and skills .

Purpose To investigate the influence on shear wave velocity (SWV) by different probe frequency, scanline angle and ROI depth. Materials and Methods The elasticity QA Phantoms was used in the study. First the SWV was measured by curve probe at depths of 1 cm, 2 cm, 3 cm, 4 cm, 5 cm, 6 cm, 7 cm and 8 cm. The scanline angle changed from 0°from midline, 1°-15°, 16°-30°and 31°-45°. Then the SWV was measured again by using line probe at depths of 1 cm, 2 cm, 3 cm and 4 cm. The measured data were analyzed statistically. Results The SWV showed difference by using the two probes (P<0.05). As depth increased, the measurement by curve probe changed from overestimate to underestimate, while the measurement by line probe always showed underestimate from standard value. When the curve probe was used, the angle and depth affected SWV interactively (F=85.87 and 35.96, P<0.01), and had interactive effects (F=17.63, P<0.01). When the scanline angle was within 15°, the angle had little inlfuence upon the measurement. When the scanline angle was 0 °, the measurement was the closest to the standard value at the depth of 4 cm, and the maximum deviation occurred at the depth of 5 cm. The inlfuence of depth upon measurement had signiifcant difference when the line probe was used (P<0.05). The measurement was the closest to the standard value at the depth of 1 cm, and the maximum deviation occurred at the depth of 4 cm. Conclusion Factors like probe frequency, scanline angle and ROI depth can affect the SWV. When the curve probe is used, the accurate measurement occurs at the depth of 4 cm when the scanline angle is within 15°. When the line probe is used, the accurate measurement occurs at the depth of 1 cm.

Objective To find out the cognition understanding of iodine deficiency disorders(IDD) of target population in Xi’an City, and evaluate the effectiveness of a health education project on prevention and control of IDD. Methods By using the random number table, three towns in each project county were selected. Obeying the requirements of the education program for IDD control, the health education activities were implemented during 2007 - 2011. Before and after intervention, questionnaire was used to investigate the intervention effect. The primary school grade 5 students and women of childbearing age were included in the survey of IDD knowledge. Hierarchical random sampling method was used to select pupils and childbearing women. Results After health education, the rate of knowledge on IDD increased from 66.97%(13 321/19 890) to 93.49%(18 610/19 905,χ2 = 4 413.07, P < 0.05) among pupils, and 62.27%(6 193/9 945) to 93.96%(9 361/ 9 963, χ2= 2 924.18, P<0.05) among childbearing women. And the awareness had reached the national standard. But the survey results showed that: the rate of IDD related knowledge in rural areas was lower than that in town areas. The awareness rates of IDD in precaution, main hazards, identification of iodized salt were 46.50%(239/514), 55.25%(284/514) and 50.97%(262/514) among pupils in rural areas and 61.44%(376/612), 65.69%(402/612) and 70.59%(432/612) among pupils in town areas, and the awareness rates of pupils in rural areas were lower than those of pupils in town areas. Thirty-six point ninety-three per cent(226/612) of the pupils in towns and 35.60%(183/514) of the pupils in rural areas told this information to their parents. The awareness rates of IDD in precaution, main hazards, IDD prevention day were 49.25%(197/400), 50.75%(203/400) and 36.50%(146/400) among women in rural areas and 75.44%(298/395), 80.25%(317/395) and 57.97%(229/395) among women in town areas, and the rates of women in rural areas were lower than those of women in town areas. The rate of consciously purchasing of qualified iodized salt was 51.75%(207/400) and the consumption rate of iodized salt was 36.75%(147/400) among women in rural areas, which were 73.42%(290/395) and 43.80%(173/395) among women in town areas, and the rates in rural areas were lower than those in town areas. Conclusions Before health education of IDD, the rate of IDD related knowledge in Xi’an City is poor, rural areas are lower than town areas. Health education project is effective in promoting the understanding and grasp of IDD knowledge.

Objective To evaluate the effects of serum procalcitonin (PCT)-guided antibiotic therapy in elderly patients with early-onset stroke-associated pneumonia (EOP).Methods Totally 179 eligible elderly patients with EOP were randomly devided into 2 groups:standard therapy group (standard group,n=88) and PCT-guided group (PCT group,n=91).Patients in standard group received antibiotics according to antibiotics guidelines in China by the treating physicians.Patients in PCT group were treated with antibiotics for 5 days,then the antibiotic treatment was based on serum PCT levels as follows:discouraged if PCT＜0.25 μg/L and encouraged if PCT≥0.25 μg/L.Length of hospitalization,duration of antibiotics,costs of hospitalization and antibiotics,clinical efficacy,andmortality,National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score and Barthel index (BI) on the 28th day were observed.Results There were no significant differences in clinical efficacy,mortality,NIHSS score and BI between the two groups on the 28th day [(85.7％ vs.86.3％),(8.8％ vs.7.9％),10.1 (7.8,16.2) vs.9.8 (6.0,15.5),60.1(42.5,82.3) vs.57.9 (39.2,84.8),respectively,all P＞ 0.05].The length of hospitalization,antibiotic duration,costs of hospitalization and antibiotics were lower in PCT group than in standard group [19 (10,38) d vs.26(17,42) d,10 (7,14) dvs.15 (6,21) d,3350 (2052,6163) yuanvs.10355 (6877,15421) yuan,7532 (4810,12116) yuan vs.5358 (3089,8144) yuan,respectively,all P＜0.05].Conclusions PCT guidance of antibiotic therapy is effective and safe for the treatment of early-onset stroke associated pneumonia in elderly patients.It can reduce the antibiotic duration and costs of hospitalization.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for formulating related provisions,guidelines and regulations for off-label drug use,standardizing medical behavior in medical health institutions. METHODS:According to the connotation of off-label drug use,Questionnaire for off-label drug use was developed for medical institutions,in which drug name,treatment disease,the type and use evidence ofoff-label drug usewere included. The questionnaires were delivered to pharmacists who participatedClinical phar-macist practice skills training in Sichuan province to collect the related information of off-label drug use for statistical analysis, and suggestions were put forward. RESULTS:Totally 150 questionnaires were sent out,124 were effectively received with effec-tively recovery of 82.7%;the surveyed pharmacists came from 22 medical institutions,including 18 tertiary hospitals and 4 second-ary hospitals;there were 128 information about off-label drug use,including 14 (10.9%) with incomplete reporting information. The another 114 information were major in“super indication”(61) and“super administration”(43),accounting for 53.5% and 37.7%,respectively,and there are 8 other drug overdose(7.0%),2 super object(1.8%). The relevant off-label drug use mainly included anti-infection drugs (34 information,29.8%),anti-tumor drugs (16 information,14.0%),TCM injections (8 informa-tion,7.0%),and etc.;the relative concentration of varieties were metronidazole,dexamethasone,gentamicin,methotrexate, azithromycin,irinotecan,vancomycin,nystatin,etc.. Some medical institutions were absence of effective regulatory measures. CONCLUSIONS:Off-label drug use is quite common in medical institutions of Sichuan province,some of them exist obvious med-ication risk. It is suggested that the state should be as soon as possible to develop related provisions,guidelines and regulations for off-label drug use,endowing legal force for off-label drug use;medical staff should avoid no evidence-based drug use,unreason-able or even unnecessary off-label drug use;pharmaceutical production enterprises should strengthen communication with medical institutions and pay attention to collect information related to the clinical medication,timely update the drug instructions to ensure the legitimate rights for patients and the interests for medical staff.

Objective To compare the effectiveness,correlativity,and acceptability of the three methods:bone marrow smear,biopsy and flow cytometry in diagnosis of lymphoma patients with bone marrow involvement.Methods 68 cases of early stage lymphoma were studied by observing and comparing positive rates of the three methods:bone marrow smear,biopsy and flow cytometry.Results After confirming the bone marrow involvement,the positive rates for the 68 cases using bone marrow smear,biopsy and flow cytometry were 16.2 ％ (11/68),33.8 ％ (23/68) and 10.3 ％ (7/68) respectively.Bone marrow biopsy had the highest positive rate compared to the other methods.It was statistically significant when comparing the differences of the 3 methods (P ＜ 0.05).According to the correlativity analysis of the 3 methods,bone marrow smear and biopsy correlated with each other (P =0.002),while flow cytometery did not (P =0.270).Conclusions Morphological examination of the bone marrow smear is a fundamental method to test bone marrow involvement in lymphoma.Bone marrow biopsy creates the highest positive rate and has clear advantage compared to the other methods,however,bone marrow smear must be used at the same time as a complement.