The dynamic changes of immunoreactivr argininc vasoprrssin (Jr-AVP) contents in the plasma and some tissues in burned rats were observed in this study.Radioimmuno-assay showed that the ir-AVP contents in tho plasma were significantly increased immediately,, 60, 120, 240 min after burn while in the posterior pituitary the ir-AVP content was significantly decreased, suggesting the release of AVP from the posterior pituitary into the plasma in burn shock.The ir-AVP contents in.the hypothalamus, anterior pituitary, pons-medulla oblongata, spinal cord and adrenal gland also displayed changes to different extent under burn shock condition, the significance of which needs further study.

Irreversible electroporation, known as nano-knife, is a newly-developed technology, which can effectively ablate tumor tissues. This technology uses electric pulse to permanently destroy the double phospholipid layer of the cell membrane in the target area, resulting in tumor cell death. Its tumor ablation effect has already been confirmed in animal experiment as well as in clinical study. As this technology has no thermal effect, the adjacent connective tissue matrix such as blood vessels, nerves and biliary ducts will not be damaged. This article aims to make a brief review about its technical principle and apparatus, and its advantages, disadvantages as well as the recent progress in clinical research will also be discussed.

Objective: To study the effects of different varieties of Radix Bupleuri on the absorbance of Caihu Injection.Methods:The absorbances of redistilled liquids of different varieties of Radix Bupleuri were determind.Results: There was a significant difference in absorbance between B. scorzonerifolium Willd and B. chinense DC.Conclusion:The qualities of Bupleurum preparation can't reach the requirement of legal drug standard due to the variation in crude medicinal materials of Radix Bupleuri.So it is necessary that the crude medicinal materials of Radix Bupleuri in Bupleurum preparation of which absorbance needs to determine should be definitely limited.

Objective To understand adolescent's mental stress, coping style and their correlating with emotion. Methods This research, in order to be tried with 5870 middle school students, adopt Mental Stress Questionnaire, Coping Style Scale and Profile of Mood States. Results Compared with male students, female students had higher scores on stress from school work achievement and appearance(P＜0.05) and lower scores on stress from family[(2.04±1.19)vs(2.11±1.25)](P＜0.05),also they had higher sores on extra-coping style[(3.11±0.77)vs(2.77±0.81)](P＜0.01). Compared with lower grade students, higher grade students had higher scores on all mental stress except stress from family, while they had lower scores on extra-coping style (P＜0.01). Stepwise logistic regression analysis indicated that high scores on mental stress and intro-coping style could predict negative emotion (P＜0.01), and extra-coping style could predict positive emotion (P＜0.01).Conclusion The middle school students suffered more stress from school work achievement than from other aspects. Students who differed in sex, grade had significant different scores on mental stress and coping style. Mental stress and coping style could predict adolescents' emotion.

[Objective]To observe whether or not caffeine can improve the cyto-toxicity effect of methotrexate(MTX) on osteosarcoma cell line.[Method]Osteosarcoma cell(OS-732)were incubated with no drug,caffeine,MTX or MTX adding caffeine separately,and were named as control group,caffeine group,MTX group and mixing group respectively.The ratios of cells on G2M phase of each group were measured with flow cytometry after 48 h incubation and the cell inhibition ratios were measured with the MTT colorimetric analysis after 72 h incubation.[Result]The ratios(%)of cells on G2M phase were control group(23.210?0.416),caffeine group(23.120?0.440),MTX group(28.770?0.531)and mixing group(0.105?0.002)(P

Objective:To study the toxicity of 11 dehydrocorticosterone on hippocampal neurons and to determine whether 11? hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11? HSD1) is involved in the neurotoxity. Methods:Western blotting, radiometric enzyme activity assay and MTT assay were employed in this study. Results:Both 11? HSD1 protein and bioactivity were positive in the hippocampal neurons as demonstrated by Western blotting and radiometric enzyme activity assay. At concentration of 10 -6 mol/L, 11 dehydrocorticosterone was neurontoxic to hippocampal neurons cultured in serum free DMEM medium. This neurotoxic effect of 11 dehydrocorticosterone was blocked by 11? HSD1 inhibitor carbenoxolone (CBX) and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) antagonist RU38486, but not by mineralcocorticoid receptor (MR) antagonist spironolatone. Corticosterone and its derivative 11 dehydrocorticosterone up regulated 11? HSD1 level. Conclusion:11 dehydrocorticosterone has toxicity on hippocampal neurons, and it can be blocked by CBX, suggesting 11? HSD1 may convert biologically inactive 11 dehydrocorticosterone to active corticosterone. The up regulation of 11? HSD1 by glucocorticoids in return exaggerates the neurotoxic effect of corticosterone, which may play a positive role in the delayed neuron death during stress.

Objective Understanding current situation of pharmaceutical service before and since the ongoing health reform in community health institutions of China,and providing practical evidences to the government.Methods Adopting some indicators to comparative study the pharmaceutical care in 2008 and 201 1 in community health service institutions of China.Results From 2008 to 201 1, pharmaceutical service quality in general has greatly improved in community health institutions of China. For example,average number of drugs per prescription descended from 2.5 1 to 2.23.Percentage of prescriptions with an antibiotic descended from 43.98 to 32.08.Percentage of prescriptions with a hormone descended from 7.13 to 4.67.Percentage of prescriptions with two or more antibiotics descended from 1 1.24 to 7.31.These four indicators before and since the reform have statistical significance (P values are:0.003,0.001,0.003,0.004 respectively).But there are still inadequacies:from 2008 to 201 1,the average prescription cost descended from 59.63 to 5 1.18 yuan.Percentage of prescriptions with an IV drip descended from 34.84 to 30.41.These two indicators have not statistical significance(P values are 0.182,0.236 ).Conclusion To improve the quality of pharmaceutical service in community health institutions,the government should increase financial input to the community health institutions.

Objective To explore the clinical significance of granuloma in Crohn's disease through the comparison of the clinical features between the groups with and without granuloma.Methods Seventy-five patients,hospitalized in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from 1995 to 2005,were retrospectively analysed.Results Compared with the nongranuloma group,the granuloma group shows increased disease activity,more frequent usage of immunosuppressant,higher operation rate and more postoperation complications.Conclusions Granuloma may be an index of the severity of disease activity in Crohn's disease.

Objective:To observe the effect of thyroid hormones on 11?-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1(11?-HSD1) in newborn rats' hippocampus. Methods: Hypothyroid model was induced with propylthiouracil(PTU, 50 mg/d) in SD rats in the last week of pregnancy and was confirmed by measuring the levels of thyroid hormones and thyrotropin(TSH) in the newborn rats' blood. Western blot was used to determine the expression of 11?-HSD1 in hippocampus in newborn rats. Effects of triiodothyronine(T 3) and synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone(Dex) on expression of 11?-HSD1 in primarily- cultured hippocampus were studied with thin layer chromatography(TLC) and Western blot. Results: Thyroid hormone levels decreased and TSH level increased in the newborn rats' blood. The expression of 11?-HSD1 decreased by 41.6% in the hippocampus of newborn rats born to the mothers treated with PTU. T 3(10 -9 ,10 -8 ,10 -7 mol/L) and Dex(10 -7 mol/L) up-regulated the activity of 11?-HSD1 by 29.4%,45.6%,60.9% and 39.8%,respectively. T 3(10 -9 ,10 -8 ,10 -7 mol/L) and Dex(10 -7 mol/L) increased the expression of 11?-HSD1 protein by 26.0%,43.2%,64.9% and 41.1%,respectively.Synergistic effect of T 3 and DEX was observed in terms of regulating 11?-HSD1: the expression of 11?-HSD1 increased by 123.3% in the hippocampal neurons exposed to both Dex(10 -7 mol/L) and T 3 (10 -7 mol/L) and the activity increased by 114.1%. Conclusion:Thyroid hormone can up-regulate the expression of 11?-HSD1 in the hippocampus during brain maturation either by itself or synergistically with glucocorticoid, thereby enhancing the action of glucocorticoids on the brain.

Objective To investigate the role of phosphorylated Moesin (p-Moesin) in the injury of pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMVECs) of rats induced by tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and to approach the impact of Rac1 signal pathway on Moesin phosphorylation.Methods PMVECs of rats were culturedin vitroand passed on to the third generation, and the TNF-α time-effect experiment, dose-effect experiment and Rac1 signaling pathway intervention experiment were performed respectively. ① Time-effect experiment: PMVECs were stimulated with 10μg/L TNF-α for 0, 15, 30 minutes and 1, 3, 6, 12 hours, and the protein expressions of Moesin and p-Moesin were determined by Western Blot. ② Dose-effect experiment: PMVECs were stimulated with 0, 0.1, 1, 10μg/L TNF-α for 6 hours, and the protein expressions of Moesin and p-Moesin were determined by Western Blot. ③ Rac1 signaling pathway intervention experiment: PMVECs were divided into two parts, which were pretreated with 3 mL Rac1 specific inhibitor NSC23766 (200μmol/L) for 0.5 hour or Rac1 specific agonist O-Me-cAMP (200μmol/L) for 1 hour, respectively, and then incubated with 10μg/L TNF-α for 6 hours. The PMVECs without treatment were served as blank control group, andthose were treated with only O-Me-cAMP, NSC23766 or TNF-α were served as corresponding groups. The protein expressions of Moesin and p-Moesin were determined by Western Blot.Results ① Time-effect experiment results: the expression of Moesin showed no change among all time points after 10μg/L TNF-α stimulated PMVECs. But the expression of p-Moesin was sharply up-regulated at 15 minutes after TNF-α stimulation as compared with 0 minute (p-Moesin/Moesin: 4.399±0.523 vs. 1.000±0.195), peaked at 30 minutes (6.069±0.557), and then gradually decreased after 1 hour (5.005±0.544, 4.599±0.478, 1.742±0.288, 1.503±0.352 at 1, 3, 6, 12 hours, respectively) with significant difference among all time points (F = 15.397,P = 0.002). ② Dose-effect experiment results: no significant change in expression of Moesin was found among all doses of TNF-α incubated with PMVECs for 6 hours. But the expression of p-Moesin was significantly up-regulated after TNF-α stimulation with 0.1μg/L as compared with0μg/L (p-Moesin/Moesin: 2.194±0.430 vs. 1.000±0.273), which showed an upward trend with dose increase in TNF-α (3.201±0.688 and 4.413±0.296 with 1μg/L and 10μg/L TNF-α, respectively) with significant difference among all doses (F = 92.513,P < 0.001). ③ Rac1 signaling pathway intervention experiment results: there was no significant difference in Moesin expression among all the groups. Compared with blank control group, Rac1 specific agonist O-Me-cAMP or Rac1 specific inhibitor NSC23766 alone could not change the expression of p-Moesin, while TNF-α could induce p-Moesin expression. Compared with TNF-α group, the expression of p-Moesin induced by TNF-α was up-regulated by NSC23766 (p-Moesin/Moesin: 2.612±0.355 vs. 1.911±0.297,P < 0.05), and it was attenuated by O-Me-cAMP (p-Moesin/Moesin: 1.928±0.331 vs. 3.030±0.353,P < 0.05).Conclusion The phosphorylation of Moesin is involved in the damage of TNF-α-induced PMVECs in rats, and PMVECs damage could be alleviated by modulating Moesin phosphorylation in the Rac1 signaling pathway.