The reproductive toxicity of environmental estrogens(EEs)has become an extensively studied subject in environmental science and reproductive medicine nowadays.Many epidemiology data and experimental evidences indicated that EEs may significantly cause the disorders of male sex differentiation such as microphallus,hypospadia,cryptorchidism and masculinization behavior disorder and so on.The mechanism includes estrogenic activity,anti-androgenic activity as well as other feedback regulation and signal transmission which influence hormones metabolism.

Objective:To study the new bone formation after distraction osteogenesis (DO) to repair cleft palate (CP) by laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM) and quantitive image analysis. Methods: 20 cats were assigned randomly to 3 groups: Experimental group (15 cats), the CP bone defects in hard palate were corrected with DO repair at the rate of 0.4 mm twice a day, till the transport disc (TD) reached the opposite edge across the defect region. The tetracycline labeling (30 mg/kg) were intramuscularly injected 6 days before specimens retrieval of each 3 cats at 2, 4, 6, 8 and 12 weeks after the completion of distraction. The sections were observed and analyzed by LSCM and quantitive image analysis. The results were then compared with empty control (2 cats) and experimental control group (3 cats). Results: The data showed that active new bone formation were observed in 2 weeks and reached the summit in 4 weeks. The bone formation slowed down through 8 to 12 weeks but still significantly stronger than empty and experimental control groups in which no new bone growth were observed. Conclusion:The hard palate bone defect is eventually reconstructed by DO repair and the distraction gap was filled with active de nove intramembranous osteogenesis. A consecutive dynamic curve of fluorescent labeling deposition implies active bone formation and remodeling is revealed.

Objective This study was designed to study the distribution and developmental changes of 11?\|hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1(11?\|HSD1) in the neonatal rat brain. Methods Immunohistochemistry and Western blot were used to observe the distribution and changes of 11?\|HSD1 protein levels in the neonatal rat brain. Results 11?\|HSD1 protein was highly expressed in all layers of the cerebral cortex as well as all sub\|regions of the hippocampus by immunohistochemistry.Western blot analysis showed that the expression of 11?\|HSD1 protein in the neonatal rat cortex,hippocampus and hypothalamus was higher during the first two weeks of life,but started to fall from 15th day after birth.Conclusion\ The expression pattern of 11?\|HSD1 protein in different brain areas in the neonatal rat suggests that 11?\|HSD1 protein may play an important role in the development and maturation of the brain.\;[

Objective To systemically evaluate the quality of randomized controlled trials(RCTs) of recurrent oral ulcer(ROU) treated by traditional Chinese medicine.Methods The randomized controlled trials of TCM treatment on ROU were retrieved,and the related information from database was retrieved and assessed with Cochrane Handbook.Results Fifty-three articles in 41 journals were found.There were 12 diagnostic criteria and 8 effect criteria.Base-line comparision in 39 articles,blind methods in 3 articles,follow-up survey in 2 articles,adverse reaction in 10 articles,no case loss in all articles were reported.Conclusions The quality of RCTs of TCM for ROU should be improved.

Objective To investigate the clinical curative effect of Milligan‐Morgan and Ligasure blood vessels closed system for conducting mixed hemorrhoidectomy under local anesthesia .Methods 68 inpatients with mixed hemorrhoid in the general sur‐gery department of our hospital from April 2009 to April 2012 were selected and randomly divided into the Ligasure group (observa‐tion group ,34 cases) and the Milligan‐Morgan group (control group ,34 cases) .The operation adopted the local infiltration anesthe‐sia .The postoperative followed up lasted for 6‐36 months .The operation time ,intraoperative blood loss ,total hospitalization cost , postoperative hospital stay time ,postoperative pain degree and the postoperative complications were compared between the two groups .Results The average operation time in the control group and the observation group was (32 .35 ± 10 .24)min and (20 .29 ± 7 .88) min(P=0 .000) ,the average intraoperative blood loss was (29 .71 ± 14 .67)mL and (4 .97 ± 2 .89) mL(P=0 .000) ,the aver‐age postoperative pain score was (5 .88 ± 1 .12) points and (3 .47 ± 0 .83) points(P=0 .000) ,the average postoperative hospital stay time was (7 .97 ± 2 .55) d and (2 .29 ± 1 .17) d(P=0 .000) ,and the average hospitalization expense was (1 541 .32 ± 205 .91) Yuan and (2 872 .32 ± 652 .30) Yuan ,respectively ,the differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P=0 .000) .Dur‐ing the hospitalization period and follow‐up ,the anal exudation rate and the average postoperative pain score in the control group were higher than those in the observation group(P=0 .000) ,the occurrence rate of other complications had no statistically signifi‐cant differences between the two groups .Conclusion The Ligasure operation mode has less intraoperative blood loss ,shorter opera‐tion time and shorter postoperative hospital stay time .

Objective To study the effect and mechanism of Hedyotic diffusa injection in reversing multi-drug resistance of BEL-7402/5-FU cells.Methods The IC50 of BEL-7402/5-FU cells was examined by MTT,apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry,and the content of tyrosine kinase in total protein of tumor cells was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results The IC50 of Hedyotic diffusa injection (6 μL/mL ) combined with 5-FU (636.5 μmol/L)decreased significantly compared with that of 5-FU applied alone (1 071.6 6μmol/L). The reversal on BEL-7402/5-FU was 1.68-fold.After injection of 5-FU plus Hedyotic diffusa ,the apoptosis rate of BEL-7402/5-FU cells was increased significantly and the tyrosine kinases of BEL-7402/5-FU cells decreased significantly.Conclusion Hedyotic diffusa injection plays a certain role in reversing multi-drug resistance of BEL-7402/5-FU cells,which may be related to decreasing their tyrosine kinases.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of endoscopy-assisted percutaneous interventional procedure with a 980-nm laser for the treatment of venous malformations.Methods A total of 167 patients with venous malformation were enrolled,including 102 females and 65 males,whose age ranged from 0.5 to 60 years.Skin lesions occurred on the limbs in 66 patients,on the head and face in 48,on the chest and abdomen in 24,on the back in 13,on the neck in 10,as well as on the scrotum in 6.A 980-nm laser operated at pulse width of 0 ms-2.5 s and pulse energy of 0-20 W with a 400 μm-diameter optical fiber.Puncture was performed after circular infiltration anesthesia around skin lesions,and then the optical fiber was inserted at the same puncture point to directly or indirectly destruct the vascular wall by photothermal effects and thermal coagulation.For deep lesions around important anatomical structures,the interventional therapy was performed with the assistance of endoscopy or ultrasound.According to the size and shape of tumors,these tumors were irradiated back and forth with speeds of 2 cm/s-4 cm/s.The optical fiber was also inserted in different directions in a fan-shaped pattern for 3-5 sessions until tumors were shrunken or even disappeared.The time interval between two treatments was 3 months,and all the patients were followed up for 4 months on average.Results Of the 167 patients,148 (88.6％)were cured,11 (6.6％) markedly improved,4(2.4％) improved,and 4(2.4％) unimproved.The response rate was 97.6％.Totally,159 patients were satisfied with the therapeutic effects after 1 session of treatment,and 8 were improved after 2 sessions of treatment with a time interval of 3 months.In addition,mild postoperative pigmentation occurred in 6 (3.6％) cases,and skin burns in 3 (1.8％) cases.After 3 months,the above symptoms were improved significantly.Two (1.2％) patients had vascular recanalization and residual lesions,but they were improved after reoperation.No adverse reactions were observed,such as bleeding,scar,tendon and nerve injuries,and dysfunction.Conclusion A 980-nm laser percutaneously delivered through an optical fiber is safe and effective for the treatment of venous malformation.

Objective To investigate the expression of platelet-derived growth factor-D(PDGF-D) and bascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) in gastric carcinoma and elucidate the potential relationship between their overexpression and clinical pathological characteristics.Methods Immunohistochemical assay was performed to detect the protein expression of PDGF-D and VEGF in tissues.Semiquantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) was performed to evaluate the mRNA expression of PDGF-D and VEGF in part of random selecting gastric carcinoma samples.The correlation between the expression of PDGF-D and VEGF,and the relationship between the expression of PDGF-D,VEGF and the clinical pathological characteristics were analyzed.Results The protein expression of PDGF-D and VEGF in gastric carcinoma tissues were significantly higher than that in adjacent tissues and normal gastric mucosa(P

Objective To investigate the relationship between the plasma IL-6,ACE level and DVH parameters radiation pneumonitis,and to evaluate its clinical value on the prediction of radiation pneumonitis.Methods 60 patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients with unresectable or unwilling to surgical resection routinely received three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy.Before radiotherapy,radiotherapy beginning 1 week,2 weeks,3 weeks,4 weeks,5 weeks,6 weeks,8 weeks and 12 weeks,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect IL-6 and ACE content.The evaluation of radiation pneumonitis was accordance with the RTOG acute radiation pneumonitis grading standards.The patients with radiation pneumonitis were included in observation group,otherwise as control group.IL-6,ACE and DVH parameters in two groups were analyzed.The DVH parameters includes V20,V20,MLD and NTP.Results Among all the 60 patients,16 cases were diagnosed as radiation pneumonitis,among whom 5 cases occurred in radiotherapy,10 cases occurred within one month after radiotherapy,1 case occurred in two months after radiotherapy,including the 11 cases of grade Ⅱ and the other 5 cases of grade Ⅲ.In the observation group and the control group,expression level of the IL-6 had statistical significance before and after radiotherapy,ACE had significant difference in 2rd,3rd,4th,5th,6th week after radiotherapy (all P ＜ 0.05).V20,V30 and MLD differences were statistically significant between the observation group and control group [(46.2±4.5) ％ vs (30.5±7.5) ％,(37.5±5.6) ％ vs (20.5±5.6) ％,(20.4±2.3) Gy vs (15.5±3.5) Gy,(25.2±8.2) ％ vs (9.9±4.5) ％,all P ＜ 0.05].Conclusion Plasma IL-6,ACE levels,V20,V30,the MLD,and NTP are related to the occurrence of radiation pneumonitis.

Objective To improve the diagnostic accuracy by analyzing the CT manifestations of ovarian cystadenoma .Methods The CT images of 57 patients with 62 ovarian cystadenomas proved by surgery and pathology were studied retrospectively . Results Of 62 ovarian cystadenomas, 26 cases with 31 tumors were serous,another 31 cases were mucinous . Unilocular and multilocular forms were seen respectively in 19(61.3%)and 12(38.7% ) of 31 serous cystadenomas, and in 3(9.7%)and 28(90.3%) of 31 mucinous cystadenomas.22 (71.0%) tumors were benign, and 9(29.0%)were of borderline and/or malignant transformation in 31 serous cystadenomas.23 (74.2%) tumors were benign, and 8 (25.8%) were of borderline and/or malignant transformation in 31 cases of mucinous cystadenomas.Benign cystadenomas were frequently round or oval cysts with thin regular wall and septa.Borderline or malignant transformation cystadenomas demonstrated predominately thick irregular wall or septa with projections.The overall preoperative accuracy of characterization was 48.4% in serous and 77.4% in mucinous cystadenomas.Conclusion Multilocular cystadenomas have the typical CT manifestations and CT is a high valuable procedure for imaging them, whereas unilocular cystadenomas, having similar CT findings with some other benign cystic lesions, are lack of enough characteristic features for CT correct characterization.