It is an important goal of the modern medical education to culture the innovative ability of medical students. In the clinic teaching of thoracic surgery, illuminating innovative thinking, optimizing and recombining teaching contents, flexible utilizing of teaching approach and methods, and innovating practical teaching are in favor of creating the innovative thinking and innovative ability of the students.

Clinical admission assessment on the limitative medical technologies is important content of med-tech admission system.However,current relevant research in China is quite backward,especially those on the ethical assessment research on clinical admission of the limitative medical technologies,which is even vacant at all.The article will analyze the harm of recent ethical absence of clinical admission on the limitative medical technologies from four aspects,including the recognition absence of ethical review,the absence of assessment subjects and their ethical cultivation,the absence of assessment standard,and the absence of a whole-range assessment.It is concluded that a scientific,reasonable,and realistic indexing system of the ethical assessment for clinical admission of the limitative medical technologies is also urgently called for.

Immunocompromised hosts(ICH)is a particular population drawing more current attention with the susceptibility to infections,especially to the opportunistic pathogens.When infections occur in ICH,the mortality increases significantly.The clinical manifestations and radiological characteristics are untypical and non-specific,so the correct diagnosis in good time is arduous.But the rapid and correct diagnosis is primary and principle to lower the mortality of the infections of ICH,so this article aims to generalize the diagnosis phronesis of pulmonary infections of ICH-to elaborate the key points of the assessment and evaluation of ICH;the principle of differential diagnosis of pulmonary infections in ICH;clinical evaluation program of the pulmonary infiltration in ICH. Abstract:Summ ary:Immunocomprom ised hosts(ICH) is a particu lar popu lation draw ing more current attention w ith the susceptib il-ity to infections,espec ially to the opportun istic pathogens.W hen infections occur in ICH,the mortality increases sign ifi-cantly.The c lin icalm an ifestations and rad iological characteristics are untyp ical and non-spec ific,so the correct d iagnosis in good tim e is arduous.But the rap id and correct d iagnosis is prim ary and princ ip le to lower the mortality of the infections of ICH,so th is artic le aim s to generalize the d iagnosis phronesis of pu lmonary infections of ICH-to elaborate the key points of the assessm ent and evaluation of ICH;the princ ip le of d ifferential d iagnosis of pu lmonary infections in ICH;c lin ical e-valuation program of the pu lmonary infiltration in ICH.

?With the deepening study of quercetin, some studies show that quercetin can protect lens, with pharmacological activities such as antioxidation and anti-apoptosis and so on. And they can delay the occurring and developing of cataract. The development and utilization of the quercetin will be expected to be a new means of prevention and treatment of cataract. The article takes in the research progress of that quercetin on the lens with antioxidation, inhibiting aldose reductase and anti- apoptosis and its mechanisms.

Objective To survey the prevalence of the pulmonary function test in Liaoning province and investigate the cognition of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（COPD）patients to the test.Methods One hundred and twenty nine comprehensive hospitals of Grade Three and Grade Two have been included to survey the prevalence of the pulmonary function test by telephone.A cross-sectional study was carried out among 206 COPD outpatients to investigate their cognition to the pulmonary function test.Results The total prevalence of the hospitals with the equipment and ability to do pulmonary function tests was only 51.2%.The prevalence of the hospitals of Grade Three（79.4%）was higher than that of the hospitals of Grade Two（24.2%）.In 206 COPD patients,100 cases（48.5%）had been provided with pulmonary function test,53 cases（25.73%）had been diagnosed as COPD in the past.The patients diagnosed as COPD accounted for 33.8% of all chronic bronchitis patients surveyed.The span during the diagnosis of chronic bronchitis and the definitive diagnosis of COPD was 11.79±10.96 years.Conclusion The prevalence of pulmonary function test in Liaoning province is relatively low,especially in the comprehensive hospitals of Grade Two.Few chronic bronchitis patients received pulmonary function test.Thus the time span from the diagnosis of chronic bronchitis to definitive diagnosis of COPD is long as well.

Objective To study the efficacy of complement depletion with CVF in preventing a-cute rejection after heart allotransplantation in inbred strain rats. Methods Inbred male Lewis rats were used as recipients and Brown-Norway rats as donors, and the heterotopic heart transplantation model was established. The allografts were divided into 2 groups (n=8 in each group). After infusing low-dose CVF 20?g/kg to the CVF-treated group, cardiac allograft survival time was observed on 4 rats of each group. The remaining 4 rats in each group were killed respectively at day 1,3,5 and 6, the pathological grade for acute rejection, the complement activity in serum, the deposition of C3 on tissue, and the extent of infiltration by CD3+ T cells were compared. Results The mean survival time of heart allograft was (11. 69?0. 72) days and (6. 65?0. 35) days in CVF-treated group and control group respectively (P

Objective To investigate the in vitro inhibitory effect of LIGHT on human esophageal carcinoma cells. Methods LIGHT Fc expression vector was transfected into human esophageal squamous carcinoma cell line, Eca109. The inhibitory effect of LIGHT gene on cell growth was detected by MTT and cell growth curve. The expressions of LT?R and HVEM were detected by RT PCR. Results Expression of LIGHT Fc gene could inhibit Eca109 cell proliferation. The growth curve of Eca109/LIGHT was significantly lower than that of the control group in the culture medium containing 1% FCS. MTT test showed that there was significant difference in cell viability between Eca109/LIGHT and the control group ( P

Chronic Disease ; Heart Failure ; metabolism ; Humans ; Phosphorylation ; Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel ; metabolism

Over the past several decades of innovation and development, Ilizarov technique has been widely recognized and applied in correction of limb deformity and post-traumatic sequelae with outstanding clinical outcomes, which making remarkable contributions to the development of orthopaedics. There is no doubt that tissue regeneration induced by tension-stress is the core of Ilizarov technique, and a series of biological cascades contributing to tissue regeneration could be triggered by mechanical stimulation through signal transduction including bone morphogenetic proteins regulations, inflammatory responses and immune responses, angiogenic activities, stem/progenitor cell homing and other systematic effects. One of main limitations of Ilizarov technique is slow rate of new bone mineralization. To facilitate this technique application better in clinical practices, a multitude of researches of means for promoting bone mineralization have become hot spots in this field in recent years, such as physical measures, chemicals and biological therapies. With better understanding of distraction histogenesis for promoting tissue regeneration, transverse tibial bone transport has been increasingly applied to vascular disease management in lower extremity, such as diabetic foot and thromboangitis obliterans. This review focuses on the recent advances in understanding the basic biological mechanisms of Ilizarov technique and new methods for promoting bone consolidation in distraction areas, providing evidence and ideas for further mechanism investigations and approach innovations.

BACKGROUND:Low toxicity of Genipin has certain species and cellspecificity. Biocompatibility of Genipin cross-linked type I colagen with human adipose-derived stem cels is essential for construction of
tissue-engineered adipose.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the bbiocompatibility of Genipin cross-linked type I colagen with human adipose-derived stem cels.
METHODS:Human adipose-derived stem cels were isolated and cultured to the third generation, and the cels were seeded on Genipin cross-linked type I colagen scaffold. MTT assay was used to evaluate the adhesion and proliferation of cels on the scaffold, and the toxic effects of Genipin cross-linked type I colagen on human
adipose-derived stem cels. Optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were utilized to observe the adhesion and growth process of human adipose-derived stem cels on the scaffold as wel as the morphological changes of cels.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Human adipose-derived stem cels could adhere to the scaffold immediately
after seeded and increase gradualy on the scaffold, with the average adhesion rate of 86.5%. Optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy showed that human adipose-derived stem cels adhered wel on the scaffold. The cels increased gradualy over time, and could migrate into the scaffold, and distribute evenly with the passage of time when observed with optical microscopy. The result showed Genipin possesses very low cytotoxicity to the cels, and the outstanding biocompatibility is found between the cels and scaffoldin vitro after cross-linked with Genipin.