OBJECTIVE:To analyze the recent implementation and problem of GAP(Good Agricultural Practice) of Chinese traditional medicinal materials(CTMM). METHODS:The sound development of GAP in recent 10 years were given an affirmation with regard to the improvement of regulations,the progress of GAP authentication,economic achievement,scientific research and training of talents,etc.Meanwhile,the limitations in variety breeding,wildlife tending,wildlife collecting,subsequent monitoring and base organization pattern were analyzed thoroughly,and the solution was put forward. RESULTS & CONCLUSION:There has been a stable development of GAP in China; however,it remains to be improved in regulations,governmental supervising,and developmental model.

Objective To study the effects of hydrogen dioxide (oxygen free radical donator) and vitamin C (oxygen free radical scavenger) on the electric current of large conductance calcium -activated potassium channels (BKCa channels) in isolated outer hair cells in aging guinea pigs .Methods Acute enzyme was used to isolat outer hair cells of aging guinea pigs ,in which of BKCa channel's electric current was observed and recorded by whole-cell recording mode of patch -clamp .After recording the stable and normal electric current of BKCa channels ,added H2 O2 dilution (0 .2 mmol/L) 40 μl in the 2 ml chambers within freshly isolated outer hair cells so that the concen‐tration of H2 O2 in the balneum would be 4 μmol /L .The groups(n=5) received individually vitamin C solution (5 mg/ml) 0 ,10 ,20 ,40μl in the 2 ml chambers within freshly isolated outer hair cells so that the concentration of vi‐tamin C in the balneum would be 0 ,25 ,50 ,100 μg /ml ,observing and recording the effects of different concentration of vitamin C to electric current of BKCa channels .Results ①In the w hole-cell mode of patch -clamp ,the rapid activation and non-deactivation electric current with a string of large amplitude was recorded ,above -40~ -30 mV activation voltage .The electric current increased with the increasing membrane potential .The amplitude in‐creased continuously and performed characteristics of outward rectification .When the concentration of IbTX was 100 nmol /L ,the activity of the channel was completely blocked and confirmed BKCa channel's electric current .②Medication within three minutes ,when VT was +50 mV ,the BKCa channels'the maximum peak current densities of 4 μmol /L H2 O2 group rose from 22 .09 ± 0 .27 PA /PF to 43 .53 ± 1 .09 PA/PF ,amplification was 97 .06% .In H2 O2 4 μmol /L + vitamin C with different concentrations as 25 ,50 ,100 μg/ml groups ,the BKCa channels'elec‐tric current performed about concentration-dependent inhibition ,and electric current's amplitude and peak current density decreased with the increasing concentration of vitamin C ,the I-V curves were reduced .However ,this still could not be recovered to the normal levels .Conclusion The oxygen free radical /BKCa exists in the process .The vitamin C as oxygen free radical scavenger can reverse the process to a large extent .

[Objective] To evaluate the biocompatibility in vivo of Mg alloy AZ91D(AZ0),Mg-Mn-Ce(RE0)and their step anodizational materials(AZ1,AZ2,AZ3,RE1,RE2,RE3)by the experiments of intradermal stimulus and sensitivity response.[Methods]According toGB/T 16886.10-1997 Biological Evaluation of Medical Apparatus and Instrument,compared with normal sodium,pure magnesium and medical Ti-6Al-7Nb,the leaching liquor were injected into cutis to evaluate stimulus response,to evaluate sensitivity response by injection and illinition.[Results]RE2 could not prepare leaching liquor,it's kicked out.Intradermal stimulus response:normal sodium,Ti-6A1-7Nb,AZ1,AZ3 groups inflammation responded as degree I,scored 0.The others inflammation responded as degree Ⅱ,scored 1.Sensitivity response:formaldehyde group inflammation responded as degree IV,erythema and edema were degree IV.Normal sodium group inflammation responded as degree I,erythema and edema were degree 0.Ti-6Al-7Nb,AZ1,AZ3 groups inflammation responded as degree Ⅱ,erythema and edema were degree 1.The others inflammation responses were degree Ⅲ,erythema and edema were degree Ⅱ.[Conclusion]The new kinds of magnesium alloy AZ1,AZ3 possesses good preliminary biocompatibility in vivo,so it is very possible to be a new type of bone surgery implant material.

A description of the implementation strategy and methodology of clinical medicine as a discipline in terms of building clinical technology features, making scientific research centering on clinical questions, building technical and academic branding, and building discipline bases.Authors also emphasized human resource cultivation, and held that the clinical discipline development should be carried out by means of organization and culture management for the discipline.

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of warm needling moxibustion plus tuina in treating knee osteoarthritis (KOA) due to cold-dampness blocking collaterals.
Methods:Forty-eight KOA patients were randomized into 2 groups by their visiting sequence, 24 cases in each group. The treatment group was intervened by warm needling moxibustion plus tuina, while the control group was treated with acupuncture plus tuina. The two groups were both treated once a day, 30 min for each session, 10 d as a treatment course, totally for 3 treatment courses. The visual analogue scale (VAS) and Lysholm knee scoring scale (LKSS) were observed before and after the treatment to evaluate the clinical efficacy.
Results:After 3 treatment courses, the VAS and LKSS scores were significantly changed in the two groups (P<0.01), and the between-group differences were also statistically significant (P<0.01). The markedly-effective rate was 83.3% in the treatment group versus 66.7% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).
Conclusion:Warm needling moxibustion plus tuina can produce a more significant efficacy than acupuncture plus tuina in treating KOA due to cold-dampness blocking collaterals.

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of Qinghuang Powder (QHP) combined Chinese herbs for Pi-strengthening and Shen-reinforcing (CHPSSR) on hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha (HIF-1alpha) in bone marrow mononuclear cells of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) patients.

METHODSChanges of HIF-1alpha in bone marrow mononuclear cells of MDS patients were detected in 25 MDS patients treated by QHP combined CHPSSR using flow cytometry. Meanwhile, 13 healthy subjects were recruited as the control group. Changes HIF-1alpha levels in various serial bone marrow mononuclear cells were detected.

RESULTS(1) Among the 25 patients in the treatment group, there were 19 patients effective and 6 patients ineffective, with the total effective rate being 76%. (2) Compared with before treatment, levels of peripheral blood WBC, Hb, PLT, and ANC significantly increased in the treatment group after treatment, showing statistical difference (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). (3) Compared with before treatment, the HIF-1alpha mean fluorescence intensity was enhanced in bone marrow lymphocytes, monocytes, granulocytes, and nucleated red blood cells of the treatment group after treatment (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Compared with the control group, the HIF-1alpha mean fluorescence intensity was weakened in bone marrow lymphocytes, monocytes, and nucleated red blood cells of the treatment group before treatment; while it was obviously enhanced in granulocytes (P < 0.01). But after treatment the HIF-1alpha mean fluorescence intensity increased more in the granulocytes of the treatment group than in those of the control group (P < 0.01), but there was no statistical difference in bone marrow lymphocytes, monocytes, or nucleated red blood cells.

CONCLUSIONQHP combined CHPSSR could improve HIF-1alpha levels in bone marrow lymphocytes, monocytes, granulocytes, and nucleated red blood cells of MDS patients, thus improving Hb levels of MDS patients, and improving their anemia and correlated symptoms.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Arsenicals ; therapeutic use ; Bone Marrow ; Bone Marrow Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Case-Control Studies ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Monocytes ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Phytotherapy ; Young Adult

Adult ; Aneurysm ; surgery ; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Pacemaker, Artificial

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of mini-invasive multichannel drainage in the treatment of hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage combined with severe ventricular hemorrhage. Methods The clinical data of 76 patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage combined with severe ventricular hemorrhage were analyzed. They were divided into observation group and control group by random digits table method with 38 cases each. The patients in observation group were performed intracranial hematoma catheterized drainage combined with ventricle drainage under CT positioning, and the patients in control group were performed small bone window craniotomy combined with ventricle drainage. The conditions related to surgery and prognosis were compared between 2 groups. Results The operation time, blood loss and hospital stay in observation group were (46.2 ± 25.2) min, (35.4 ± 18.1) ml and (15.2 ± 2.5) d, and those in control group were (108.5±32.5) min, (112.5 ± 35.2) ml and (18.5 ± 3.2) d, there were statistical differences between 2 groups (P<0.01). Two cases died perioperatively in each group. The Glasgow outcome score (GOS) 1 month after operative in observation:9 patients were 5 scores, 19 patients were 4 scores, and the rate of better prognosis was 73.68%(28/38);in control group: 8 patients were 5 scores, 18 patients were 4 scores, and the rate of better prognosis was 68.42% (26/38). There was no statistical difference between 2 groups (χ2 = 0.256, P = 0.613). Conclusions Mini-invasive multichannel drainage is a safe and effective method for hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage combined with severe ventricular hemorrhage, and has the minimal invision.

[Abstract ] Objective The tension-free vaginal tape is the main method for treatment of stress urinary incontinence (SUI). The aim of the present study was to analyze the effect and safety of tension-free vaginal tape ( TVT) and tension-free vaginal tape-obtu-rater ( TVT-O) for female stress urinary incontinence and to sum up the experiences . Methods Clinical data of 142 patients who re-ceived anti-incontinence surgery ( TVT/TVT-O ) between January 2011 and May 2014 were retrospectively analyzed , 111 cases re-ceived TVT and 31 cases received TVT-O.The effect and the complication were analyzed at least 6 months post surgery .Incontinence quality of life ( I-QOL) and organ prolapse/urinary incontinence sexual function questionnaire ( P-ISQ) were used to observe the sub-jective symptoms .One hour pad test value was used to assesse the objective response . Results The effective rate post-TVT/TVT-O was 88.03%, and the cure rate was 95.07%6 months post surgery.In the group of TVT, I-QOL and P-ISQ score were 52.1 ±16.8 and 60.1 ±36.5 at time of pre-operation, and they were 92.1 ±17.1 and 62.2 ±37.8 at time of post-operation, respectively.In the group of TVT-O, they were 61.2 ±15.8 and 57.1 ±36.8 at time of pre-operation, and they were 91.3 ±20.1 and 62.1 ±35.9 at time of post-operation, respectively.Compared with pre-operation, I-QOL and P-ISQ score were obviously rised at time of post-operation ( P<0.05 ). The total incidence rate of surgery complication was 21.83%.And,in proper was urinary tract infection (16.9%),OAB (14.08%), bladder injury(11.26%), retention of urine(7.74%), nerve pain(2.81%), retropubic hematoma(1.41%), urethral injury(1.41%).All patients′surgeries were successful except three cases.One patient was cured after reoperation .The other two was improved with dislodge sling urinary incontinence . Conclusion TVT/TVT-O was a highly effective and safe method in the treatment of SUI .But we should not ignore the complications;the timely and effective treatment measures could improve the operation rate of success .

Objective To investigate the present status and developments of Chinese military neurosurgery, make an objective analysis about the achievements and deficiencies, and propose a developing trend for the field of Chinese military neurosurgery. Methods The scientific literatures of neurosurgery published domestically and abroad in recent 5 years were partially reviewed. The advances and achievements in basic researches and clinical works of neurosurgery acquired during the period of the 11th Five Year Plan were analyzed. Results During the period of the 11th Five Year Plan, Chinese military neurosurgery was still in the lead position in traditional areas such as traumatic brain injury. In the meantime, great achievements were obtained in the researches of brain and spinal cord tumors, endovascular treatment and functional neurosurgery, and 47 items of Army Science and Technology Advancement Prizes or Military Medical Achievement Awards were acquired. A great progress was made in personnel training. However, unbalanced development in neurosurgery field still existed within military departments, between military and civil departments and between different regions, so an enhanced technical interchange and cooperation is needed. Conclusions On the coming period, the research work of military neurosurgery should focuse on basic and clinical research of gene therapy to keep in step with neurosurgical trends in the world. On the other hand, attention should be paid to technological innovation with military features such as professional and general treatment of traumatic brain injury and researches on the development of protective equipments.