Goal: Thoracic surgery usually used for anesthesia double lumen endotracheal tubes, then ventilatedone lung.Methods: The clinical records of the 160 cases patients who had double-lumen endotracheal tubes toplace in National Cancer Center of Mongolia (this structure starts from the inferior part of the larynxin the neck, opposite the 6th cervical vertebra, to the intervertebral disc between Th4-5 vertebrae inthe thorax, where it divides at the carina into the right and left bronchi). Inpatients during one lunganesthesia done 2012- and 2014 were reviewed. All cases were performed high Level thoracic epiduralcatheterization and put double lumen tube for jugularinternal vena. Double-lumen endotracheal tubesare not meant for postoperative ventilation. In addition, because of their significantly larger size andstiffness, they have a higher propensity for trauma after insertion, which may result in postoperativehoarseness or vocal cord lesions.Results: We are reporting 2012- 2014 anesthesia department at National Cancer Center. In our studyinvolved all 160 open thoracic surgery cases with DLT. In study had anesthesia tidal volume7.77+1.07ml/kg, one lung volume 5.87+0.46 ml/kg, the women DLT size 33.43+7.25Fr, deep 27.68+2.47 cm, manDLT size 37.09+7.69cm, deep 28.43+2.6 cm. During anesthesia monitored averageSaO2-95%+1.07,in analyzed arterial blood average SpO2- 92.605 %+5.69 (p<0.032).Conclusion: One lung anesthesia separating two lungs by double lumen tube (DLT) – the advantagesof the method are allowing surgeons to operate safely in collapsed side of lung; there are a few reportsof airway damages. The bronchoscopy procedure is in need to use during the alloperations. Other typesof separation tube are required to be (especially in children) introduced.

Background: Wound healing mechanisms still unclear. Wounds are physical injuries that result in an opening or breaking of the skin. Proper healing of wounds is essential for the restoration of disrupted anatomical continuity and disturbed functional status of the skin. This is a product of the integrated response of several cell types to injury. Wound healing is a complex process that results in the contraction and closure of the wound and restoration of a functional barrier.Goal: The purpose of this study was to determine burn wound healing activity of Calvacin. Materials and Methods:We used in study as colored reaction thin layer chromatography (TLC) and UV-spectrophotometer methods to determine active compounds in the three component drug "Calvacin".In research were inducted 20 healthy white mice and 40 rats. Investigation was based and implemented at scientific research laboratory of Traditional Medical Science Technology and Production Corporation and Institute of Veterinary medicine of pathological laboratory. The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Ministry of Health.Results:Results of the phytochemical investigations showed that contained in the new drug "Calvacin" determined the presence of bioactive substances such as flavonoids, saponin, tannin, curcuminoids, organic acids and minerals. Substance was absorbed 25.7% in 40 grade ethanol, 27.1% in 70 grade, 22.2% in 96 grade and 19.6% in sterile water. We was established quality quantities of Calvacin in the drug amount summary flavonoids 1% and determined by UV spectrophotometer method. Proceeding from the absorption maximum of the substances analyzed the wave length of detection was determined as 370nm. In the result of mineral study of the "Calvacin", Ca^2.3%, P-6.17%, K-5.58%Burn wound healing time is control group 35±0.1 days, on 26±0.1 day animals of Calvacin group, but animals of Vishinski's ointment group 33±0.1 (p<0.05).Conclusions:1. The phytochemical investigations contained in the "Calvacin" drug determined the presence of bioactive substances such as flavonoids, saponin, tannin, curcuminoids, organic acids and minerals.2. Calvacin preparation has less toxic and significantly stimulate experimentally induced wound contract.

Thoracic surgery usually used for anesthesia double lumen endotracheal tubes, then ventilated one lung in NCC of Mongolia The clinical records of the 160 cases patients who had double-lumen endotracheal tubes to place in NCC of Mongolia. In patients during one lung anesthesia done 2012- 2014 were reviewed. All cases were performed high level thoracic epidural catheterization and put double lumen tube for jugular internal vena We are reporting 2012- 2014 anesthesia department at National Cancer Center of Mongolia. In our study involved all 160 open thoracic surgery cases with DLT. In study had anesthesia tidal volume 7.77+1.07ml/kg, one lung volume5.87+0.46 ml/kg, the Mongolian women DLT size 35.43+2.25Fr, deep 27.68+2.47 cm, Mongolian man DLT size 37.09+4.69cm, deep 28.43+2.6 cm. During anesthesia monitored average SpO2-95%+ 1.07,in analyzed arterial blood average SaO2- 92.65 %+ 5.69. (p<0.032) One lung anesthesia separating two lungs by double lumen tube (DLT) – the advantages of the method are allowing surgeons to operate safely in collapsed side of lung; there are a few reports of airway damages. The bronchoscope procedure is in need to use during the all operations in Mongolia. Other types of separation tube are required to be (especially in children) introduced. In the future lungs, esophagus, mediastinal tumors and heart, spine and vascular surgery need double lumen tube to global standards anesthesia widely available in Mongolia. The thoracic anesthesia use double lumen tube outside the epidural anesthesia decided that it can be combined with postoperative pain control. Correct technique of placing the double lumen tube one lung anesthesia surgical team and the shortness of time and the surgical risk patients with post-surgical complications and reduce mortality is of high importance in Mongolia. In our study is a dominant decided that it was linked to smoking habits

Backgroundin 2009 we have been done the laparoscopic nephrectomy in the patient with left kidney cancer. In Urologyand Andrological center of State central hospital we have been done the urological laparoscopic surgerywhich is 0.32% of all surgery from 2010 to 2016. Following such increasing number of laparoscopicsurgery in urology we aimed to study surgical approach’s efficiency between open and laparoscopic forkidney cyst.Material and MethodsSince 2012 in surgery for kidney cysts studies case series models the center UNTE urology andandrology center based on clinical cases 34. Renal cysts with her open and laparoscopic surgicaladmissions bed days, wound size, surgery time, the average number of parameters such as size of thecyst value, standard deviation, median values, the high and low values expressed are compared.ResultIn our study includes 34 patients who was undergo the kidney cystectomy by open or laparoscopictechnique and ages between 18-68 (average age 48.1±12.07). 20 of them female and 14 of them malepatients. 18 of them were undergone laparoscopic cystectomy and 16 were undergone open surgery.Our study show that the cyst size is 2.5-10cm (average size 6±1.7) and there is no statistical correlationbetween cyst size and surgical types. The laparoscopic kidney cystectomy procedure lasts around 55-130min (average duration 93.1±23) which is 26 min longer than open cystectomy. The patient who wentto laparoscopic surgery their hospital staying duration is 2 fold less than the patient who went to opensurgery. Post operation surgical wound long is 4±0.8cm in laparoscopic surgery and 20.1±2.8 in opensurgery and therefore 5 times less in laparoscopic surgeryConclusionEven though the laparascopic kidney cystectomy’s procedure duration is longer than open technique, ithas less hospital staying duration, small surgical wound and fast rehabilation time.

However, the use of robots in medicine has only 30 years of history. The application of robots in surgery originates from the need of modern man to achieve two goals: the telepresence and the performance of repetitive and accurate tasks. The first ‘‘robot surgeon’’ used on a human patient was the PUMA 200 in 1985. In the 1990s, scientists developed the concept of ‘‘master–slave’’ robot, which consisted of a robot with remote manipulators controlled by a surgeon at a surgical workstation. Despite the lack of force and tactile feedback, technical advantages of robotic surgery, such as 3D vision, stable and magnified image, Endo Wrist instruments, physiologic tremor filtering, and motion scaling, have been considered fundamental to overcome many of the limitations of the laparoscopic surgery. Since the approval of the da Vinci robot by international agencies, American, European, and Asian surgeons have proved its factibility and safety for the performance of many different robot-assisted surgeries.
Comparative studies of robotic and laparoscopic surgical procedures in general surgery have shown similar results with regard to perioperative, oncological, and functional outcomes. However, higher costs and lack of haptic feedback represent the major limitations of current robotic technology to become the standard technique of minimally invasive surgery worldwide. Therefore, the future of robotic surgery involves cost reduction, development of new platforms and technologies, creation and validation of curriculum and virtual simulators, and conduction of randomized clinical trials to determine the best applications of robotics.

BackgroundThere are 137 soums of 17 provinces have plague foci in Mongolia. The 51.7% of them is case, 23.4%- low, 9.5% - high, 0.7% - hyper active. Main host of plague foci is marmot in Mongolia. According last20 year’s surveillance study, about 75.5% of Y.pestis was isolated from marmot, marmot carcassesand their flea. Human plague cases has been caused illegal hunting marmot in Mongolia. Even legaldocument which prohibited marmot hunting was appeared since 2005, people has been hunting marmotfor selling marmot meat, skin and other products. It is depends economy crises and other public issues inMongolia. Also influenced increase risk of human plague and being reverse result in plague preventionactivities.Materials and MethodsStudy was used data of rodent for zoonotic diseases suspicious which tested plague in National centerfor zoonotic disease (NCZD) in 2005-2015 and 13 local center for zoonotic diseases in 1988-2015. Datawas kept in NCZD and National archival authority. For mapping we used Arc View 3.2.ResultsTotally 397 event information of suspicious rodents and other animals was received in NCZD from 8 districtsof Ulaanbaatar city in 2002-2015. Most of information was received from Songinokhairkhan-64.2%district and smallest number was from Nalaikh district-0.3%. 92.2% of them were marmot, 0.1% of themwere marmot raw products for treatment purpose. Totally 1285 animal samples were tested by plaguedisease and the result was negative. Five hundred thirty tree marmots were carried to Ulaanbaatar from10 provinces. In that time plague foci were active and Y.pestis was isolated in provinces which marmotwas carried to Ulaanbaatar.In 1988-2015, totally 257 marmots and animals of 515 event information was received in15 provinces.Including 13.2% of them were birds, 84% of them marmot, 1.6% of them were livestock, 1.2% of themother animals. About 216 marmots were tested by plague. 51.2% of them were detected positive results.We develop conclusion based laboratory investigation result even it need high cost to take earlyprevention and response measures.Conclusion1. It is high risk to spread plague by carrying suspicious animal in urban area. Therefore, it is importantto take early response measures even it high cost. In further, increase cost and support rapid test ofhigh technology.2. To organize rational advertisement and increase knowledge of population about not doing illegalhunting, not selling marmot raw products in urban area, not using marmot raw products for treatmentuse and avoid contact with marmot carcasses.3. It is important to cooperate joint response measures with policeman, inspection agency andveterinary and human health sectors in Mongolia.

Background: To investigate the pharmacological actions ofthree groups of drugs containing: Plantago major L. extract, Calendula officinalis L. extract,or mixtures of both. The three investigational drugs were compared to Omeprazole, a standard drug produced in Bulgaria, which inhibits thereleaseof enzymesof the secretary cellsof the mucous membranesof the stomach.[1]Materials and Methods:The effects of the medicinalsubstances were investigated on “Wistar” breed of white rats. Pathological model of ulcers wasformed by injecting the rats with 10% acetic acid./ Okabe, Koth.S1978 /. [2] The experimental animals were given either of the three versions of the new herbal medicine and compared to the rats given Omeprazole. After treatment the ulcer index, MDA and sialic acids in the serum were determined. [3]Result: The results showed that in the third day of the investigation, the sialic acid levels in the blood of the test group, which was given the mixture of the two plants, was significantly reduced (p<0.05) compared to the control group.Conclusion:This indicates that medicinal substances given to the rats, whichcontained the mixture of Plantago major L. and Calendula officinalis L. has accelerated the regeneration of the stomach, decreased the stomach cell damage and overall has antioxidant protective effects.Key words: Stomach, gastric ulcers, acetic acid, sialic acidReferences:1. алтанцэцэг а, амбага м. амьтнû гаралтай зарим бэлдмэлийн ходооднû салст бүрхүүлийн гэмтлээс хамгаалах идэвхи. “монгол туургатнû уламжлалт анагаах ухаан” оу-ûн эрдэм шинжилгээний бага хурлûн илтгэлийн хураангуй уБ .1995, х 40-43.2. Okabe S. Koth J.L and others. “Amer.jour. dig,dis,1971, vol16. pp.277-2893. стальная и.д и др. методопределения мда с помошью тиобарбитуровой кислотû. совр. методû биохимии.м, 1977, с 66-68.

BackgroundTo investigate the pharmacological actions of three groups of drugs containing: Plantago major L. extract, Calendula officinalis L. extract, or mixtures of both. The three investigational drugs were compared to Omeprazole, a standard drug produced in Bulgaria, which inhibits the release of enzymes of the secretary cells of the mucous membranes of the stomach.Materials and MethodsThe effects of the medicinal substances were investigated on “Wistar” breed of white rats. Pathological model of ulcers was formed by injecting the rats with 10% acetic acid (Okabe, Koth.S 1978).The experimental animals were given any of the three versions of the new herbal medicine and compared to the rats given Omeprazole. After treatment the ulcer index, MDA and sialic acids in the serum were determined.ResultThe results showed that in the third day of the investigation, the sialic acid levels in the blood of the test group, which was given the mixture of the two plants, was significantly reduced (p<0.05) compared to the control group.ConclusionThis indicates that medicinal substances given to the rats, which contained the mixture of Plantago major L. and Calendula officinalis L. has accelerated the regeneration of the stomach, decreased the stomach cell damage and overall has antioxidant protective effects.

There are many treatment options for the management of ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO). Open pyeloplasty has a high success rate and has been considered as a gold standard. Minimally invasive surgical techniques are associated with reduced morbidity, improved cosmetic result and better convalescence than open pyeloplasty. For endopyelotomy, these advantages for minimally invasive surgery such as laparoscopic pyeloplasty and robot assisted pyeloplasty have superior success rate than open pyeloplasty. However, the success rate for laparoscopic surgery could potentially be improved by careful selection of patients, using the criteria of stricture <2 cm, renal function >25% and the absence of severe hydronephrosis. Laparoscopic pyeloplasty and robot-assisted pyeloplasty have similar success rates to open pyeloplasty (>90%) and the best outcomes have been reported for robot-assisted pyeloplasty although this treatment option is less readily available than laparoscopic pyeloplasty. Retrograde endopyelotomy is a simple, safe, and effective therapeutic option for primary and secondary symptomatic UPJO.
Retrograde endopyelotomy should be considered a viable first-line treatment option for the management of patients with UPJO. These include balloon dilation, antegrade endopyelotomy, retrograde endopyelotomy, Acucise endopyelotomy and laparoscopic pyeloplasty. During last decade, advances in endourological techniques have resulted in significant progress in the development of minimally invasive surgical procedures to treat UPJO.
Surgeons described their modification of Kusters dismembered procedure that involved anastomosis of the spatulated ureter to a projection of the lower aspect of the pelvis after a redundant portion was excised. Laparoscopic pyeloplasty was first reported in 1993 both by Schuessler and others and by Kavoussi and Peters, who utilized dismembered pyeloplasty technique. During last decade, advances in endourological techniques have resulted in significant progress in the development of minimally invasive surgical procedures to treat UPJO. The combination of less postoperative morbidity, improved cosmesis, shorter convalescence and comparable operative success rates has lured many patients away from gold standard of open pyeloplasty. Only few retrospective studies have been conducted regarding laparoscopic versus open pyeloplasty. Success rates are comparable for laparoscopic pyeloplasty.
The number of minimally invasive surgeries performed by us increased from year to year. Therefore the characteristics and performance of the surgeries should be studied in detail and based on the finding the evidence based medicine should be placed in.

Background: An aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term functional outcomes of laparoscopic ureteropyeloplasty compared to that of open surgery at the Urology and Andrology Center of the First Central Hospital of Mongolia. Ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) is the most common site for upper urinary tract obstruction occurring 1 in 750 - 1500 births. Laparoscopic pyeloplasty was first reported in 1993 by Schuessler WW and its technique was dismembered pyeloplasty. Material and Methods: In the period from June 2018 to September 2019, we have operated 91 ureteropyeloplasty cases. Patients were randomized into Group I (45 laparoscopy) operated by the laparoscopic ureteropyeloplasty and Group II (46 open surgery) operated by the open ureteropyeloplasty. All the patients had ureteropelvic junction obstruction and ureteropyeloplasty was performed. Both groups were compared according to the operative time, and recovery duration. We studied restoration of renal function and causes of conditions. Demographic data including age, gender and complications were recorded. Renal diethylenetriamine penta-acetate scintigraphy was respectively performed 6 months after surgery. Results: Mean age was 32±12.05 ranging 16-62 in all the study population. A total of 91 (55 men and 36 women) were participated. Ureteropelvic junction stricture was occurred 75.66% in laparoscopic cases and 84.78% in open cases which leads to hydronephrosis and it was statistically different (p<0.028). Compared to that of open surgery, wound size was 6 time smaller, blood loss and hospital stay less than 2 fold and wound healing is 5 days shorter than open surgery. There was statistical different (p<0.001) between parameters of 2 groups. In laparoscopic and open group respectively, renal function was 41.78±10.02ml/min, 42.15±11.34 ml/min (1.73м2). After intervention, renal function was increased by (46±10.17ml/min, 46.09±11.50ml/min) and there was difference between 2 groups (p<0.003). In laparoscopic group, renal function was more improved than open group (p=0.05). Conclusion Laparoscopic surgery had less blood, less analgesics usage, fewer hospital stays, and faster wound healing. Renal function was improved 6 months after surgery.