Objective:T explore the longitudinal mediation of emotional labor and emotion regulation between occupational stress and job burnout in cinema employees.Methods:This study was a two-point longitudinal study (Interval of 2 months) with the 1067 employees from 44 city cinemas across the country as the sample,using the Emotional Labor Questionnaire (ELQ) to measure the degree of emotional labor,Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) to measure the degree of emotion regulation,Occupational Stress Indicator-2(OSI-2) to measure the degree of occupational stress,Maslach Burnout Inventory(MBI) to measure the degree of job burnout and Job Satisfaction Scale to measure the degree of job satisfaction.A series of structural equation model analyses was conducted for data analyses.Results:The scores of expression suppression were negatively correlated with scores of occupational stress (r =-0.16,P ＜0.01),and positively correlated with the scores of job satisfaction (r =0.17,P ＜0.01).The structural equation model which include the scores of occupational stress as the predictive variable,the scores of emotional labor and emotion regulation as the mediator,the scores of job burnout and job satisfaction as the outcome variable fit well.Emotional labor (surface acting and deep acting) acted as a mediator between occupational stress and job burnout(95 ％ CI:0.03-0.05;0.02-0.05).Emotion regulation (cognitive reappraisal) acted as a mediator between occupational stress and job bumout(95％ CI:0.01-0.03).Conclusion:Emotional labor and emotion regulation acted as a mediator between occupational stress and occupational outcomes.Expression suppression has positive effect in Chinese culture.People who well in using cognitive reappraisal can lead to positive work effect througgh more deep acting and less surface acting.

Electrocardiography ; Humans ; Myocardial Ischemia ; physiopathology

Objective To investigate the correlation of variations of ABCB11 gene and primary intrahepatic stone (PIS).Methods The retrospective case-control study was conducted.The clinical data of 319 patients with PIS and 344 healthy controls who were admitted to the Southwest Hospital of the Third Military Medical University between December 2012 and December 2015 were collected.Three hundred and ninteen patients with PIS and 344 healthy controls were respectively allocated into the PIS and control groups.Twenty-seven exons in ABCB11 gene were detected via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sanger sequencing.Observation indicators included:(1) variations and genotype frequency distribution of ABCB11 gene in the 2 groups;(2) correlation analysis between variations of ABCB11 gene and clinical data of patients with PIS:preoperative indicators of liver function test,recurrent episodes of cholangitis,preoperative obstructive jaundice,type and recurrence of stones.Comparison between groups in variations and genotype frequency distribution of ABCB11 gene was analyzed by the Logistic regression.The Kruskal-Wallis H test was performed to explore the correlation between genotype of ABCB11 gene and clinical test results of patients with PIS.Correlation between genotype of ABCB11 gene and clinicopathological data of patients with PIS was analyzed by the chi-square test.Results (1) Variations and genotype frequency distribution of ABCB11 gene in the 2 groups:whole-exome sequencing results showed that synonymous mutations of rs3815675,rs2287616 and rs497692 and missense mutations of rs2287617,rs2287622 and rs118109635 in the PIS group were respectively detected in exon 4,9,24 and 9,13,21.CT genotype frequency of rs118109635 was 4.70％(15/319) in the PIS group and 1.45％ (5/344) in the control group,respectively,with a statistically significant difference [OR=3.49,95％ confidence interval (CI):1.17-10.40,P＜0.05].GG and AG+GG genotype frequency of rs497692 were 46.08％ (147/319),87.46％ (279/319) in the PIS group and 37.79％ (130/344),79.36％ (273/344) in the control group,respectively,with a statistically significant difference (OR=1.73,1.65,95％ CI:1.05-2.83,1.04-2.61,P＜0.05).(2) Correlation analysis between variations of ABCB11 gene and clinical data of patients with PIS:levels of glutamyl-transpeptidase (GGT),alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and direct bilirubin (DBil) in the PIS group were 167 U/L (range,7-1 968 U/L),166 U/L (range,36-1 527 U/L),4 μmol/L(range,1-272 μmol/L) in the CC genotype of rs118109635 and 433 U/L(range,17-864 U/L),232 U/L (range,85-613 U/L),6 μmol/L(range,2-173 μmol/L) in the CT genotype of rs118109635,respectively,with a statistically significant difference (H=6.025,5.879,8.056,P＜0.05).Globulin level of PIS group was respectively 32 g/L (range,20-40 g/L),34 g/L(range,17-50 g/L) and 33 g/L(range,14-49 g/L) in the AA,AG and GG genotype of rs497692,respectively,with a statistically significant difference (H=12.119,P＜0.05).Of 81 patients with recurrence of PIS,GG and GA genotypes of rs2287617 were detected in 78 and 3 patients,respectively,with a statistically significant difference (x2=5.367,P＜0.05);TT,TC and CC genotypes of rs2287622 were detected in 12,39 and 30 patients,respectively,with a statistically significant difference (x2=6.153,P＜0.05).Of 127 patients with obstructive jaundice,116 and 11 patients had CC and CT genotypes of rs118109635,respectively,with a statistically significant difference (x2=7.381,P＜0.05);11,43 and 73 patients had AA,AG and GG genotypes of rs497692,respectively,with a statistically significant difference (x2 =11.364,P＜0.05).Conclusion There is a correlation between rs118109635 and rs497692 of ABCB11 gene and PIS,meanwhile,the above variation loci are associated with obstruction of biliary tract and cholestasis.

The design space of the high shear wet granulation process was established and validated within the framework of quality by design (QbD). The system of microcrystalline cellulose-de-ioned water was used in this study. The median granule size and bulk density of granules were identified as critical quality attributes. Plackeet-Burmann experimental design was used to screen these factors as follows: dry mixing time, the impeller and chopper speed of dry mixing, water amount, water addition time, wet massing time, the impeller and chopper speed of wet massing and drying time. And the optimization was implemented with the central composite experimental design based on screened critical process parameters. The design space of the high shear wet granulation process was established based on the quadratic polynomial regression model. Since the P-values of both models were less than 0.05 and values of lack of fit were more than 0.1, the relationship between critical quality attributes and critical process parameters could be well described by the two models. The reliability of design space, illustrated by overlay plot, was improved with the addition of 95% confidence interval. For those granules whose process parameters were in the design space, the granule size could be controlled within 250 to 355 μm, and the bulk density could be controlled within a range of 0.4 to 0.6 g x cm(-3). The robustness and flexibility of the high shear wet granulation process have been enhanced via the establishment of the design space based on the QbD concept.
Cellulose ; chemistry ; Reproducibility of Results ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Water

Objective To establish pulmonary acute lung injury(ALI)model in rats.Methods ALI model was induced in rats by intratracheal Escherichia coli injection[3 ml/kg,O111B4,(4.0～6.0)×1012 CFU/L].Mechanical ventilation was applied 12,24,36,48 and 72 h after Escherichia coli injection,PaO_2/FiO_2 and dynamic compliance were recorded,and the normal control group was also subjected to mechanical ventilation.After the experiment,lungs were fixed with formalin to perform pathological examination.Results At 12,24,36,48 and 72 h,the PaO_2/FiO_2 were(30.71±7.95)kPa,(21.66±5.34)kPa,(21.09±4.75)kPa,(25.01±8.78)kPa and(33.82±8.02)kPa,respectively,which were significantly lower than that in the normal control group(63.82±3.03)kPa(P＜0.01).At 12,24,36,48 and 72 h,the Cdyn were(4.23±0.13)ml/(kg·kPa),(4.19±0.96)ml/(kg·kPa),(4.28±0.69)ml/(kg·kPa),(4.44±0.62)ml/(kg·kPa)and(4.58±0.35)ml/(kg·kPa)respectively,which were significantly lower than that in the normal control group(8.16±0.78)mL/(kg·kPa)(P＜0.01).At 12,24,36,48 and 72,the percentage of ALI was 71.4%,100.0%,100.0%,83.3%and 57.1%respectively,and the percentage of ARDS was 28.6%,85.7%,83.3%,66.7%,14.3%respectively.As for pathological examinations,predominance of alveolar collapse,fibrinous exudates,alveolar wall edema and neutrophil recruitment into the alveolar space was observed.Hyaline membrane formation was found.At 72 h,inflammation was relieved.Conclusion We successfully established pulmonary ALI/ARDS model in rats induced by intratracheal Escherichia coli injection,and acquired some useful information by observing the lung function and morphological changes at different time points.

AIM: To investigate the effects of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) on cultured anoxic-reoxygenation human umbilical vein endothelial cells. METHODS:In the present experiment, an anoxic-reoxygenation model was established by using cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells. The uptake rate of trypan-blue and calcium and magnesium contents of endothelial cells and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in medium and malondialdhyde (MDA) content of endothelial cells were measured 60,120 and 180 min after anoxia and 30 and 60 min after reoxygenation, and the effects of 1?10 -8 mol/L CGRP on anoxic-reoxygenation endothelial cells were studied. RESULTS: The findings showed that, as anoxia prolonged, the uptake rate of trypan-blue and LDH activity and MDA content gradually elevated and, during reoxygenation, these parameters sharply increased. Calcium and magnesium levels gradually declined as anoxia prolonged, and during reoxygenation calcium content significantly increased. Meanwhile, 1?10 -8 mol/L CGRP might significantly reduce the uptake rate of trypan-blue and LDH activity and MDA content during anoxia and reoxygenation and lessen the increase in calcium content and the loss of magnesium during reoxygenation. CONCLUSION: These results showed that CGRP might have a direct protective function to endothelial cells afflicted with anoxic-reoxygenation injury by inhibiting lipid peroxidation, attenuating calcium overload and loss of magnesium and enzyme.

Objective To optimize the formulation of the sunscreen used in military training.Methods The different formulations of sunscreen were prepared according to the orthogonal design,and then applied on 3M adhesive tape posted on the color dish with a certain amount;the absorbance in 280 nm-320 nm and 320 nm-400 nm of them were measured and the arithmetic mean (A) was concluded.By comparing A,the protective effect and the main factors affecting preventive bask were determined.The preventive bask test of the optimum formula was carried out in human trials using the method of multi point increasing ultraviolet irradiation.Results OMC,TinosorbTM M,rutin,pearl powder and baicalin all had significant effects in preventing UVA.OMC had a significant effect in preventing UVB.The formula 1 (containing the five materials mentioned above) had the best effects in preventing both UVA (SPF 18) and UVB (PA+).Conclusions The formula 1 has the best effects in preventing both UVA and UVB.

BACKGROUND:The repair method of proximal humeral comminuted fractures in the elderly remains controversial. OBJECTIVE:To compare the recovery of shoulder joint function using the hemiarthroplasty of shoulder and locking proximal humeral plate fixation for complex proximal humeral fracture in the elderly. METHODS:A total of 22 elderly patients with complex proximal humeral fracture, who were treated from October 2012 to October 2014, were retrospectively analyzed. 12 cases underwent hemiarthroplasty, and 10 cases received locking proximal humeral plate fixation. Al patients were folowed up after treatment. X-ray films were rechecked during the folow-up. The recovery of shoulder function was evaluated with Neer score. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:During final folow-up, no prosthetic loosening or avascular necrosis of humeral head was found in the shoulder hemiarthroplasty group, and the Neer score was (81±5) points. In the locking proximal humeral plate fixation group, there was fixator loosening in four cases and avascular necrosis of humeral head in three cases, and the Neer score was (69±5) points (P < 0.05). During repair, mean operation time was shorter in the shoulder hemiarthroplasty group than in the locking proximal humeral plate fixation group. The amount of bleeding was higher in the shoulder hemiarthroplasty group than in the locking proximal humeral plate fixation group (P > 0.05). These data suggest that locking proximal humeral plate fixation and shoulder hemiarthroplasty are effective repair methods for complex proximal humerus fractures, but the hemiarthroplasty had the advantage of early functional exercise and good recovery of shoulder joint.

Objective To study the adrenal function in rats with pulmonary acute lung injury (ALI) induced by Escherichia coli (0111B4) . Methods ALI rat model was induced by intratracheal injection of E.coli (3 ml/kg,0111B4,(4.4-5.6) x 10~(12) CFU/L).ALI rats were then randomly divided into three groups,and each group had 10 rats.Mechanical ventilation was applied at three time points,6 hours,24 hours,and 36 hours after injection At each time point 8 rats were used as control with saline administered intratracheally.The plasma ACTH and corticosterone levels were measured after stimulated by 100 μg porcine ACTH.Results Compared with control group,the model group had a higher level of plasma ACTH at each time point (P < 0.01).The plasma ACTH level reached the peak at 24 hours.The model group had a higher level of plasma corticosterone at 6 hours (P < 0.01) and 24 hours (P <0.05),but had a lower level of plasma corticosterone at 36 hours (P < 0.05).The plasma corticosterone level reached the peak at 6 hours in model group,which was higher than 24 hours (P < 0.05).After stimulated by ACTH,the increased levels of corticosterone were lower in model group than those in control group (6 hours,P < 0.05; 24 hours and 36 hours,P < 0.01).Conclusions Adrenal dysfunction may occur at early stage of ALI in rats.With the disease developed,adrenal response to ACTH decreased.Low dose corticotrophin-stimulated test could evaluate adrenal function in rats with pulmonary ALI induced by Escherichia coli (O111B4).

This study was aimed to find out the correlation between chemical component contents and physical prop-erties of tanshinone extract powders. The contents of cryptotanshinone and tanshinone IIA from 50 batches of tanshi-none extract powders were determined by HPLC. And the physical properties were determined by classical methods. The correlation analysis between component contents and physical properties were also investigated. The results showed that two sets of variables had good intraclass correlation, especially for the contents of cryptotanshinone and tanshinone IIA, among D10, D50, D90, there were relatively strong correlation between the bulk density and tapped density, between the Hausner ratio and compressibility index. The angle of repose had a certain correlation with the uniformity, Hausner ratio and compressibility index, but with no strong correlation. The correlation coefficient be-tween two sets was below 0.400, suggesting there was a not so good inter-group correlation. After the canonical cor-relation analysis, three pairs of canonical variables had significant correlations with correlation coefficients being 0.851, 0.674 and 0.565, respectively. It was concluded that there was a good intraclass correlation for each of physi-cal and/or chemical quality set, but the correlation between the two sets was bad. Canonical variables performed bet-ter inter-group correlation compared with original variables, indicating there was a certain correlation between chem-ical and physical quality attributes of tanshinone extract powders.