1.Insulin Resistance as a Risk Factor for Gallbladder Stone Formation in Korean Postmenopausal Women.
Sang Soo KIM ; Jeong Gyu LEE ; Dong Wok KIM ; Bo Hyun KIM ; Yun Kyung JEON ; Mi Ra KIM ; Jeong Eun HUH ; Ji Young MOK ; Seong Jang KIM ; Yong Ki KIM ; In Joo KIM
The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine 2011;26(3):285-293
BACKGROUND/AIMS: The objective of this study was to determine whether insulin resistance is associated with gallbladder stone formation in Korean women based on menopausal status. METHODS: The study included 4,125 consecutive Korean subjects (30-79 years of age). Subjects who had a medical history of diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, other cardiovascular disorders, or hormone replacement therapy were excluded. The women were subdivided into two groups according to their menopausal status. RESULTS: Analysis of premenopausal women showed no significant differences in the homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index between the two groups in terms of gallstone disease. The associations between the occurrence of gallbladder stones and age, obesity, abdominal obesity, hyperinsulinemia, and high HOMA-IR index were statistically significant in the analysis with postmenopausal women. In a multiple logistic regression analysis, low high density lipoprotein-cholesterol was an independent predictor of gallbladder stone formation in premenopausal women. However, the multiple logistic regression analysis also showed that age and HOMA-IR were significantly associated with gallbladder stone formation in postmenopausal women. In an additional analysis stratified by obesity, insulin resistance was a significant risk factor for gallbladder stone formation only in the abdominally obese premenopausal group. CONCLUSIONS: Insulin resistance may be associated with gallbladder stone formation in Korean postmenopausal women with abdominal obesity.
Adult
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Age Factors
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Aged
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Asian Continental Ancestry Group/*statistics & numerical data
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Chi-Square Distribution
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Female
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Gallstones/*ethnology/physiopathology/ultrasonography
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Humans
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Insulin Resistance/*ethnology
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Logistic Models
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Middle Aged
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Obesity, Abdominal/ethnology
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Odds Ratio
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Postmenopause/*ethnology
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Questionnaires
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Republic of Korea/epidemiology
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Risk Assessment
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Risk Factors