The ancient literature on Taiyuan (LU 9) was collected to summarize the application laws of this acupoint. One thousand TCM ancient works collected in Chinese Medical Dictionary (fourth edition) were retrieved. The literature on the indications of Taiyuan (LU 9), the indications of Taiyuan (LU 9) combined prescriptions, the laws of acupoints combination and the techniques of acupuncture and moxibustion was collected systematically and the database was set up. It is found that there are 333 provisions in compliance with the inclusive standard of Taiyuan (LU 9), 306 provisions for the treatment of disorders and 66 relevant ancient works. There are 119 provisions relevant with the indication of single Taiyuan (LU 9) , 187 provisions for the applications of the combined prescriptions and 143 acupoints for the combined acupoints. Taiyuan (LU 9) and the combined prescriptions are applied to every department in clinic, especially for the disorders of TCM internal medicine department. The combined acupoints are distributed among the fourteen meridians and extra points and had been used totally for 1142 times. Of these points, there are 9 acupoints from the lung meridian of hand-taiyin and 25 acupoints from the bladder meridian of foot-taiyang, with the highest use frequency, 195 times and 141 times respectively, accounting for 17.08% and 12.35% of the total frequency. The common pairs of combination are Taiyuan (LU 9) and Yuji (LU 10), Taiyuan (LU 9) and Lieque (LU 7) and Taiyuan (LU 9) and Taibai (SP 3). The common dose of moxibustion at the acupoint is 3 cones. The depth of insertion is 0.2 cun and the acupuncture time is two breathes.
Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; history ; China ; Databases, Factual ; History, Ancient ; Humans ; Medicine in Literature ; Meridians

Objective To evaluate the roles of magnetic resonance imaging and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy(1H-MRS) in the diagnosis of meningiomas. Methods 98 patients with meningiomas underwent conventional pre-contrast MR and contrast MR. Among them, 28 cases had two dimensional single voxel or multi voxel 1 H-MRS simultaneously both in the lesion's region and the contralateral side. Results On precontrast MR images of 98 cases, T1 WI showed 58.1% (61/105) isointensities, 31.4% (33/105) faintly low intensities and 10. 5% (11/105) mixed intensities; T2WI showed 40. 0% (42/105) isointensities, 41.0%(43/105) hyperintensities, 10.5% (11/105) faintly low intensities and 8.5% (9/105) mixed intensities. After administration of Gd-DTPA, the solid part of the tumors exhibited various enhancement in all the 98 cases.28 cases of MRS exhibited specific different spectral peaks, including increased of choline-containing compounds(Cho), absent or decreased of acetylaspartate(NAA), and the unchanged of creatine(Cr). The value of NAA, Cr, Cho, NAA/Cr, Cho/Cr, NAA/Cho in the tumor center of meningioma were 0. 09 ± 0.06,0.31 ± 0. 22, 0.46 ± 0. 16, 0.33 ± 0. 42, 1.50 ± 0. 68, 0. 15 ± 0.08, compared with the contralateral normal region, Cr has no significant difference (P ＞ 0. 05), NAA, Cho, NAA/Cr, Cho/Cr, NAA/Cho had significantly differences(P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion Conventional pre-contrast MR and contrast MR is the most important dignostic means for meningiomas, 1H-MRS combined with MRI can improve the diagnostic accuracy of meningiomas.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the time course of granulocyte-colony-stimulating-factor (G-CSF), estrogen and various doses of atorvastatin on endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) mobilization.

METHODA total of 48 male New Zealand White rabbits were treated with placebo, estrogen (0.25 mg.k(-1).d(-1)), Atorvastatin (2.5, 5, or 10 mg) and G-CSF (50 microg/rabbit/d), respectively. Peripheral EPCs number was surveyed weekly for 4 weeks by FACS analysis (double-positive for PE-CD34/FITC-CD133) and under fluorescent microscope (double-positive for FITC-UEA-1/Dil-acLDL). Serum nitric oxide (NO) and lipids were also measured at the third week.

RESULTSPeripheral EPCs was significantly increased in G-CSF treated animals and remained constant for 4 weeks compared to placebo treated animals. Atorvastatin increased peripheral EPCs dose-dependently from 2.5 to 5 mg and peaked at the third week while peripheral EPCs number was not affected by 10 mg.k(-1).d(-1) atorvastatin during the first 3 weeks and was significantly higher only in the fourth week compared to placebo group. Estrogen also significantly increased peripheral EPCs at the third and fourth week compared to placebo group. At the third week, serum NO was similar in G-CSF group, significantly higher in atorvastatin 5 mg.k(-1).d(-1) and estrogen groups while significantly lower in atorvastatin 10 mg.k(-1).d(-1) group compared to placebo group. Serum lipids were similar among various groups.

CONCLUSIONAtorvastatin, estrogen and G-CSF could mobilize EPCs. The mobilization efficacy is as follows: G-CSF > atorvastatin 5 mg.k(-1).d(-1) > estrogen > atorvastatin 2.5 mg.k(-1).d(-1) > atorvastatin 10 mg.k(-1).d(-1). NO might partly contribute to the mobilizing effect of estrogen and atorvastatin.

Animals ; Atorvastatin Calcium ; Endothelial Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; Estrogens ; pharmacology ; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor ; pharmacology ; Heptanoic Acids ; pharmacology ; Hypolipidemic Agents ; pharmacology ; Lipids ; blood ; Male ; Nitric Oxide ; blood ; Pyrroles ; pharmacology ; Rabbits ; Recombinant Proteins ; Stem Cells ; drug effects

Objective We studied the EHD2 expression level in NSCLC and its association with clinicopathological features and prognosis.Methods The EHD2 expression level in NSCLC was measured by Western blot in 4 pairs fresh tissues and immunohistochemistry on 91 parffin-embedded slices.These experiments were used to explore the relationship of EHD2 and Ki-67 in the clinical parameters,as well as the relationship with EHD2 and prognosis.Results Western blot showed EHD2 expression level was low in 4 pairs NSCLC tissues.The results by immunohistochemistry showed that the expression of EHD2 was higher in well-differentiated NSCLC tissues than that in poor-differentiated tissues,which was opposite to the Ki-67 expression.Statistical methods revealed that EHD2 protein in NSCLC was significantly correlated with histological grade,pTNM staging,tumor size,lymph node metastasis as well as Ki-67.Low EHD2 expression was correlated with poor prognosis.Conclusions The abnormal expression of EHD2 might be closely related to the initiation and progress of NSCLC.EHD2 might be an indicator of the prognosis of NSCLC,which could be a potential target for NSCLC therapy.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between autophagy function in spinal cord and type 2 diabetic neuropathic pain in rats. METHODS: Forty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed with a high-sugar, high-fat diet for 8 weeks to induce the insulin resistance, and then received a single intraperitoneal streptozocin (STZ) injection to establish type 2 diabetes rat model. Two weeks after STZ injection, mechanical withdrawal threshold (MWT) and thermal withdrawal latency (TWL) of rats were detected, the rats with MWT and TWL decreasing to below 80% compared to baseline were chosen as type 2 diabetic neuropathic pain rats (group DNP, =24), the rest of the rats were chosen as type 2 diabetic non-neuropathic pain rats (group DA, =18). And another 18 normal rats randomly selected from the total were classified as control group (group C) and fed with common forage for 8 weeks. The MWT and TWL were measured again on the 3rd, 7th and 14th day after determining the grouping of DA and DNP, and then, the lumbar segments 4~6 of the spinal cord were removed from the executed rats for determination of the expressions of microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3)、Beclin-1and P62 by Western blot. The co-expressions of P62 with GFAP or OX-42 or NeuN in spinal dorsal horn were detected in another 6 lumbar segments of diabetic neuropathic pain (DNP) rats on the 7th day by immunofluorescence double dye method. RESULTS: Compared with group C, the insulin level was increased and ISI decreased in SD rats fed with high-sugar, high-fat diet, that meant the rats in insulin-resistance. After STZ injection, blood glucose rose to the standard of type 2 diabetes mellitus, i.e. ≥ 16.7 mmol/L. Compared with group C and group DA, MWT was significantly decreased, TWL shortened and the expression of LC3-Ⅱ and Beclin-1 in the spinal dorsal horn up-regulated, P62 expression down-regulated on the 3rd, 7th and 14th day in group DNP (<0.05). P62 was mainly localized in spinal dorsal horn and coexisted with neurons, and spots of P62 immunoreactivity could be detected in a few microglia but not observed in astrocyte. CONCLUSIONS The changes in expression of LC3-Ⅱ、Beclin-1 and P62 in spinal cord of type 2 diabetes neuropathic pain rats means autophagy activation of spinal, up-regulated autophagy of neurons in spinal dorsal horn mainly involves in the formation and development of type 2 diabetic neuropathic pain in rats.
Animals ; Autophagy ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; Diabetic Neuropathies ; Male ; Neuralgia ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Spinal Cord

“Ro Nus ZhurJes” theory is the core content of Tibetan medicine property theory, and also the core compatibility law of Tibetan medicine. It takes six tastes of medicine as the surface medicinal property, three tastes after digestion by "three gastropyretie" as the inner medicinal property, eight properties and seventeen effects as the deep medicinal property, and its essential property is the special medicinal property, forming a multi-level medicinal property theory, but its internal structure still needs to be unified and sorted out, clinical practicability needs to be further improved. In this paper, literature mining, Tibetan medicine theory, vector structural model, K-means clustering analysis, Gephi 0.9.2 visualization and other methods were used to sort out the theory of Tibetan medicinal properties. It was found that the inherent structure of Tibetan medicine properties had the multi-dimensional structural characteristics of "seven medicinal properties+three characteristics", and that the same medicinal properties would overlap, while the opposite medicinal properties would offset and could be expressed by vectors. Therefore, the vector structural model of "Ro Nus ZhurJes" of Tibetan medicine was proposed in this paper. Taking twenty-five-flavor Yuganzi powder(skyu-ru-nyer-lnga) and 92 commonly used Tibetan medicine prescriptions as examples, the rates of single prescription with seventeen effects and multiple prescriptions acting on three factors were analyzed. The model analysis results were highly consistent with the clinical efficacy, and the main diseases were the same, which showed that this model had a high degree of fitting and interpretation. It could effectively and intuitively quantify the properties of Tibetan medicine prescriptions and uncover the complex hidden knowledge of Tibetan medicine theory. In the future, the vector structural model of "Ro Nus ZhurJes" will be applied to analyze the classical prescriptions of Tibetan medicine, and the fitting evaluation and modification optimization will be carried out continuously in order to improve the practicability of theory of Tibetan medicine property in the big data environment and provide methodological reference for the quantification of medicinal property of Tibetan medicine prescriptions.