Meningiomas, one of the most common neoplasms of the central nervous system, may be encountered incidentally during autopsy. Most of these tumors, however, are benign and hence, are not considered as the chief cause of death. Further, sudden unexpected death caused by meningioma is very unusual. Moreover, the diagnosis of an incidental meningioma as the cause of sudden death may sometimes be difficult. In the present report, we describe an autopsy case of a sudden, unexpected death due to a large olfactory groove meningioma accompanied by severe cerebral edema and tonsillar herniation.
Autopsy ; Brain Edema ; Brain Neoplasms ; Cause of Death ; Central Nervous System ; Death, Sudden ; Diagnosis ; Encephalocele ; Meningioma*

The purpose of this study is to analyze the accuracy of predictive equations for resting metabolic rate (RMR) in Korean college students. Subjects were 60 healthy Korean college students (30 males, 30 females) aged 18-25 years. RMR was measured by indirect calorimetry. Predicted RMRs were calculated using the Harris-Benedict, Schofield (W)/(WH), FAO/ WHO/UNU(W)/(WH), Owen, Mifflin, Cunningham, Liu, IMNA and Henry (W)/(WH) equations. The accuracy of the equations was evaluated on basis of accurate prediction (the percentage of subjects whose RMR was predicted within90% to 110% of the RMR measured), mean difference, RMSPE, mean % difference, limits of agreement of Bland- Altman method between predicted and measured RMR. Measured RMR of male and female students were 1833.4 +/- 307.4 kcal/day and 1454.3 +/- 208.0 kcal/day, respectively. All predictive equations underestimated measured RMR. Of the predictive equations tested, the Harris-Benedict equation (mean difference: -80.4 kcal/day, RMSPE: 236 kcal/day, mean % difference: -3.1%) was the most accurate and precise, but accurate prediction of the equation was only 42%. Thus, this study suggests that the ethnicity-specific predictive equation from Korean people should be developed to improve the accuracy of predicted RMR for Koreans.
Aged ; Calorimetry, Indirect ; Female ; Humans ; Male

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to examine socio-demographic and psychological variables and the correlation of their factors with quality of life (QOL) in urban-dwelling single mothers. METHODS: Participants were 195 single mothers living in an urban community in South Korea. Participants completed self-report questionnaires examining socio-demographic characteristics and including the following self-rating scales : the global assessment of recent stress, the center for epidemiologic studies depression scale, the scale for suicidal ideation, the Korean version of the alcohol use disorder identification test, and the World Health Organization QOL assessment instrument. RESULTS: Regarding socio-demographic variables, high educational level (p=0.009), high monthly income (p<0.001), living in own house (p<0.001), and divorced or separated on economic grounds (p<0.001) showed significantly high QOL in single mothers. Age (r=0.208, p=0.004) showed significant positive correlation with QOL ; stress (r=-0.254, p<0.001), depressive symptoms (r=-0.314, p<0.001), suicidal ideation (r=-0.217, p<0.001), and alcohol-related problems (r=-0.363, p<0.001) showed significant negative correlation with QOL. In multiple regression analysis, alcohol-related problems, financial cause of single motherhood, depressive symptoms, and income explained 37.7% of variance in total QOL. CONCLUSION: Interventions to promote QOL of single mothers should reduce the social burden and psychological problems on single mothers. Specifically, interventions providing psychological support should target new single mothers in order to reduce distress in single-mother families.
Alcoholism ; Depression ; Divorce ; Epidemiologic Studies ; Humans ; Korea ; Mothers* ; Psychology* ; Quality of Life* ; Single-Parent Family ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Suicidal Ideation ; Weights and Measures ; World Health Organization

Objective: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is considered a pre-stage of dementia. This study aims to develop a cognitive intervention treatment program (CITP) as a non-pharmacological therapy, apply this program into MCI patients, and examine patients’ changes in cognitive function. Methods: Among 16 patients with MCI, 10 patients were randomly assigned to the experimental group and 6 patients were assigned into the control group. The patients assigned to the experimental group participated in the CITP once a week for a period of 15 weeks.The control group were suggested to live a normal daily life without CITP given. After 15 weeks (3 months), pre- and post-investigations, such as cognitive function test, emotional test, brain oxygen saturation test, were conducted and compared for each group. Results: The cognitive function scores and the brain oxygen saturation levels taken during the Verbal Fluency Test showed a sta-tistically significant difference between those of experimental and the control groups. To be specific, while the cognitive function score improved in the experimental group, there was a decline in the control group. There was no statistically significant difference in emo-tional changes between two groups. Looking at the changes within each group, the overall cognitive function score of the experimen-tal group was significantly increased, but no pre- and post-significantly changes were observed in brain oxygen saturation activation. On the other hand, the control group showed a statistically significant decline in the attention criteria of the cognitive functional ar-eas, and no statistically significant changed in brain activation. Conclusion The result from this study has given some promising views on maintaining and improving the deteriorating cognitive function in patients with MCI. Conducting CITP on patients is expected to strengthen the neural network. Eventually, there would be a less deterioration of cognitive function and less progression of MCI into dementia.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to identify the risk factors for tooth loss over three years, according to the number of pre-existing teeth, in middle and old aged people in a rural area. METHODS: This was a 3-year follow-up study including participants from KoGES-ARIRANG. Eight-hundred and fifty-five participants took part in both initial and follow-up oral examinations and surveys, conducted between 2010 and 2016. The number of existing teeth was determined through oral examination, and the subjects' sociodemographic characteristics, subjective periodontal statuses, and oral health behaviors were identified through oral questionnaires via 1:1 interviews. Chi-square analysis was used to compare tooth loss in participants with less than 20 pre-existing teeth to tooth loss in those with 20 or more pre-existing teeth. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify risk factors for tooth loss. RESULTS: Four-hundred and thirty-nine (51.4%) subjects lost more than one tooth over three years. After adjusting for demographic characteristics, subjective periodontal statuses, and oral health behaviors in subjects with 20 or more pre-existing teeth, the odds for tooth loss were as follows: 2.11 (1.42-3.14) times higher in people aged over 65 years compared to less than 65 years, 1.59 (1.06-2.38) times higher in those with a low (below elementary school) compared to high educational level, and 2.01 (1.33-3.02) times higher in those with a severe compared to normal subjective periodontal status. CONCLUSIONS: The risk of tooth loss was different in subjects with less than 20 pre-existing teeth compared to those with 20 or more pre-existing teeth. Therefore, the approach to prevent tooth loss should be different depending on the number of teeth present.
Cohort Studies* ; Diagnosis, Oral ; Follow-Up Studies ; Logistic Models ; Oral Health ; Risk Factors* ; Tooth Loss* ; Tooth*

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate coping styles for dysmenorrhea and explore factors related with their coping styles according to different health loci of control in middle schoolers. METHODS: Data were collected by using a structured questionnaire for 572 students from three middle schools in Seoul from March 22 to April 2, 2010. The measurement included menstrual distress, coping method questionnaire and health locus of control. The data were analyzed by using t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analysis. RESULTS: Middle school students used the active behavioral coping style more often than the avoidance style. There was a significant difference in means within each coping style including levels of stress, levels of health, and regular exercise. There were also significant correlations between each coping style and health locus of control. Regression analyses indicated that the health locus of control factor is the most powerful factor in each coping style. CONCLUSION: We observed that various coping methods are used for dysmenorrhea in middle school students. However, the active behavioral coping style is dominant in such a condition. Based on these results, we need to develop a health locus of control to improve coping styles for dysmenorrhea.
Adaptation, Psychological ; Dysmenorrhea* ; Female ; Fibrinogen ; Humans ; Internal-External Control ; Surveys and Questionnaires

No abstract available.
Nevus, Blue*

No abstract available.
Nevus, Blue*