No abstract available.
Aged* ; Humans ; Personal Satisfaction

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the experiences of acute care hospital nurses’ on spiritual care with focus group interviews. Methods: Data were collected from 24 nurses recruited from one acute-care hospital in a southern province of Korea. Six focus groups were assembled considering age and religion. All interviews were recorded and transcribed. Data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results: Five categories with 14 sub-categories emerged: 1) ambiguous concept: confusing terms, an additional job; 2) assessment of spiritual care needs: looking for spiritual care needs, not recognizing spiritual care needs; 3) spiritual care practices: active spiritual care, passive spiritual care ; 4) outcomes of spiritual care: comfort of the recipient, comfort of the provider; and 5) barriers to spiritual care: fear of criticism from others, lack of education, lack of time, space constraints, and absence of a recording system. Conclusion Participants perceived spiritual care as an uncertain concept. Some participants recognized it as a form of nursing care, and others did not. They practiced spiritual care in acute-care settings according to their personal perceptions of spiritual care. Therefore, in order to perform spiritual nursing in acute-care hospitals, it is a priority for nurses to recognize the concept of spiritual nursing accurately. It is also necessary to prepare a hospital environment suitable for the provision of spiritual care.

Background: This study explores the pathways of nurse turnover in long-term care hospitals (LTCHs) and its underlying conditions in Korea. Although the factors of staying or leaving of nurses in LTCHs have been reported, few studies have examined the trajectory and conditions of nurses staying in and leaving LTCHs. Methods: A qualitative study design with a grounded theory approach was conducted. Data were collected in one-to-one interviews. Purposive and theoretical sampling led to the inclusion of 20 registered nurses from 15 LTCHs in South Korea. Results: Seeking work-life balance was the core category of the nurses' turnover pathway. The consequences of the nurses' turnover pathway were categorized into three groups: thriving, surviving, and leaving. Thriving nurses found meaning in their work, fostered good relationships, and saw opportunities for growth. Surviving nurses were enduring their jobs in LTCHs, having a work-life balance, and supportive nursing leaders. Leaving group nurses wished to leave LTCHs due to a lack of professional growth, unappealing work, continued conflict, and social stigma. Conclusion This study provided the trajectory and conditions for nurses to enter, stay, move, or leave. Understanding the pathways for staying or leaving can be used as a strategy for successful retention of registered nurses in LTCHs.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of family caregivers who care for the elderly under Long-term Care Insurance. METHODS: Data were collected using focus group interviews and analyzed using a phenomenological approach. The four focus groups consisted of eight caregivers, two social workers and three nurses in B city, Korea. RESULTS: Five themes were identified: 'Obtaining a care-helper certification for employment', 'Taking care of the elderly in their homes', 'Difficulties due to life changes', 'Difficulties due to reduced wages' and 'Dissatisfaction with the Long-term Care Insurance operating system'. CONCLUSION: The results of this study demonstrate that the long-term care system for family caregivers faces many systematic challenges in providing care for the elderly harmoniously in their home. To help them succeed in their tasks, Long-term Care Insurance system must offer respite and support programs to family caregivers.
Aged ; Caregivers ; Certification ; Focus Groups ; Humans ; Insurance ; Insurance, Long-Term Care ; Long-Term Care ; Qualitative Research ; Social Workers

Smooth muscle cell metaplasia is an extremely rare form of stromal differentiation in fibroadenomas. We describe a case of fibroadenoma with exuberant smooth muscle cells in a 72-year-old woman. The mass was located in the upper central portion of the left breast. It was well circumscribed and its greatest dimension was 3 cm. Histologically, the glandular elements resembled the appearance of fibroadenoma, but the stromal elements were composed of spindle cell bundles with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm and elongated cigar-shaped nuclei. Neither mitotic activity nor cellular atypia was seen. The stromal cells were immunohistochemically positive for smooth muscle actin, calponin, desmin, and estrogen receptor-beta, but negative for CD34, S-100 protein, p63, CD10, estrogen receptor-alpha, progesterone receptor and cytokeratin. These results proved that the stromal cells showed features of smooth muscle cells.
Actins ; Aged ; Breast ; Calcium-Binding Proteins ; Cytoplasm ; Desmin ; Eosinophils ; Estrogens ; Female ; Fibroadenoma ; Humans ; Keratins ; Metaplasia ; Microfilament Proteins ; Muscle Cells ; Muscle, Smooth ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; Receptors, Progesterone ; S100 Proteins ; Stromal Cells

Microglandular adenosis (MGA) of the breast is a rare, benign proliferative lesion but with a significant rate of associated carcinoma. Herein, we report an unusual case of metaplastic carcinoma with chondroid differentiation associated with typical MGA. Histologically, MGA showed a direct transition to metaplastic carcinoma without an intervening atypical MGA or ductal carcinoma in situ component. The immunohistochemical profile of the metaplastic carcinoma was mostly similar to that of MGA. In both areas, all the epithelial cells were positive for S-100 protein, but negative for estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, HER2/neu, and epidermal growth factor receptor. An increase in the Ki-67 and p53 labelling index was observed from MGA to invasive carcinoma. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of metaplastic carcinoma with chondroid differentiation arising in MGA in Korea. This case supports the hypothesis that a subset of MGA may be a non-obligate morphologic precursor of breast carcinoma, especially the triple-negative subtype.
Breast ; Breast Neoplasms ; Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating ; Epithelial Cells ; Estrogens ; Fibrocystic Breast Disease* ; Korea ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; Receptors, Progesterone ; S100 Proteins

No abstract available.
Breast ; Carcinoma, Lobular ; Collagen

PURPOSE: We report a rare case of solitary neurofibroma on the eyelid margin without neurofibromatosis. CASE SUMMARY: A 46-year-old male presented with a well-define small nodular lesion on the right upper eyelid margin that had not changed for 10 years. Surgical excision and biopsy were performed. Histological examination showed spindle-shaped cells in the fibrous stroma on hematoxylin & eosin staining, and immunohistochemical staining revealed S-100 protein-positive cells. Dermatologic, neurologic, and genetic evaluations showed no evidence of systemic neurofibromatosis. Six months after operation, there was no evidence of local recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of solitary neurofibroma involving the eyelid margin without neurofibromatosis in Korea. Neurofibroma should be considered in a differential diagnosis of eyelid mass and can be successfully managed with surgical excision.
Biopsy ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Eosine Yellowish-(YS) ; Eyelids* ; Hematoxylin ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neurofibroma* ; Neurofibromatoses* ; Recurrence

PURPOSE: Solitary plexiform neurofibroma of the eyelid without neurofibromatosis is a rare disease. We report a case of solitary plexiform pigmented neurofibroma of the eyelid without neurofibromatosis. CASE SUMMARY: A 12-year-old male visited our clinic with a painless palpable subcutaneous mass on the right lower eyelid. He had a history of Batter syndrome and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. On initial presentation, clinical features regarding neurofibromatosis such as Lisch nodule, optic nerve glioma, or high myopia were not observed. We performed excision and biopsy of the lower lid mass under general anesthesia. Macroscopically, the tumor was 4.0 × 1.5 × 1.5 cm in size with irregular nodules. Microscopically, the tumor consisted of multiple, variably sized tortous enlarged nerve fascicles with clusters of pigmented cells. Immunohistochemical results revealed expression of S-100 protein. Pigmented cells express both S-100 and melan-A proteins, while nonpigmented cells express S-100 protein only. The tumor was finally diagnosed as plexiform pigmented neurofibroma. Dermatological evaluation revealed no evidence of systemic neurofibromatosis. CONCLUSIONS: Plexiform neurofibroma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of an eyelid mass, even if the patient does not have a history or clinical features of neurofibromatosis. Plexiform neurofibroma can be successfully managed with surgical excision.
Anesthesia, General ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity ; Biopsy ; Child ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Eyelids* ; Humans ; Male ; MART-1 Antigen ; Myopia ; Neurofibroma ; Neurofibroma, Plexiform* ; Neurofibromatoses ; Neurofibromatosis 1 ; Optic Nerve Glioma ; Rare Diseases ; S100 Proteins

PURPOSE: Dermatofibrosarcoma in the orbit is a rare malignant neoplasm. We report an extremely rare case of primary dermatofibrosarcoma in the orbit. CASE SUMMARY: A 66-year-old male presented with a slowly progressing periorbital mass on his left upper eyelid which developed 3 weeks earlier. On physical examinations, a palpable firm mass under the skin was observed at the superomedial aspect of the left upper eyelid. However, there was no surface nodule or demarcated line on the eyelid. An approximately 1.2 × 1 × 1 cm sized well defined and clearly demancated mass was observed on orbital computed tomography. Excisional biopsy was performed under local anesthesia and pathological examination revealed dermatofibrosarcoma. There was no metabolic evidence of regional or distant metastasis based on positron emission tomography-computed tomography. Nine months after surgical excision there was no evidence of local recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report in South Korea of dermatofibrosarcoma in the orbit. Dermatofibrosarcoma should be considered following differential diagnosis of a periorbital mass.
Aged ; Anesthesia, Local ; Biopsy ; Dermatofibrosarcoma* ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Electrons ; Eyelids ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Orbit* ; Physical Examination ; Recurrence ; Skin