Backup power should be equipped in hospitals in order to prevent the medical risks.At present,there are three choices of the backup power including UPS,EPS and diesel generator.The principles of three backup powers are introduced.Methods for equipping backup power are also discussed to guarantee the security of power supply system for emergency medical equipment.

Since 2007, a number of published population-based studies have shown that stroke epidemiology has changed. There are some differences in morbidity, mortality, risk factors and clinical prognosis of stroke between the high-income countries and the less developed countries.

Objective This study was to examine the expression of tyrosine kinase receptor(TKRs)C-kit,C-abl and PDGFR?,in ovary carcinoma.Methods The expression of C-kit,C-abl and PDGFR? in tumor tissue of 60 specimens of ovary carcinoma and normal fissue of 20 specimens of overy was examined by immunohistochemistry SP method.Results Immunoreactivity was detected in 79% of the tumor to at least one TKR.The total positive expression rate of C-kit,C-abl and PDGFR? in ovary carcinoma was 58.3%,70%,73.3%,respectively.The positive expression rate of C-kit and PDGFR? is significantly higher in tumor tissues than in normal tissues(P

Objective To investigate a method of repairing complex tissue defects one stage in one finger or several fingers for more fine recipient site repairing and less donor area traum. Methods From August 2007 to August 2010,eight cases of 20 fingers were reconstructed according to the state of complex tissue defects in a hand,second toes (right or left side) were split into two or three parts as complex tissue flaps that may including joints,tendons,skin,nail beds,et al.These flaps then were translated to hand to repair complex tissue defects by anastomosing vessels.Results Twenty fingers in 8 cases were successfully reconstructed.Follow-up ranged from 3 months to 36 months,external appearance were fine.According to the Trial Evaluation Standard of Reconstructed Finger Function of Handsurgery Society of China,sixteen fingers were excellent,three fingers were good,one finger was fine.And there was no effect on foot.Conclusion Spliting single second toe is a good method for repairing more complex tissue defects in a hand.

Objective To increase externally-assigned response, improve energy response of CR39 and develop positive fast/thermal neutron personal dosimeter applicable for occupational exposure in oil and gas field logging by using pre-recoil layer.Methods The externally-assigned response of CR39 detector was improved through increasing the track density by using the α particle induced by the reaction of 10B(n,α) 7Li with the BN as pre-recoil layer, and the increase was vilified by using both Monte-Carlo simulation and experiment exposed by standard neutron source.Results Fast/thermal neutron personal dosimeter's neutron flux sensitivity and neutron dose equivalent sensitivity were 3.46 × 10-4 track per 0.013 and 52.8 mSv.According to theoretical derivation and experiment of standard 241 Am-Be neutron source, detecting efficiency and energy response of CR39 were effectively improved, and quantitative measurement of dose contributed by thermal neutron was realized.Conclusions CR39 fast/thermal neutron personal dosimeter of high sensitivity is applicable to oil and gas field logging environment and of potential development.

Objective To assess the role of the different pancreatic islet β cell function index in the evaluation of glucose metabolism in different duration of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods Normal glucose tolerance subjects without diabetes family history (NC group,48 cases) and T2DM patients (182 cases) were enrolled.The T2DM patients were divided into three groups:less than 5 years group (DM ＜5 group,74 cases),5-10 years group (DM5-10 group,51 cases) and more than 10 years group ( DM ＞10 group,57 cases).Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and insulin release test were taken in all groups.Insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) and whole body insulin sensitivity index [ISI(Matsuda)] were used to estimate insulin sensitivity,and early insulin secretion index ( △ I30/ △ G30) and glucose disposition index (DI) were used to evaluate the function of pancreatic islet β cell.Results HOMA-IR was increased and ISI (Matsuda) was decreased in DM ＜5 group,DM5-10 group and DM ＞10 group compared with those in NC group [HOMA-IR:8.78 ± 7.12,8.08 ± 3.67,7.84 ± 5.08 vs.4.76 ± 3.43;ISI(Matsuda):46.78 ± 29.00,36.71 ± 16.67,38.86 ±21.72 vs.61.13 ± 32.08,P ＜ 0.05],however,there was no significant difference among DM ＜5 group,DM5-10 group and DM ＞10 group.△ I30/ △ G30 and DI were decreased in DM ＜5 group,DM5-10 group and DM ＞10 group compared with those in NC group [ △ I30 △ G30:( 68.41 ± 361.52 ),(4.31 ± 3.42 ),(7.70 ± 5.78 ) mU/mmol vs.(92.65 ± 309.29) mU/mmol;DI:0.0421 ± 0.0123,0.0412 ± 0.0123,0.0363 ± 0.0116 vs.0.1151 ± 0.0236,P ＜ 0.05 ],and there was no significant difference in △ I30 / △ G30 among DM ＜5 group,DM5-10 group and DM ＞10 group,however,DI was decreased in DM＞10 group compared with that in DM＜5 group and DM5-10 group (P＜0.05).ConclusionsHOMA-IR,ISI (Matsuda),△I30/△G30 are not sensitive to evaluate the insulin resistance of different duration.DI can reflect the glucose utilization of pancreatic islet β cell earlier and the ability to regulate blood sugar steady state changes.

OBJECTIVETo study the reversal effect of nomegestrol acetate (NOM) on mutidrug resistance (MDR) in MCF7/ADR and its mechanism.

METHODSUsing tetrazolium dye assay, effects of various concentrations of NOM on sensitivity to ADR in MCF7/ADR was studied. Expression of MDR related genes MDR1, glutathoine S-transferase Pi (GSTpi), Topoisomerase II alpha (Topo II alpha) and MDR related protein (MRP) were assayed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunocytochemistry assay. Using flow cytometry (FCM), intracellular ADR concentration effects on cell cycle were observed.

RESULTSNOM significantly reversed MDR in MCF7/ADR. After NOM 20, 10 and 5 micromol/L treatment, the chemosensitivity to ADR increased to 21, 12 and 8 times. The reversal activity of NOM was stronger than that of the precursor compound megestrol acetate, and was comparable to that of verapamail. After treatment with NOM 5 micromol/L both MDR1 and GSTpi mRNA genes expression began to decline on D2 (P < 0.05, & P < 0.01) and reached the lowest level on D3 (both P < 0.01), but the expression levels began to rise on D6 again (both P < 0.05). The expression of MRP and Topo II alpha gave no significant change. Changes of P-gp and GSTpi protein expressions were similar to those of their mRNA expressions, showing early decline and late rise. Two hours after NOM 20, 10, and 5 micromol/L treatment, intracellular ADR concentration increased 2.7, 2.3 and 1.5 times, respectively. FCM data showed that after forty-eight hours, combined administration of NOM (20 micromol/L) and ADR (from low concentration to high concentration), MCF7/ADR cells showed gradual arrest in the G(2)M phase with the increase of ADR dose.

CONCLUSIONNOM has strong reversal effects on MDR in MCF7/ADR. The reversal takes place via different routes, i.e. down regulating mRNA and protein expression levels of MDR1 and GSTpi, increasing intracellular drug concentration, and enhancing the arrest of ADR in cells at G(2)M phase.

ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family B, Member 1 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Antigens, Neoplasm ; Breast Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; DNA Topoisomerases, Type II ; genetics ; metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; drug effects ; Glutathione S-Transferase pi ; Glutathione Transferase ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Inhibitory Concentration 50 ; Isoenzymes ; genetics ; metabolism ; Megestrol ; Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Norpregnadienes ; pharmacology ; Progesterone Congeners ; pharmacology ; RNA, Messenger ; drug effects ; genetics ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; Verapamil ; pharmacology

[Abstract] Objective: To investigate the effect of Beclin1 knockdown on cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer A2780 cells and its related mechanisms. Methods: The mRNA and protein expressions of Beclin1 in A2780 cells and drug resistant A2780/DDP cells were determined by qPCR and Western blotting. After transfection with Beclin1 siRNA, the sensitivity of A2780/DDP cells to cisplatin was detected by MTT assay; Cell clone formation and apoptosis were detected by the Colony formation assay and Flow cytometry assay, respectively; cell autophagy was monitored by monodansylcadaverin (MDC) staining. Furthermore, the protein levels of cell autophagy related proteins, lysosomal associated membrane protein Lamp-2 and Cathepsin B were detected by Western blotting. Results: The mRNA and protein expression levels of Beclin1 in cisplatin-resistant A2780/DDP cells were significantly higher than those in A2780 cells (all P<0.05). The expression of Beclin1 was significantly increased in A2780 cells after treated with cisplatin (P<0.05). Beclin1 knockdown promoted cisplatin induced apoptosis of A2780/DDP cells (P<0.05), inhibited autophagy and cell colony formation (all P<0.05), and increased cell sensitivity to cisplatin (P<0.05). Meanwhile, Western blotting showed that Beclin1 knockdown increased the protein levels of cleaved-caspase 3 and Cathepsin B in A2780/DDP cells, while down-regulated the protein expressions of Atg3, Atg7, LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰand Lamp-2 (all P<0.05). Conclusion: Beclin1 knockdown can improve the sensitivity of A2780/DDP cells to cisplatin, and the mechanism may be related to the inhibition of protective autophagy of cells by regulating the expressions of autophagy related proteins, and the regulation of lysosomes, thus further promoting cisplatin-induced apoptosis of drug-resistant cells.

Hiatt-Neu-Cooper neurodevelopmental syndrome(HINCONS), a rare neurodevelopmental disorder closely associated with a heterozygous mutation in the RALA gene on 7p14, is characterized by prominent intellectual disability or global developmental delay. Currently, no effective treatment options are available for this disease. This article reports a case of HINCONS presenting with global developmental delay, particularly in language and motor development, along with decreased muscle tone, short stature, distinctive facial features, and congenital ventricular septal defect. No significant abnormalities were found in laboratory biochemical tests. Head MRI revealed enlarged ventricles and increased space in the subarachnoid and convexity regions. Trio-based whole exome sequencing testing identified a novel variant RALA gene c.475(exon4)A > G(p.K159E) in the affected child. In this study, we performed a retrospective analysis of the clinical features of 12 reported cases of HINCONS from the literature, with the aim of providing a reference for the clinical diagnosis and genetic counseling of HINCONS.

BACKGROUNDThe Xpert MTB/RIF showed high sensitivity and specificity in previous studies carried out in different epidemiological and geographical settings and patient populations in high-burden tuberculosis (TB) countries. However, there were little data obtained by validation or demonstration study of the assay in China. In this study, the performance of Xpert MTB/RIF was investigated in two county-level laboratories in Hunan Province, China.

METHODSConsecutive patients with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and suspicion for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) were enrolled. For each patient suspected to have PTB, three sputum specimens (one spot sputum, one night sputum, and one morning sputum) were collected and each sputum was tested with smear microscopy, Löwenstein-Jensen (LJ) culture, and Xpert MTB/RIF test. For comparison across subgroups and testing methods, 95% confidence intervals were calculated. All analyses were done with SPSS 16.0, and P < 0.05 was regarded as significant.

RESULTSFor case detection, the sensitivity of Xpert MTB/RIF was 100% for smear- and culture-positive TB and 88.6% for smear-negative and culture-positive TB; the overall sensitivity was 94.5% for all culture-positive patients. The specificity was 99.8%. The sensitivity of Xpert MTB/RIF assay was 22.0% in clinical TB patients and the specificity reached 100.0% in the group of patients who are infected with nontuberculous mycobacteria. For the detection of rifampin resistance, the sensitivity of MTB/RIF RIF-resistance detection was 92.9%, and the specificity was 98.7%. Of the 26 Xpert MTB/RIF-positive and RIF-resistant patients confirmed by LJ proportion tests, 20 (76.9%) patients were infected by MDR-TB.

CONCLUSIONSThe Xpert MTB/RIF assay is a highly sensitive and specific method for diagnosis of TB and RIF resistance, which will enable it to have the potential to be used in county-level laboratories and lead to the reduction of the infectious pool and improvements in TB control in China. Further evaluations in county-level laboratories for implementing the assay are still required.

Adult ; Antibiotics, Antitubercular ; therapeutic use ; China ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Rifampin ; therapeutic use ; Tuberculosis ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; Young Adult