Pyroptosis is a new way of programmed cell death,a number of researches have found that it is associated with a variety of diseases.Inflammasome and caspase protein family play key roles in regulating pyroptosis.Intracellular pattern recognition receptor oligomers under external stimulus,then assemble with apop-totic speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain and caspase precursor into inflammatory com-plex body,thus activation of caspase can induce pyroptosis.While as the upstream regulation mechanism of pyroptosis,inflammasome might be double edged swordfor tumor growth.On the one hand,inflammasome can inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells by inducing pyroptosis;on the other hand,the cumulative effect of the inflammsome can also form a suitable microenvironment for tumor cells and promote tumor growth.

Objective To observe the effects of health promotion on tumor recurrence,quality of life and self feeling evaluation of patients with superficial bladder carcinoma.Methods 104 patients with superficial bladder carcinoma treated in our hospital from March 2002 to March 2005 were divided to two groups randomly.The patients in one group were treated by bladder irrigation with Bacille Calmette Guerin (BCG)simply,and those in the other group were treated by bladder irrigation and health promotion.Tumor recurrence,quality of life and self feeling evaluation between the two groups were compared.Results All patients were foUowed up for 7.3-36.0 months(mean 28.5 months).17 patients(15/51)in the simple BCG irrigation group had tumor recurrence in 0-12 months(2 patients),13-24 months(6)and 25- 36months(9)respectively.The recurrence rate in the first year was 3.9%.in the second year 11.8% and in the third year 17.6%.Eleven(11/53)patients had in the BCG irrigation and health promotion group.in 0-12 months(2),13-24 months(7),and 25-36 months(2)respectively.The recurrence rate in the first year was 3.8%.in the second year 13.2%.and in the third year 3.8%.There were no significant differences in the recurrence rates of the first and second year between the two groups(P>0.05).but there was significant difieFence in the recurrence rate of the third year between the two group(Y2=5.29,P< 0.05).There were no significant difierences in self feeling SCL-90 evaluation and quality evaluation of life after the first discharging between the two groups(P>0.05).After 3-year follow up,the life quality of the patients in the BCG irrigation and health promotion group was improved obviously compared with the simple BCG group(X2=6.47,P<0.05),and the bad negative emotion was diminished obviously compared with the simple BCG group(P<0.05).Conclusion Health promotion after operation on the patients with superficial bladder carcinoma can decrease the long-term tumor recurrence rate obviously,and improve the quality of life and self feeling significantly.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the influence of Xiaotan Sanjie Recipe on growth of the transplanted tumor and expressions of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in tissue of the gastric carcinoma of nude mice, and to explore the mechanism of Xiaotan Sanjie Recipe in restraining the multiplication of the stomach cancer. METHODS: MKN-45 gastric carcinoma model in nude mice was established. Forty-five nude mice were randomly divided into control group, Xiaotan Sanjie group and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) group. Drugs were given on the next day of inoculation. Mice in the control group were given normal saline, and mice in the Xiaotan Sanjie group were given Xiaotan Sanjie Recipe. Intraperitoneal injection of 5-FU was administered in the 5-FU group. The expressions of PCNA and EGFR were examined by using streptavidin peroxidase (SP) conjugate technique, and the tumor weight and pathological characteristics were also observed. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, Xiaotan Sanjie Recipe significantly restrained the growth of the transplanted tumor, and reduced the expressions of PCNA and EGFR in tissue of the gastric carcinoma of nude mice (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Xiaotan Sanjie Recipe can disturb the synthesis of DNA and reduce the proliferous activity of cancer cells by decreasing the expressions of PCNA and EGFR.

Objective To compare selenium content in hair samples of people in Kaschin-Beck disease (KBD) areas and non KBD areas two months after stopping selenium salt in Shaanxi Province,to provide a scientific basis for KBD control and prevention.Methods In September 2012,four historical KBD areas were selected,including Yongshou,Yuyang,Linyou and Nanzheng,four villages were selected as monitoring sites according to the four directions as east,west,south and north in each county.Meanwhile,four non KBD areas were selected,including Wugong,Mizhi,Qishan and Chenggu,which adjacent to the survey counties and were similar to the survey counties in environment and production and living conditions.Four villages were selected as monitoring sites according to the four directions as east,west,south and north in each county.Lianhu District in Xi'an city was selected as a urban non KBD area.Four communities were selected in the east,west,south and north as the monitoring sites.In each monitoring point,hair samples of 8 children aged 7-12 years old (gender balanced) and 8 adults over the age of 16 (gender balanced) were selected to determine the hair selenium.Samples were disposed by wet digestion method,the selenium content was determined by 2,3-diaminonaphthalene fluorescence method.Results A total of 256 hair samples were collected in the four KBD counties,256 hair samples in four non KBD counties,64 hair samples in one urban district.The average of hair selenium in each monitoring point was ≥0.25 mg/kg.Compared the hair selenium content in KBD areas,rural non KBD areas,and urban non KBD areas [(0.40 ±0.23),(0.42 ± 0.28),(0.37 ± 0.38) mg/kg],the differences were not statistically significant (F =0.045,P ＞ 0.05).In KBD areas,the hair selenium content of 37 people was ＜ 0.20 mg/kg,accounting for 14.45％;28 people was 0.20-＜ 0.25 mg/kg,accounting for 10.94％;127 people was 0.25-＜ 0.50 mg/kg,accounting for 49.61％;64 people was ≥ 0.50 mg/kg,accounting for 25.00％.In non KBD areas,the hair selenium content of 67 people was ＜ 0.20 mg/kg,accounting for 20.94％,28 people was 0.20-＜ 0.25 mg/kg,accounting for 8.75％;143 people was 0.25-＜ 0.50 mg/kg,accounting 44.69％;82 people was ≥0.50 mg/kg,accounting for 25.63％.Compared the hair selenium content of children aged 7-12 and adults in KBD areas,rural non KBD areas,and urban non KBD areas [children:(0.45 ± 0.29),(0.47 ± 0.31),(0.33 ± 0.12) mg/kg;adults:(0.41 ± 0.25),(0.37 ± 0.25),(0.40 ± 0.49) mg/kg],the differences were not statistically significant (F =0.007,0.024,all P ＞ 0.05).Compared the hair selenium content in different gender in KBD areas,rural non KBD areas,and urban non KBD areas [maile:(0.43 ± 0.23),(0.43 ± 0.26),(0.40 ± 0.51) mg/kg;female:(0.38 ± 0.22),(0.41 ± 0.31),(0.34 ± 0.18) mg/kg],the differences were not statistically significant (F =0.872,3.589,all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Two months after stopping to supply selenium salt in 2012 in Shaanxi Province,the hair selenium content of residents in KBD areas has not dropped significantly.Since this survey is carried out only 2 months after taking the measure,it is necessary to continue to monitor the selenium level in KBD areas.

Objective To anatomically reconstruct massive bone deficiency w it h prosthesis-devitalized bone composites after bone tumor resection. Methods Fr om July 1997 to December 2000, twenty-four patients with malignant bone tumor we re treated with a limb salvage procedure including wide tissue resection and rec onstruction. The resected bone were debrided of gross tumor tissues, and treated with 200 g/L saline for 30 minutes and 95% alcohol for 20 minutes, then the dev italized bone was implanted back to resection sites. Eleven diaphysis defects we re reconstructed with devitalized bone fixed with interlocked intramedullary nai ling, the other 13 defects were reconstructed with prosthesis-devitalized bone c omposites. Results The mean follow-up period was two and half years. One patient s had nonunion at the graft-host junction. There were only two patients(9%) dev eloping local recurrence in half to two years after the surgery. These indicate that this method can be accepted by the limb salvage protocol. Conclusion Prosth esis devitalized bone composite enabled surgeons to reconstruct massive bone def iciency after bone tumor resection. Compared with allografts, devitalized bone h as the following advantages: 1) This technique reduces the rate of nonunion; 2) This technique also reduces the rate of local infection; 3) This technique reduc es the cost; 4) Few absorption has been found in devitalized bone at the last fo llow up. Immersion within 200 g/L saline then after 95% alcohol provides thoroug h devitalization of tumor hosting bone.

Objective To investigate MRI features of malignant meningioma,in order to improve diagnostic rate of the disease preoperatively.Methods 18 cases with intact MRI materials proved operatively and pathologically were collected.Results Most tumors showed heterogeneous and low signal intensity on T 1WI,(16/18 cases),and heterogeneous and high signal intensity on T 2WI,(14/18cases). 15 of 18 cases showed significant but inhomogeneous contrast enhancement.The tumors were irregular or lobulated in contour with all or part of the border ill-defined. Conclusion Malignant meningiomas do have characteristic MRI features besides in common with benign ones.

Objective To investigate the effect of matrine on migration, proliferation and apoptosis of hepatic stellate cell (HSC) induced by PDGF in vitro. Methods HSC line was incubated separately with matrine in different concentration of 0.25 and 0.5 mg/ml, cell proliferation was assessed by MTT assay. Apoptosis was tested by TUNEL in situ assay. The migration ability of HSCs was observed with Transwell chamber assay. Results The cell migration rate and absorbance value of the groups with 0.25 mg/ml and 0.5 mg/ml matrine were significantly lower than those of the control group, as well as in PDGF groups. But there was no difference in rates of cell apoptosis among three groups. Conclusion Matrine can inhibit HSC migration, proliferation and induce apoptosis of HSC, which might be one of the mechanisms that matrine counteracts against liver fibrosis. But there was no effect of matrine on HSC apoptosis induced by PDGF.

OBJECTIVE:To provide a method for a scientific and rational formation of hospital drug purchase plan.METHODS:Based on the major factors influencing the drug purchase plans,a moving-average method(mathematical principle)was used to establish computational formula for hospital drug purchase plan model,which was then put into practice.RESULTS:The predicted amount calculated using the computation model could be used to track the actual consumption quantity rapidly;this model could auto-adjust the inventory and dynamically forecast the drug purchase amount.CONCLUSION:The computation model contributes to the scientific and reasonable formation of hospital drug purchase plan thus meeting the needs of majority clinical drugs.

[Objective]To evaluate the diagnostic strategy for bone metastasis from unknown primary. [Method]One hundred and twenty five patients with unknown primary bone metastasis were treated from June 2003 and December 2006.The distribution of bone metastasis while initial diagnosis mainly focused on spine,sacrum,pelvis,femur and humerus.The diagnostic strategy contained a series of physical examination,laboratory test,imaging study and pathological examination.[Result]The primary tumor was found in 70.4% cases,while 40% was in the lung,8% in kidney,5.6% in prostate,4.8% in liver,4% in breast,both 2.4% in thyroid and gastric,and 3.2% in other visceras.The physical examination revealed the occult primary site of the malignant tumor in only 9.6% cases.Although,43.2% patients had higher level of tumor antigen,but most of them were non-specific.Sixty percent of primary tumor was found by various imaging studies including plain radiograph,computed tomography and ultrasound.The pathological result after biopsy or operation identified or suggested the primary tumor in 66.4% cases.The one year survival rates after diagnosis were 58.57% and 22.93% in patients of bone metastasis with known and unknown origin,respectively.[Conclusion]The primary tumor can be diagnosed in most bone metastasis patients with no cancer history after careful examination,and patients will get benefit on survival time for targeted treatment.

[Objective] A retrospective study of patients with osteosarcoma in the proximal humerus was carried out to evaluate the effect of limb salvage surgery.[Methods]Thirty-eight patients received neoadjuvant chemotherapy and limb salvage were included in the study.Extraarticular or intraarticular resections of the proximal humerus were performed in 5 patients and 33 patients,respectively.The reconstructions included 31 custom-made prosthetic replacements,4 allograft prosthetic composites,1 bone cement spacer,and 2 autografts.The image files of patients receiving intraarticular resection were studied to identify tumor invasion of glenoid and deltoid muscule.[Results]Local recurrence encountered in 5 patients(13.2%)including 1 with extraarticular resection and 4 with intraarticular resection.In patients with intraarticular resection,image study revealed gleoid and deltoid muscule invasion occurred in 7 patients,of whom only 4 had local recurrence.The overall 5-year survival rate was 56.4%,and the disease-free survival rate was 40.5%.Complication rate of limb salvage surgery was 18.4%,which included two autograft bone fractures,one embolism of upper limb artery combined with radial nerve injury,and 4 shoulder joint instabilities.The functional outcomes of mean MSTS 93 score was 22.7 points(75.6%).The active external extension of shoulder joint was restricted in patients with extraarticular resection of no more than 30 degrees,and in patients with intraarticular resection of mean 45 degrees.[Conclusion]Acceptable oncological result and better function could be obtained after intraarticular resection of osteosarcoma in proximal humerus if glenoid or deltoid muscle invasion was not found on image study.Prosthetic replacement in these patients had lower complication rate,and better upper limb or hand function.