Objective: To explore the relationship between meat consumption and metabolic syndrome (MS) in Chinese adults aged ≥18 years. Methods: The data were obtained from 2010- 2012 National Nutrition and Health Survey. A total of 34 923 subjects who completed the dietary survey, the physical examination and had the testing results of blood sugar and blood lipid levels were enrolled in this study. MS was defined according to the diagnostic criteria of China Diabetes Society 2013. The prevalence ratios of MS and each form of MS and related 95%CI were calculated after post stratification weight according to the population data (2009) released by the national bureau of statistics. Results: The average meat intake among subjects was 94.8 g/d. People who had meat consumption between 100 g/d and 199 g/d had the lowest prevalence of MS, abdominal obesity and hyperglycemia. As the meat consumption increased, the prevalence of MS in men increased. Men who had meat consumption of ≥300 g/d had a higher risk of MS than those who had low level of meat consumption, with prevalence ratio equaled to 1.46 (95%CI: 1.14~1.87). Similar trend was not observed in women. Conclusion: Moderate intake of meat is associated with reduced risk of MS in Chinese adults.
Adolescent ; Adult ; China/epidemiology* ; Diet ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Meat ; Metabolic Syndrome/ethnology* ; Obesity, Abdominal/ethnology* ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors

Objective: To understand the prevalence of alcohol drinking in 20-79 years old males with different educational backgrounds and smoking behaviors in different areas of China. Methods: A multi-stage cluster random sampling survey was conducted in 150 surveillance sites in 2010-2012 Chinese nutrition and health surveillance in China. At least 1 000 subjects were selected in each surveillance site. Alcohol drinking prevalence and pattern information were collected by using personal health and food frequency questionnaire in face to face interviews. Results: A total of 60 791 males aged 20-79 years were surveyed. The prevalence of alcohol drinking was 57.8% (58.3% in rural area, 57.3% in urban area). The mean daily alcohol intake level was 32.7 g (33.3 g in rural area, 32.1 g in urban area). The rate of almost drinking every day and daily alcohol intake level were highest among males aged 50-59 years. Mean daily alcohol intake level, rate of almost drinking every day and excessive drinking decreased with the increase of education level. Non-smokers had higher rate of never drinking and lower prevalence of drinking and excessive drinking, lower mean daily alcohol intake level, and lower rate of almost drinking every day compared with current and past smokers. Conclusions: Alcohol drinking was common in males aged 20-79 years in China, and, the difference was not obvious between rural residents and urban residents. The differences in daily intake level of different alcohol drinks among males with different characteristics had certain significance. Significant difference in excessive drinking was found among different age groups, those with different education levels and those with different smoking history.
Adult ; Aged ; Alcohol Drinking/epidemiology* ; Asian People ; China/epidemiology* ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Rural Population ; Smoking/epidemiology* ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Objective: To understand the prevalence of alcohol drinking and influencing factors in female adults in China. Methods: At the 150 survey sites where 2010-2012 Chinese nutrition and health surveillance was conducted, a face to face questionnaire survey was conducted in female adults selected through multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling. Sample weights was assigned to each participant based on the study design by using national population census data in 2009. The complex sampling and unconditional multivariate logistics regression analysis was conducted to identify the influencing factors for the prevalence of alcohol drinking in the female adults. Results: A total of 75 518 participants were included in this study. The prevalence of drinking in female adults was 13.9% (95%CI: 11.7-16.2) in urban area and 13.3% (95%CI: 9.4-17.2) in rural area. The prevalence of frequent drinking was 13.9% (95%CI: 9.9-17.9) in women in urban area and 14.2% (95%CI: 10.8-17.6) in women in rural area. The prevalence of excessive drinking was 11.1% (95%CI: 7.5-14.8) in women in urban area and 12.8% (95%CI: 9.1-16.4) in women in rural area. The prevalence of wine drinking in women in urban area was significantly higher than in women in rural and had positive correlation with income and education levels. The social and economic factors influencing drinking behavior of the female adults included occupation, drinking behaviors of family members and smoking behavior. Those who were engaged in agriculture, production and transportation (OR=0.72, 95%CI: 0.56-0.94, P=0.016), housework (OR=0.59, 95%CI: 0.44-0.78, P<0.001) and other work (OR=0.61, 95%CI: 0.43-0.85, P=0.004) had lower drinking prevalence. Whereas those whose family members had drinking behavior (OR=2.66, 95%CI: 2.17-3.26, P<0.001) and those who were current smokers (OR=4.32, 95%CI: 2.95-6.34, P<0.01) had higher drinking prevalence. Conclusions: The prevalence of drinking, frequent alcohol drinking and excessive drinking were relatively low in female adults in China. Occupation, drinking behaviors of family members and smoking behavior were the main factors influencing the prevalence drinking behavior in female adults in China.
Adult ; Alcohol Drinking/epidemiology* ; Asian People ; China/epidemiology* ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Rural Population ; Sex Distribution ; Urban Population

Objective: To understand the prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in 5 populations in China during 2016-2017 and provide evidence for the estimation of prevalence trend of hepatitis C and evaluation on the prevention and control effect. Methods: A total of 87 national sentinel surveillance sites for hepatitis C were set up in 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) of China to obtain the information about HCV infection prevalence in 5 populations, including volunteer blood donors, people receiving physical examination, patients receiving invasive diagnosis and treatment, patients receiving hemodialysis, and clients visiting family planning outpatient clinics. From April to June, 2016 and 2017, cross-sectional surveys were repeatedly conducted in the 5 populations and blood samples were collected from them for HCV antibody detection. Results: In 2016, 86 sentinel sites completed the surveillance (one sentinel site was not investigated), and 115 841 persons were surveyed. The overall HCV positive rate was 0.38% (442/115 841, 95%CI: 0.23%-0.53%). In 2017, all the 87 sentinel sites completed the surveillance, and 120 486 persons were surveyed. The overall HCV positive rate was 0.37% (449/120 486, 95%CI: 0.23%-0.52%). In 2016 and 2017, the anti-HCV positive rates were 4.46% (223/5 005, 95%CI: 2.18%-6.73%) and 4.39% (216/4 919, 95%CI: 2.29%-6.50%) respectively in hemodialysis patients, 0.85% (44/5 200, 95%CI: 0.27%-1.42%) and 0.70% (36/5 150, 95%CI: 0.15%-1.24%) respectively in patients receiving invasive diagnosis and treatment and remained to be ≤0.25% in volunteer blood donors, people receiving physical examination and clients visiting family planning outpatient clinics. Results for the comparison of the anti-HCV positive rates in the 5 populations indicated that the differences were significant (F=23.091, P<0.001 in 2016 and F=20.181, P<0.001 in 2017). Conclusions: Data from the sentinel surveillance of HCV infection on prevalence in China showed that the anti-HCV positive rates varied in the 5 populations during 2016-2017. The anti-HCV positive rate appeared the highest in the hemodialysis patients, followed by that in the patients receiving invasive diagnosis and treatment, and the prevalence of HCV infection in other 3 populations were at low levels.
China/epidemiology* ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Hepacivirus ; Hepatitis C/epidemiology* ; Hepatitis C Antibodies ; Humans ; Prevalence ; Sentinel Surveillance