Objective: To explore the effects of both pre-gestational BMI and gestational weight gain (GWG) on the birth weight of neonates. Methods: A total of 5 395 pregnant women were selected from the Southwest areas of China (Sichuan/Yunnan/Guizhou) and were divided into groups as pre-gestational underweight, normal weight, overweight and obesity, according to the WHO Recommendation on BMI Classification. Guidelines on Pregnancy weight were adopted from the Institute of Medicine to confirm the accuracy of GWG. Multinomial logistic regression model was used to assess the associations between pregestational BMI and GWG, on the birth weight of the neonates. Results: After adjusting for related confounders, low pre-gestational BMI appeared as a risk factor for SGA (OR=1.91, 95%CI: 1.47-2.50), and was also associated with the decreased risk of LGA (OR=0.55, 95%CI: 0.47-0.66). Inadequate GWG was both associated with the increased risk of delivering SGA (OR=1.57, 95%CI: 1.21-2.03) and the decreased risk of LGA (OR=0.48, 95%CI: 0.41-0.57). Pre-gestational overweight/obesity (OR=1.85, 95%CI: 1.58-2.17) and excessive GWG (OR=1.87, 95%CI: 1.67- 2.11) were both positively associated with the risks on LGA. Data from the stratified analysis indicated that inadequate GWG was positively associated with the risk of SGA among underweight or normal weight women (all P<0.05), but not with those overweight/obese women. Conclusions: Pre-gestational BMI and GWG were important influencing factors on the birth weight of neonates. Health education programs for pregnant women should be intensified and gestational weight gain should also be reasonably under control.
Adult ; Birth Weight ; Body Mass Index ; China ; Female ; Gestational Weight Gain ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Obesity ; Overweight ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Outcome ; Prospective Studies ; Weight Gain

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of physical activity and its influencing factors in rural residents in Shanxi and Chongqing. Methods: In four counties (districts) of Shanxi and Chongqing, local residents aged ≥18 who lived there for more than one year and had no plan to migrate to other areas in 2 years were surveyed through face to face questionnaire interviews to collect the information about their daily physical activity time, sedentary time, related knowledge and attitude, and others. Results: The physical inactivity rate of the residents was 14.9%, and 88.7% of residents never took daily physical activity. The average sedentary time was (3.91±2.06) hours. The results of multivariate analysis showed that education level, per capita monthly income and activity degree were the factors influencing physical inactivity. Conclusion: The proportion of people who never took daily physical activity in the survey area was higher than the average level in rural areas in China, so measures should be taken to improve the overall rate of physical activity. For people who have exercise willingness, but have no practice, and those who have already increased their physical activities, targeted guidance is needed on the basis of strengthened health education.
China ; Educational Status ; Exercise ; Health Education ; Humans ; Income ; Motivation ; Motor Activity ; Physicians ; Prevalence ; Rural Population ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Objective: To investigate the distribution patterns of mosquitoes, midges and related arboviruses in Sichuan province. Methods: Blood-sucking insects were collected from houses and pens, using the ultraviolet lights. Mosquito samples were classified according to morphologic characteristics and then stored at liquid nitrogen. All samples were incubated with BHK-21 and C6/36 cells for virus isolation and then detected for their viral genes. Sequences of the virus were identified and analyzed by molecular biological software, such as BioEdit 7.0.5.3, MEGA 6.0. Results: In total, 17 019 mosquitoes from 3 genera and 4 species and 12 700 midges were collected from the southeast regions of Sichuan province in 2016 and 2017. Among them, 79.4% (13 519/17 019) belonged to Culex tritaeniorhynchus with 11.1% (1 897/17 019) as Armigeres subalbatus, 5.5% (930/17 019) were Anopheles sinensis and 4.0% (673/17 019) were Anopheles sinensis 3 virus strains that isolated from Culex tritaeniorhynchus were identified as typeⅠ Japanese encephalitis virus. Seven pools of mosquitoes isolated from Hejiang county were identified Japanese encephalitis virus gene positive through PCR amplification. With 4 pool midges were detected positive for Akabane virus through PCR gene amplification while midges samples didn't have virus isolates. Conclusions: Culex tritaeniorhynchus appeared the predominant species in the southeast regions of Sichuan. Japanese encephalitis virus transmitted by mosquitoes and Akabane virus by midges were prevalent in southeast Sichuan province.
Animals ; Arboviruses ; Culicidae ; Encephalitis Virus, Japanese/isolation & purification* ; Encephalitis, Japanese/diagnosis* ; Genes, Viral ; Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques ; Phylogeny ; Polymerase Chain Reaction