Objective To evaluate therapeutic effects of Bushen-Zhuanggu medicine extraction on bone destruction in rats bone cancer pain.Methods Rat models of cancer-induced bone pain were established by inoculating MRMT-1 cells into tibia of rats.Behavioral signs indicative of pain including 50%paw withdrawal threshold(von Frey tactile sensitivity test)and thermal withdrawal latency were observed.Pathomorphological changes of tibia were monitored with HE staining.Results In the behavioral tests,herbal medicine treatment attenuated mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia.Histological examination showed that this treatment inhibited tumor proliferation and preserved the cortical and trabccular bone structure.Conclusion Bushen-Zhuanggu medicine extraction is an anti-nociceptive and bone-preserving agent in rats of bone cancer pain.

Objective To evaluate the analgesic effects of herbal medicine extraction on bone cancer pain of rat models. Methods Rat models of cancer-induced bone pain was established by using the MRMT-1 cell line injected into the tibia. Changes of behavioral signs indicative of pain including 50% paw withdrawal threshold (von Frey tactile sensitivity test)and thermal withdrawal latency were observed. The cellular reorganization of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) was measured by histological analysis. Results In the behavioural tests, herbal medicine treatment attenuated mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia. Histological examination showed that herbal medicine inhibited DRG neuronal nuclear and somatic size reduction with nucleolar segregation. Conclusion The herbal medicine extraction was an anti-nociceptive agent in rat models of bone cancer pain.

Objective:To evaluate the anti-metastatic and bone preserving therapeutic effects of herbal medicine extraction on rat model of bone metastatic carcinoma.Methods:A rat model of cancer-induced bone pain using the MRMT-1 cell line injected into the tibia was established to investigate the efficacy of the herbal medicine extraction,on osteoclast activity and bone mineral density.The development of the bone tumor and structural damage to the bone was monitored by radiological analysis.Specimens of the tibial bone were processed for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase(TRAP)stain to observe the bone pathological changes and count TRAP stained osteoclasts.OPG and RANKL expression was evaluated by immunohistological methord.Results:Histological and radiological examination showed that the herbal medicine extraction significantly inhibited tumor proliferation and preserved the cortical and trabecular bone structure.In addition,a dramatic reduction of tartrate resistant acid phosphatase-positive polykaryocytes(osteoclasts)and increase of OPG expression were observed.Conclusions:The herbal medicine extraction was an anti-metastatic and bone preserving therapeutic effects in a rat model of metastatic cancer pain.

Objective To observe the effects of acupuncture on blood lipids of hyperlipidemia mice, and explore the mechanism of acupuncture against endothelial dysfunction. Methods 40 ApoE (-/- ) mice were randomly divided into control group (C), acupuncture at non-acupoint group (D), acupuncture at acupoint group (E), and simvastatin group (F) with 10 cases in each group. After 8 weeks, total cholesterol (TC), the plasma angiotensin II (Ang II), endothelin-1 (ET-1) and nitric oxide (NO) were measured with enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA). The mice myocardial angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R), and endothelin-1 type A receptor (ETAR) protein were detected with Western blotting. Results The blood lipid, the content of plasma Ang II and ET-1, and the level of AT1R and ETAR in the heart tissue were significantly lower, and the content of NO was significantly higher in groups E and F than in group C (P<0.05). Conclusion Acupuncture can inhibit the level of blood lipids in ApoE(-/-) mice, reduce the levels of Ang II and ET-1, increase the level of NO in peripheral blood, and inhibit the expression of AT1R, ETAR in heart tissue.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and hemorheological effects of traditional Chinese medicine injection combined with conventional Western medicine in the treatment of stable angina pectoris in coronarrt heartdisease using a mesh meta-analysis system.Methods Computer searches were conducted on China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),WanFang Data Knowledge Service Platform(WanFang Data),VIP,SinoMed,PubMed,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,and other clinical randomized controlled trials(RCTs)related to the combination of traditional Chinese medicine injection and conventional Western medicine for the treatment of stable angina pectoris in coronary heart disease.The search was conducted until April 2023.The Cochrane bias risk assessment tool was used to evaluate the quality of the included studies,and Stata13.0 software was used for meta-analysis.Results 57 RCTs were ultimately included,involving 5 types of traditional Chinese medicine injections.The results of the network meta-analysis showed that:① in terms of clinical total effective rate,the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine injection was ranked in the following order:conventional Western medicine treatment combined with Shenmai injection>Shenxiong glucose injection>Shenfu injection>Ciwujia injection>Huangqi injection>conventional Western medicine treatment;② In terms of the effective rate of angina symptoms,the order of efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine injection is conventional Western medicine treatment combined with Shenxiong glucose injection>Ciwujia injection+conventional therapy>Huangqi injection>Shenfu injection>Shenmai injection>conventional Western medicine treatment;③ In terms of the effective rate of electrocardiogram,the order of efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine injection is conventional Western medicine treatment combined with Shenmai injection>Shenxiong glucose injection>Huangqi injection>Ciwujia injection>Shenfu injection>conventional Western medicine treatment;④ In terms of improving the high shear viscosity of whole blood,the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine injection is ranked in the following order:conventional Western medicine treatment combined with Shenmai injection>Shenxiong glucose injection>Shenfu injection>Huangqi injection>Ciwujia injection>conventional Western medicine treatment;⑤ In terms of improving whole blood low shear viscosity,the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine injections is ranked in the following order:conventional Western medicine treatment combined with Shenfu injection>Shenmai injection>Shenxiong glucose injection>Ciwujia injection>Huangqi injection>conventional Western medicine treatment;⑥ In terms of improving plasma viscosity,the order of efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine injection is conventional Western medicine treatment combined with Huangqi injection>Shenfu injection>Shenmai injection>Shenxiong glucose injection>Ciwujia injection>conventional Western medicine treatment;⑦ In terms of improving fibrinogen,the efficacy ranking of traditional Chinese medicine injection is conventional Western medicine treatment combined with Shenfu injection>Shenxiong glucose injection>Shenmai injection>Ciwujia injection>conventional Western medicine treatment.Conclusion The combination of traditional Chinese medicine injection and conventional Western medicine treatment has a significant effect on stable angina pectoris in coronary heart disease.Among them,Shenmai Injection has the best therapeutic effect in terms of clinical total effective rate,electrocardiogram,and improvement of whole blood high shear viscosity;In terms of improving angina symptoms,Shenxiong Glucose Injection has the best effect;In terms of improving whole blood low shear viscosity and fibrinogen,Shenfu Injection has the best effect;In terms of improving plasma viscosity,Shenfu Injection has the best effect,but currently it is limited by the number and quality of studies included,and the above conclusions still need to be verified by more high-quality studies.

Myocardial fibrosis （MF）， characterized by decreased cardiac function and myocardial compliance， is a pathological process and a progression factor in various cardiovascular diseases. The nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat and pyrin domain-containing receptor 3 （NLRP3） inflammasome is closely related to the development of MF. Recent studies have shown that traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） can regulate the NLRP3 inflammasome to alleviate MF. Based on this， this article systematically summarizes the research progress on the mechanisms by which TCM regulates the NLRP3 inflammasome to improve MF. It is found that active ingredients of TCM， such as alkaloids （lycorine，vincristine，bufalin）， saponins （astragaloside Ⅳ， diosgenin，ginsenoside Rg3）， terpenoids （celastrol，oridonin）， and phenols （polydatin，curcumin，phloridzin） as well as TCM formulas （Zhachong shisanwei pills，Zhilong huoxue tongyu capsules， Luqi formula） can inhibit the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome， thereby suppressing the release of inflammatory factors such as interleukin-1β and IL-18， reducing inflammatory damage to myocardial tissue， alleviating excessive deposition of the extracellular matrix， and thus exerting the effect of improving MF.

Guided by Academician Zhang Boli's theory of "dampness， turbidity， phlegm， and fluid-related diseases"，this paper elaborated on the pathogenesis and syndrome differentiation treatment of heart failure from the perspective of the "spleen-mitochondria". It analyzed the essential similarities between "spleen-mitochondria" and "dampness， turbidity， phlegm， and fluid-related diseases"， as well as their close association with the onset of heart failure. Furthermore，it explored the connection between spleen function and mitochondrial function in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM），positing that the spleen's role in transportation and transformation is analogous to mitochondrial material metabolism and energy conversion，with spleen deficiency closely related to mitochondrial dysfunction. It thus concluded that mitochondrial material metabolism and energy conversion represent the microscopic essence of the spleen's role in transportation and transformation，and mitochondrial dysfunction is a contributing factor to pathological products like dampness and turbid phlegm，which are closely associated with the occurrence of heart failure. The four elements of dampness，turbidity，phlegm，and fluid are a series of related symptoms resulting from abnormal fluid transportation and transformation，serving as both factors in the onset of heart failure and the core pathological basis for its deterioration. Therefore，during the treatment of heart failure，it is essential to regulate mitochondrial function. Early intervention should focus on eliminating dampness and turbidity to improve mitochondrial function and restore normal energy metabolism. In the middle and late stages，emphasis should be placed on resolving phlegm，promoting blood circulation，warming Yang，and reducing water retention to alleviate mitochondrial damage and improve cardiac function. Supporting Qi and strengthening the spleen should be a continuous approach，and treatment should be adjusted to enhance mitochondrial function and stabilize the condition，thereby improving prognosis. This paper discussed the role of the spleen and mitochondria in the pathogenesis of heart failure，examined the evolution of heart failure mechanisms from the perspective of dampness， turbidity， phlegm， and fluid-related diseases，and proposed a phased treatment strategy. It enriched the theory of dampness， turbidity， phlegm， and fluid-related diseases and offered new strategies for heart failure treatment. However，in practical application，TCM strategies for treating heart failure need to be integrated with modern medical approaches to provide a more solid scientific foundation for treatment.