The present study was to develop and design a new sonography rigid bronchoscopy and corollary vacuum-assisted biopsy device system with less injury and complication. The system combined ultrasonic-probe with ultrasound catheter, a new medical ultrasound technique, and rigid bronchoscopy (RB) which is improved with an auxiliary vacuum-assisted biopsy device. The principle of the device is vacuum suction and rotary knife. The reduced outer diameter of the RB led to less pain and lower complications for the patient. With the help of ultrasonic-probe (30 MHz), lesions and blood vessels can be identified clearly and unintentional puncture and damage to blood vessels can be avoided. Plenty of lesions can be obtained quickly through the vacuum-assisted biopsy device without getting puncture needle in and out repeatedly. The novel endobronchial sonography rigid bronchoscopy and matched vacuum-assisted biopsy device has many remarkable advantages. It can enlarge the applied range of the RB from endobronchial to mediastinal lesions, avoiding unintentional puncture of vessels. Obtaining multiple samples with a higher accuracy rate than that by other sampling techniques, minimizing operation time, alleviating pain and decreasing the complication rate, the system makes up the technical deficiency for the diagnosis and treatment of the mediastinal lesions, to a certain degree.
Biopsy, Needle ; instrumentation ; Bronchoscopy ; instrumentation ; Equipment Design ; Humans ; Mediastinum ; pathology ; Ultrasonography ; instrumentation ; Vacuum

Objective To investigate the reproducibility of magnetic resonance intravoxel incoherent motion in body diffusionG weighted imaging (IVIMGDWI)for normal lumbar disc scanning.Methods 50 healthy volunteers were enrolled with informed consent,30 males and 20 females,2 5.20±2.04 years old.Using 3.0T MR on the lumbar spine,the sagittal T1 WI,the sagittal,axial T2 WI and sagittal IVIMGDWI sequences were scanned once,then the second sagittal IVIMGDWI sequence was scanned after 4 hours.The IVIMGDWI sequence used 10 b values (0,10,20,40,60,80,100,200,400,600 s/mm2 ).The discs were graded according to the Pfirrmann grading standard.The ADCfast ,ADCslow ,and f values of each intervertebral disc were measured by two doctors at the postGprocessing workstation.Paired tGtest was used to analyze whether there was a difference between the two scans.The intraGgroup correlation coefficient (ICC)was used to analyze the consistency of the ADCfast ,ADCslow ,and f values of the two acquisitions (P＜0.05)and the consistency of the ADCfast ,ADCslow,and f values between the different doctors (P＜0.05).The IVIMGDWI imaging was evaluated to measure the repeatability of normal lumbar discs. Results Of the 50 healthy volunteers,230 intervertebral discs matched the criteria(Pfirrmann gradeⅠandⅡ).The ADCslowvalue between the two scans was significantly different (t＝2.460,P＜0.05),and the differences in ADCfast and f values were not significant (t＝－0.418,1.273,P＞0.05). The consistency of ADCfast ,ADCslow ,and f values for the two scans were generally (ICC＝0.478,0.306,0.316,P＜0.05 ).Different observers had good consistency in the measurement of interverG tebral disc ADCfast ,ADCslow,and f values (ICC＝0.929,0.909, 0.9 1 1 ,P＜0.05).Conclusion The IVIMGDWI imaging has good consistency in the measurement of normal lumbar disc between different observers.The consistency of IVIMGDWI in two scans of normal lumbar intervertebral discs is general,which may be due to the time interval between the two scans.Because ADCslow represents the diffusion of water molecules in tissues,the microenvironment in the lumbar intervertebral disc has changed,resulting in the difference of ADCslow value.As for the problem that different scanning time may lead to the change of IVIMGDWI data,we will study it further.

Objective To explore the value of the morphological quantitative indexes and the number of emboli in predicting heart function in patients with acute pulmonary embolism (APE)based on computer-aided diagnosis (CAD)technique.Methods One-hundred and forty-eight APE patients confirmed by CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA)in our hospital.Total number of emboli (N)and three morphological quantitative indexes,including total volume of emboli (V),total length (L)and total maximum cross-section embolism proportion (P)were obtained by CAD.The maximal short axis and area of left and right ventricular (LVd,RVd,LVS,RVS)were measured by hand on axial image to calculate the ratio of maximal short axis of right and left ventricular (RVd/LVd)and ratio of maximal area of right and left ventricular (RVS/LVS).The correlation of the above indexes was analyzed by the Pearson correlation of SPSS 22.0.Results The ranking of the correlation between CAD indexes and the heart function was in the order of V,L,P and N.The correlation between CAD indexes and the right heart function was greater than that of the left heart.The V had the strongest correlation with RVd (r=0.544,P=0.000),RVS (r=0.515,P=0.000),RVd/LVd (r=0.595,P=0.000)and RVS/LVS (r=0.579,P=0.000),respectively.While other the CAD indexes had lower correlation with the heart function (|r|:0.167-0.476,P<0.05),and there was no correlation between the N and the left heart function.Conclusion In embolic morphology and quantitative indexes,the V is the best quantitative index to reflect the change of right heart function in APE,which can reflect dys-function of right heart and severity of pulmonary embolism dis-ease in the APE embolism patient.

Shoulder pain ranks the third in musculoskeletal pain,with relatively high incidence in the population.Early diagnosis of shoulder diseases is crucial.Deep learning(DL)in shoulder joint imaging was conducive to clinical diagnosis,treatment and prognosis evaluation of shoulder diseases.The research progresses of DL in shoulder joint imaging were reviewed in this article.

Objective:To investigate the effect of Qideng Mingmu capsule on the formation and remodeling of retinal neovascularization in mice with oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR).Methods:Thirty-six postnatal day 7 (P7)SPF grade C57BL/6J pups were divided into normal group, OIR group, Qideng Mingmu capsule group and apatinib group by random number table method, with 9 mice in each group.The mice in the normal group were raised in normal environment.The mice in the other three groups were fed in hyperoxic environment of (75±2)% oxygen concentration for 5 days from P7 to P12 and then were fed in normal environment for 5 days from P12 to P17 to establish the OIR model.From P12, mice in Qideng Mingmu capsule group and apatinib group were given intragastric administration of Qideng Mingmu capsule (900 mg/kg) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 inhibitor apatinib (70 mg/kg) respectively, once a day for 5 consecutive days.On P17, paraffin sections of mouse eyeballs were made and stained with hematoxylin-eosin to count the number of vascular endothelial cells that broke through the internal limiting membrane.The retinal slices were prepared and stained with FITC-dextran to quantify the retinal non-perfusion area, neovascularization density and total vascular density.The distribution and fluorescence intensity of retinal vascular endothelial cell marker CD31 and pericyte marker α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) were observed by double immunofluorescence staining.Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression and distribution of retinal hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin).The use and care of animals were in accordance with the Regulations on the Management of Laboratory Animals issued by the Ministry of Science and Technology.This study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (No.2019-30).Results:The number of vascular endothelial cells breaking through the internal limiting membrane in normal group, OIR group, Qideng Mingmu capsule group and apatinib group were (2.83±4.40), (37.33±5.43), (23.83±6.79) and (14.00±9.34), respectively, with a statistically significant overall difference ( F=28.313, P<0.001).There were more vascular endothelial cells breaking through internal limiting membrane in OIR group than in normal group, Qideng Mingmu capsule group and apatinib group, showing statistically significant differences (all at P<0.05).In the observation of mouse retinal slices, there were large non-perfusion areas, neovascularization buds and disordered distribution of blood vessels in OIR group.The distribution of blood vessels was more uniform and the areas of non-perfusion and neovascularization were smaller in Qideng Mingmu capsule group and apatinib group than in OIR group.The relative area of central retinal non-perfusion area and neovascularization density were significantly lower in normal group, Qideng Mingmu capsule group and apatinib group than in OIR group (all at P<0.05).The immunofluorescence intensity of CD31 and the absorbance value of HIF-1α were significantly lower, and the immunofluorescence intensity of α-SMA and the absorbance value of VE-cadherin were significantly higher in normal group, Qideng Mingmu capsule group and apatinib group than in OIR group (all at P<0.05). Conclusions:Qideng Mingmu capsule can inhibit retinal neovascularization formation, increase vascular pericyte coverage, relieve retinal hypoxia and increase vascular integrity in OIR mice.It can protect the retinal vessels of OIR mice.