Objective To study the benzylphenethylamine alkaloids from the bulbs and flowers of Lycoris radiata.Methods Alkaloids were isolated by various column chromatographic methods and their structures were identified by spectral data.Results Fifteen known benzylphenethylamine alkaloids were isolated and identified as lycoramine(1),O-demethyllycoramine(2),N-demethyllycoramine(3),galanthamine(4),lycorine(5),caranine(6),ungminorine(7),narciclasine(8),5-hydroxy-10-O-demethyl-homolycorine(9),hippeastrine(10),ungerine(11),hippeastrine N-oxide(12),O-demethylhaemanthamine(13),haemanthidine(14),and 8-demethoxybostasine(15).Conclusion Compound 15 is first isolated from the plants in Amaryllidaceae,compounds 3,6,9,and 11 are first reported from the plants in Lycoris Herb.,and compounds 2,7,and 14 are isolated from L.radiata for the fast time.The 13C-NMR data of compouds 3,7,and 12 are first reported in the present study.Furthermore,the galasine-type alkaloid is isolated from the plants of Lycoris Herb.for the first time.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of the active site of Xiangshia Liujunzitang on behavior, injury of hippocampal neurons and Ca2+ ion in hippocampal synaptic in the depression model mice.

METHODSixty male Kunming mice were randomly divided into 5 group, the control group, the model group and the active site of Xiangshia Liujunzitang groups (400, 600, 800 mg x kg(-1) body weight). The model was established by separation and chronic unpredictable mild stimulation. The increased weight and crossing scores, rearing scores were measured by open-field and sweet water consumption of mice. Cone cell and configuration of neuron in CA1, CA3 region of hippocampus were observed by Nissl. The concentration of Hippocampal synaptic Ca2+ was detected by fluorimetry.

RESULTComparing with the mice of control, the increased weight was slowed (P < 0.001), the scores of rearing and crossing were decreased (P < 0.001), sweet water consumption were decreased, too. Numbers of cone cells in CA3 region of hippocampus were decreased obviously (P < 0.001), and Ca2+ ion in hippocampal synaptic was increased obviously. Comparing with the mice of model, the active site of Xiangshia Liujunzitang could increase the increased weight on the 14 th and 21 st day obviously. The active site of Xiangshia Liujunzitang could increase the scores of crossing obviously (P < 0.05), with no dose-effect relationship. The active site of Xiangshia Liujunzitang (800 mg x kg(-1)) could increase the scores of rearing obviously (P < 0.001); The active site of Xiangshia Liujunzitang (400, 600, 800 mg x kg(-1)) could increase sweet water consumption obviously (P < 0.01, P < 0.01, P < 0.001); The active site of Xiangshia Liujunzitang (600, 800 mg x kg(-1)) could increase numbers of cone cell in CA3 region of hippocampus obviously (P < 0.001); The active site of Xiangshia Liujunzitang (600, 800 mg x kg(-1)) could decreased Ca2+ in hippocampal synaptic with dose-effect relationship (P < 0.01, P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONThe active site of Xiangshia Liujunzitang can improve all the symptoms of the depression model mice and protect the injury of hippocampal neurons in the depression model mice. The possible mechanism of action is to restrict Ca2+ ion overfreight.

Animals ; Behavior, Animal ; drug effects ; Depression ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Hippocampus ; cytology ; drug effects ; injuries ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Neurons ; drug effects ; Random Allocation

Objective:To explore the clinical outcome of early endoscopic realignment with flexible cystoscope for pelvic fracture urethral injury.Methods:We retrospectively collected and analyzed the clinical data of patients with pelvic fracture urethral injuries in ER of Beijing Jishuitan Hospital from March 2018 to June 2022.Seventy-six male patients with PFUI were reviewed and 60 patients were included due to the integrity of data collected. The patients were divided into early endoscopic realignment (EER) group and suprapubic cystostomy (SC) group according to the acute management. There were 33 patients and 27 patients in EER group and SC group, respectively. The age of the patients were (42.2±13.8)years and (44.1±15.0) years in EER group and SC group, respectively. The causes of the injuries were car accident, falling and crush, the percentage of the patients were 60.6%(20 cases), 33.3%(11 cases), 6.1%(2 cases) and 55.6%(15 cases), 44.4%(12 cases), 0 in EER group and SC group, respectively. The difference between two groups was statistically insignificant. The procedure of EER began with a cystostomy guided by B ultrasound, then an antegrade cystoscopy was performed through the cystostomy while negociating the bladder neck to the proximal side of injured urethra. A ureteral stent was inserted into the broken urethra and retrieved by a forceps through retrograde urethroscopy with another flexible cystoscope. We inserted a guidewire into the ureteral stent before removing it and placed a 16F urethral catheter along the guidewire. We analyzed the difference between two groups including the incidence, the length and the management of urethral stricture and the complexity of urethroplasty if needed. The simple urethroplasty was defined as performing anastomosis after dissection of the bulbar urethral and removing the scar tissue, while the procedure was defined as complex urethroplasty if ancillary procedures, such as separating the corporal bodies and partial pubectomy, was needed.Results:The EER group and SC group had 33 patients and 27 patients, respectively. The mean operation time of EER was (24.5±7.0)minutes and there was no intra-operative complications. Postoperatively, 4 cases of bleeding and 2 cases of UTI were found, which were successfully treated by conservative managements. Twenty-eight out of 33 patients(84.8%) in EER group developed urethral stricture and the mean length of it was (3.10±1.20)cm. However, all patients in SC group developed urethral stricture (100.0%) with the mean stricture length of (3.83±1.18)cm. The difference between two groups in term of the length of stricture was statistically significant ( P=0.026). 24 patients(85.7%) in EER group were treated by urethroplsty, 2 patients(7.1%) with endoscopic urethrotomy and 2 patients (7.1%) with dilation. All were treated with urethroplasty but 2 patients with endoscopic in SC group. In EER group, 8 strictures (33.3%)finished with simple urethroplasty and 16 strictures (66.7%) with complex urethroplasty.While in SC group, 6 strictures(24.0%) completed with simple urethroplasty and 19 strictures (76.0%)with complex urethroplasty. The complexity of urethroplasty performed in EER group was not statistically significant when compared with it in SC group( P=0.538). Conclusions:The procedure of EER with flexible cystoscope is reliable and safe. Most patients with formed urethral stricture after PFUI would be treated with urethroplasty. EER can reduce the urethral stricture formation and may decrease the need of the ancillary procedures during the urethroplasties if needed.