OBJECTIVE To intensify the management of the nursing in operating room and to prevent and control nosocomial infection. METHODS During the course of the management of nosocomial infection in operating room,the causation of nosocomial infection was found through analyzing the possible tache of nosocomial infection and a series of relevant measures were taken to improve the control of nosocomial infection in operating room. RESULTS The management system of nosocomial infection in operating room was intensified and nosocomial infection in operating room was controlled effectively. CONCLUSIONS The establishment of the effective system and measures of nosocomial infection in operating room have an important effect on the improvement of the management of the nursing operating room and the control of nosocomial infection.

Objective To determine the expression of myosin heavy chain 9 (MYH9) in colorectal adenocarcinoma tissues and its clinical significance.Methods Immunohistochemistry and tissue-array were used to determine MYH9 expression in human colorectal adenocarcinoma tissues and matched adjacent tissues.A statistical analysis was performed to establish the potential correlation between MYH9 expression and the patients' clinicopathological characteristics,tumor progression,and prognosis.Results MYH9 is up-regulated in colorectal adenocarcinoma tissues compared with matched adjacent tissues (P =0.000),and it was shown that MYH9 expression is significantly correlated with age (P =0.050),clinical stage (P =0.000),lymph node (P=0.010) and distant (P =0.000) metastasis,but not with sex,primary sites,grade,infiltration,clinical stage (all P ＞ 0.05);it was also shown that MYH9 expression had a significant influence on prognosis (x2 =20.437,P =0.000).Multivariate analyses showed that high MYH9 expression is an independent poor prognostic factor for overall survival (P =0.013).Conclusions The up-regulation of MYH9 in colorectal adenocarcinoma closely correlates with age,clinical tumor stage,metastasis and patient's survival.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic procedures and treatment choice of primary malignant tumor of the duodenum.Methods The clinical data of 170 cases with primary malignant tumor of the duodenum at Peking University People's Hospital from 1996 to 2015 were analyzed retrospectively.Results Tumors located in the first,second,third and fourth parts in 14 cases (8.2％),144 cases (84.7％),9 cases (5.3％),and 3 cases (1.8％) respectively,and among them,tumors within papillary area accounted for 62.4％ (106 cases).The main clinical presentations included jaundice,upper abdominal pain,abdominal distention,nausea and vomiting.Among the 170 cases,125 cases obtained accurate tumor stages,with 34 cases on stage Ⅰ (27.2％),45 cases on stage Ⅱ (36.0％),30 cases on stage Ⅲ (24.0％),16 cases on stage Ⅳ (12.8％).The accuracy rate of ultrasound and CT in preoperative diagnosis was 27.6％,and 72.3％ respectively.The pathological type of 144 cases (84.7％) was adenocarcinoma.The postoperative 1-,3-and 5-year survival rate was 69.1％,48.6％ and 33.9％.Conclusions Most primary malignant duodenal tumors are located in papillary region,necessitating radical pancreaticoduodenecomy,early diagnosis remains the key for longterm survival.

Objective To investigate the computed tomography(CT)imaging features of IgG4-related kidney disease(IgG4-RKD).Methods The clinicopathological and imaging data of 36 IgG4-RKD patients(including 26 cases of renal parenchyma,10 cases of renal pelvis,24 cases of double kidney or multiple lesions,and 12 cases of single focus)were retrospectively analyzed.Results IgG4-RKD had specific clinicopathological and imaging features.Although the kidney or renal pelvis was involved,there were no common clinical manifestations of malignant tumors such as hydronephrosis and hematuria.The boundary was clear and complete,and it had typical characteristics of continuous progressive enhancement.The peak value was mostly in the solid and excretory phase,and there were no imaging manifestations such as liquefaction,necrosis,cystic degeneration,and calcification.Even if the renal pelvis was obviously involved and the focus was large,there was no invasion of the peripheral renal parenchyma,the shape of the renal pelvis still existed,the wall was smooth,and there was no enlarged peripheral lymph nodes.Conclusions CT images of IgG4-RKD are similar to those of renal malignant tumors.Based on clinicopathological features,CT findings,and blood IgG4-related tests,a definite diagnosis can be made and unnecessary operation can be avoided.
Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulin G4-Related Disease/pathology* ; Kidney Neoplasms/pathology* ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Objective To determine the expression of G-protein coupled receptor 34 (GPR34) in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues.Methods Immunohistochemistry and tissue-array were used to determine GPR34 expression in human hepatocellular carcinoma tissues and matched adjacent tissues.A statistical analysis was performed to establish the potential correlation between GPR34 expression and the patients'clinicopathological characteristics,tumor progression,and prognosis.Results GPR34 is up-regulated in primary hepatocellular carcinoma tissues compared with matched adjacent tissues (P =0.003),and it was shown that GPR34 expression is significantly correlated with tumor size (P =0.024),small hepatocellular carcinoma(0.030) and infiltration(P =0.012),but not with sex,age,grade,chnical stage (all P ＞0.05) ; it was also shown that GPR34 expression had a significant influence on prognosis (X2 =5.617,P=0.018).Multivariate analyses showed that high GPR34 expression is an independent poor prognostic factor for overall survival (P =0.037).Conclusions The up-regulation of GPR34 acts as an potential prooncogene in the development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma.GPR34 may be a useful diagnostic or prognostic molecular biomarker,and a potential target for therapeutic intervention.

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect of microwave ablation in combination with TACE for the treatment of primary liver carcinoma (PLC). Methods From Jan. 2004 to Dec. 2008, 63 PLC patients underwent ultrasound-guided microwave ablation (percutaneous or open) under general anesthesia. Repeated microwave ablation or TACE was used when an incompleted ablation or recurrence was found during postoperative regular follow-up. Results These 63 PLC patients have received a total of 82 sessions of microwave ablation procedure (1 to 5 sessions for each patient). There were 2 early postoperative deaths with a procedure-related mortality of 3.2%. At the end of the follow-up, 22 patients were alive and 38 died,and the other one was lost to follow-up. The survival rates in 1,2 and 3 years were 63.3%,42.1% and 26.5%, respectively, with a median survival of 20 months for all patients. The survival for PLC patients with early stage (TNM Ⅰ and Ⅱ) was significantly longer than that of advanced stage (TNM Ⅲ and Ⅳ). The 1,2 and 3 year's cumulative survival rate was 93.3%,86.7% and 65.0% respectively in those 15 cases with only single tumor and the diameter≤3 cm, which were significantly longer than that of other PLC patients. Of 23 patients with recurrence,9 had solitary tumor without lymphnode and distal metastases, for which the survival rates in 1,2 and 3 years were 100%,88.9%, and 35.6%, respectively, whereas in other recurrent patients the survival rates in 1,2 and 3 years were 21.4%, 10.7% and 0%, respectively(P< 0.01). Conclusions Ultrasound-guided microwave ablation in combination with TACE is effective for PLC patients with early stage. In recurrent PLC patients after ablation therapy with solitary tumor and no lymphnode and distal metastases the survival is significantly longer than that of the others.

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics of PHPT in elderly patients, as well as the safety and effectiveness of surgical treatment.Methods:179 patients with PHPT treated from Jan. 2000 to Dec. 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. They were divided into elderly group ( n=51) and non-elderly group ( n=128) according to whether they were over 60 years old at the time of operation. The clinical data of symptoms, complications, preoperative and postoperative blood calcium, phosphorus, ALP, PTH, surgical cure rate and complication rate of the two groups were analyzed retrospectively. T-test was used for measurement data comparison. χ2 test was used for enumeration data comparison and single factor analysis. Logistic regression analysis (forward method) was used for multivariate analysis. Results:The proportion of non-specific symptoms in the elderly group, including fatigue, dizziness, loss of appetite, memory decline, was higher than that in the non-elderly group (21.6% vs 8.6%, P=0.019) . Elderly patients had lower blood ALP level[ (163.4±229.8) U/L vs (325.9±449.2) U/L, P=0.016], higher proportion of preoperative hypertension (47.1% vs 21.1%, P=0.001) , diabetes (31.4% vs 10.9%, P=0.001) , coronary heart disease (13.7% vs 3.1%, P=0.013) and tumor (13.7% vs 3.9%, P=0.025) . High proportion of non-specific symptoms was related to higher blood calcium [ OR=4.936 (95% CI 1.126-21.637) , P=0.034] and lower blood phosphorus[ OR=0.011 (95% CI 0.000-0.650) , P=0.030]. Between the two groups there was no significant difference in cure rate (94.1% vs 96.1%, P=0.564) or complication rate (27.5% vs 44.5%, P=0.127) . Conclusions:The surgical treatment of elderly patients with PHPT also has high effectiveness and safety. More attention should be paid to surgical diagnosis and treatment of elderly patients.