Objective To research the effective regions of estrogen in central nervous system of convulsive rats.Methods In two models of epilepsy with different mechanism induced by Kainic acid(KA) and flurothyl, we observed FOS expression of hippocampus, cerebral cortex and corpus striatum in the rats of convulsive group with and without estradiol (E 2) administration by means of immunohistochemistry.Results In the rats of convulsive group induced by KA and flurothyl, the FOS expression in hippocampus, cerebral cortex and corpus striatum was significant higher than those of normal control group (all P 0.05).Conclusion The FOS expression of rats'brains induced by E 2 is different in two models of epilepsy with different mechanism.

BACKGROUNDCompensatory sweating (CS) is one of the most common postoperative complications after thoracic sympathectomy, sympathicotomy or endoscopic sympathetic block (ESB) for palmar hyperhidrosis. This study was conducted to examine the relevance between CS and the sympathetic segment being transected in the surgical treatment of palmar hyperhidrosis, and thus to detect the potential mechanism of the occurrence of CS.

METHODSBetween October 2004 and June 2006, 163 patients with primary hyperhidrosis were randomly divided into two groups, T(3) sympathicotomy (78 patients) and T(4) sympathicotomy (85), who were operated upon under general anesthesia via single lumen intubation and intercostal video-mediastinoscopy (VM).

RESULTSNo morbidity or mortality occurred. Palmar hyperhidrosis was cured in all patients. Follow-up (mean (13.8 +/- 6.2) months) showed no recurrence of palmar hyperhidrosis. The difference of rates of mild CS in groups T(3) and T(4) was of no statistical significance. The rate of moderate CS was significantly lower in group T(4) than in group T(3). No severe CS occurred.

CONCLUSIONThe rates of occurrence and severity of CS are lowered with the lower sympathetic chain being transected.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hyperhidrosis ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; etiology ; Prospective Studies ; Sweating ; Sympathectomy ; adverse effects ; methods ; Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted

OBJECTIVETo explore the feasibility of one stage repairing operation on hypospadias in neonatal.

METHODSSixteen newborn infants with congenital hypospadias dated from May 1998 to Jun. 2004, who was 1 to 29 days old with average 13 days, were performed one stage repairing operation, among whom hypospadias were classified: 4 cases of type I hypospadias, 8 cases of type II, 3 cases of type III and 1 case of type IV.

RESULTSFourteen cases were cured, 1 case had urethral stricture, and 1 case had fistula. The cure rate of one stage operation was 87.5% (14/16).

CONCLUSIONOn the premise of the anesthetic safety, one stage hypospadias repairing operation is feasible in some selective cases in neonate.

Humans ; Hypospadias ; surgery ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Penis ; surgery ; Surgical Flaps ; Urethra ; surgery ; Urologic Surgical Procedures, Male ; methods

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the marginal roughness and marginal fitness of chairside computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) laminate veneers with different materials and thicknesses, and to provide a reference for the clinical application of laminate veneers. METHODS: The butt-to-butt type laminate veneers were prepared on resin typodonts, the preparations were scanned, and the laminate veneers were manufactured by chairside CAD/CAM equipment. The laminate veneers were divided into four groups (n=9) according to the materials (glass-matrix ceramics and resin-matrix ceramics) and thickness (0.3 mm and 0.5 mm) of the veneers, with a total of 36. The marginal topo-graphies of each laminate veneer were digitally recorded by stereomicroscope, and the marginal rough-nesses of the laminate veneers were determined by ImageJ software. The marginal fitness of the laminate veneers was measured by a fit checker and digital scanning and measuring method. At the same time, the mechanical properties of glass-matrix ceramic and resin-matrix ceramic bars (n=20) were tested by a universal testing device. RESULTS: The marginal roughness of 0.3 mm and 0.5 mm glass-matrix ceramic laminate veneers was (24.48±5.55) μm and (19.06±5.75) μm, respectively, with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.001). The marginal roughness of 0.3 mm and 0.5 mm resin-matrix ceramic laminate veneers was (6.13±1.27) μm and (6.84±2.19) μm, respectively, without a statistically significant difference (P>0.05). The marginal roughness of the glass-matrix ceramic laminate veneers was higher than that of the resin-matrix ceramic laminate veneers with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.001). The marginal fitness of 0.3 mm and 0.5 mm glass-matrix ceramic laminate veneers were (66.30±26.71) μm and (85.48±30.44) μm, respectively. The marginal fitness of 0.3 mm and 0.5 mm resin-matrix ceramic laminate veneers were (56.42±19.27) μm and (58.36±8.33) μm, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference among the 4 groups (P>0.05). For glass-matrix ceramics, the flexural strength was (327.40±54.25) MPa, the flexural modulus was (44.40±4.39) GPa, and the modulus of resilience was (1.24±0.37) MPa. For resin-matrix ceramics, the flexural strength was (173.71±16.61) MPa, the flexural modulus was (11.88±0.51) GPa, and the modulus of resilience was (1.29±0.27) MPa. The flexural strength and modulus of glass-matrix ceramics were significantly higher than those of resin-matrix ceramics (P < 0.001), but there was no statistically significant difference in the modulus of resilience between the two materials (P>0.05). CONCLUSION The marginal roughness of CAD/CAM glass-matrix ceramic laminate veneers is greater than that of resin-matrix ceramic laminate veneers, but there was no statistically significant difference in marginal fitness among them. Increasing the thickness can reduce the marginal roughness of glass-matrix ceramic laminate veneers, but has no effect on the marginal roughness of resin-matrix ceramic laminate veneers.
Ceramics ; Computer-Aided Design ; Dental Porcelain ; Dental Veneers ; Materials Testing ; Surface Properties