OBJECTIVE: To provide reference basis for standardizing the medicinal market of Wudu area of Gansu.METHODS: Through market research and sample collecting of Sapashnikovia divicata in Wudu of Gansu as well as a comparatively study on the morphological characters,histological structure and physicalchemical properties of Sapashnikovia divicata,a statistical analysis was conducted on certified Sapashnikovia divicata and its faked product circulating in Wudu of Gansu.RESULTS: There were a lot of faked Sapashnikovia divicata product which were very similar in exterior shape and property to the certified products,but much more different in microscopical feature and physicalchemical properties from the certified products.CONCLUSION: The study provides the theoretical basis for standardizing the market of Sapashnikovia divicata.

Objective To promote more understanding of bone metastasis and reduce the misdiag-nostic rate of bone metastatic tumor.Methods The mechanism of skeletal metastasis,the spreading pathway of tumor to bone,its frequency and distribution of skeletal metastasis,as well as relative frequency of primary malignant tumor,clinical features,diagnosis and differential diagnosis with bone metastastic tumor were re-viewed.Five misdiagnosed cases as bone metastasis were presented.Results Five cases of patients were ob-tained post-longer time of follow-up examination,ranging from24to96months(average57.6months).Case1was carcinoma of lung,and case2carcinoma of prostatic gland,both were living and well.Case4and case5were tuberculosis of lumbar spine,their conditions were stable and satisfied.A lesion of lum-bo sacral disc in case3was found and diagnosed as infection and kept stable without any back and extremities pain since first attack of disease.The causes of misdiagnosis were analyzed.Conclusion Meticulous review of the history and clinical features as well as proper explanation of the supplemental data from plain X-ray,bone scintigraphy,CT and MRI findings are essential for diagnosis of majority of bone metastatic tumor.Al -though such new imaging devices(as bone scintigraphy,CT and MRI )possess a high sensitivity for early detection of bone metastasis,yet with a poor specificity,hence orthopaedic surgeon have to catch hold of proper understanding about new imaging techniques.In difficult and doubtful cases,the bone biopsy under CT guiding may be needed,the radioisotopic Hawkeye system and diffusion weighted MR imaging are rec-ommended for differential diagnosis of senile acute benign(e.g.osteoporosis)and malignant (e.g.metastasis)vertebral body com pressive fracture.

Objective To investigate the incidence and the factors related to male senile osteoporosiswith dual energy X - ray ahsorptiometry (DEXA). Methods 139 cases of healthy elderly men were examined by WHO T - Score with DEXA to estimate the incidence of male senile osteoporosis. The relationshipbetween osteoporosis and various parameters such as age, body weight, smoking etc. was assessed. The resultsof DEXA examination were compared with those of plain X - ray film of lateral view of lumbar spine, hip Singhindex etc. Bone turnover markers were examined to study their relationship with osteoporosis by DEXA. Results The incidence of male senile osteoporosis was 26. 6%. Body weight and smoking were closely relatedto osteoporosis. No signifieant relationship was found between bone turnover markers and osteoporosis. PlainX - ray film of lumbar spine and hip Singh index bore a relationship with osteoporosis by DEXA. ConclusionIncidence of male senile osteoporosis is rather high, and it is imper'tant to pay more attention to the preventionand treatment of male senile osteoporosis. DEXA equipment is not popular in general hospital, therefore theplain X - ray film of lumbar spine and hip Singh index were found to have some value for the diagnosis of senileosteoporosis.

Neurosyphilis is a serious clinical stage of syphilis caused by Treponema pallidum invading the nervous system, and risk and predictive factors of neurosyphilis are different between syphilis patients with and without HIV infection. The risk factors for neurosyphilis in HIV-negative patients with syphilis mainly include gender, age, clinical stage of syphilis, treatment, etc.; the predictive factors include serological titers, changes in some indicators of cerebrospinal fluid, neurological or ophthalmic symptoms. HIV viral load, CD4 + T cell counts and antiretroviral treatment are the main predictors and risk factors for neurosyphilis in HIV-positive patients with syphilis.

Radiologic examination was carried out on 114 subjects with chondromalacia ofpatella with follow up study for 1～17 years.All patients had a history of injury and/or overstrainedknee. The main early X-ray findings were :subchondral bone absorption and cystic degeneration ofpatella,sclerosis and haziness of the articular surface of patella, formation of small spur,subchon-dral bone absorption of articular surface of the femur,synovial thickening,patellar ligament widenedwith indistinct margin, hazy reticular appearance of subpatella fat, and thickened quadriceps femoraltendon etc. The X-ray manifestations of patella and adjacent tissue of patella became progressivelymore obvious but sparing the soft tissue with elapse of time.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical and pathological features of solitary pterygoid benign lesions, as well as the treatment and outcome of endoscopic surgery. METHOD: We retrospectively analyzed clinical data of 4 patients with pterygoid benign lesions in our department. High resolution CT and enhanced MRI were performed before the operations, then endoscopic surgeries were carried out under the circumstance of general anesthesia. After a follow-up in 12 months to 48 months, nasal endoscopy and MRI examination were performed. Therefore we are able to understand the situation of operations and postoperative recurrences, and to inquire about the changes of symptoms and the relief of symptoms before and after surgery. RESULT: From the Pathological diagnosis, it showed 2 cases of cystic lesions, 1 case of spindle cell lipoma, 1 case of inflammatory lesion. Postoperative follow up showed scar formation, smooth surface, no recurrence, and no new symptom. Nasal obstruction is relieved after the surgery, and no changes in the sympotoms of headache were observed. CONCLUSION The combination of high resolution CT with enhanced MRI isimportant for ascertaining the location, extent and nature of the pterygoid lesions. Endoscopic surgery is a minimally invasive, safe, and effective method for the treatment of solitary pterygoid benign lesions.
Cysts ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Endoscopy ; Headache ; Humans ; Lipoma ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Nasal Obstruction ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Nasal Surgical Procedures ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Nose ; Postoperative Period ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Objective To analyse the clinical effects on colon cancer with acute intestinal obstruction.Methods 56 patients with acute intestinal obstruction caused by colon cancer were studied retrospectively.The experience of diagnosis was summarized.Results 47 patients with acute intestinal obstruction caused by colon cancer received Stage Ⅰ tumor resection and the other 9 patients received different stages.54 patients healed (96.4％) and 1perioperative deaths (1.8 ％).Postoperative complications occurred in 18 cases (32.1％) including incision infection,intraperitoneal infection and intestinal fistula.Conclusion Stage Ⅰ tumor resection is feasible and safe surgical procedures for acute intestinal obstruction caused by colon cancer.

Objective To observe the efficacy of transjugular interventional therapy for patients with hepatic myelopathy after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS).Methods Sixteen patients with hepatic myelopathy afte TIPS were treated with interventional therapy again.Four patients who were treated with drugs through shunt previously had poor prognosis,then the remaining 12 patients treated with current limited shunt had better prognosis,which were analyzed in this study.Activities of daily living were assessed by Barthel index,limb muscle strength scores were assessed by Lovette scoring system.The changes of liver function and portal vein pressure were analyzed by paired t-test,while other data such as serum ammonia level,Barthel index,Lovette scores before and after transjugular interventional therapy were compared by analysis of variance with repeated measurements.Results All the patients had no complication after operations.The liver function and portal vein pressure of 12 patients had no significan change before and after operation.Blood ammonia value were (77.9 ± 17.9) mmol/L after TIPS,(77.9 ± 14.8),(73.4 ± 21.5),(59.5 ± 14.5),(52.0 ± 16.5) mmol/L 1,3,6,12 months after current limited shunt.Compared with that of preoperation(F =6.45,P ＜0.05),it decreased significantly at the 6th and 12th month.Limb muscle strength scores were 2.1 ± 0.7 before current limited shunt,2.3 ± 0.8,3.1 ± 1.0,3.2 ± 1.1,2.8 ± 0.9 1,3,6,12 months after the operation.Compared with preoperation (F =4.97,P ＜ 0.05),muscle strength grading improved significantly at the 3rd,6th and 12th month.Activities of daily living Barthel index were 42.1 ± 10.5 before current limited shunt,47.1 ± 11.0,45.0 ± 8.8 3,6 months after the operation.Compared with preoperation (F =5.05,P ＜ 0.05),activities of daily living had improvement.There were 3,6,2,1 cases of hepatic encephalopathy of Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ stage after TIPS.Three months after current limited shunt there were 7,3,1,0 cases,while there were 8,1,1,0 cases 6 months after the operation.In other 4 patients treated with drugs,2 patients died of liver failure,one was lost to follow.Conclusions Interventional therapy can relieve symptoms of hepatic myelopathy.The operation is safe,effective,and helpful after TIPS treatment.

ObjectiveTo clone and express the Tp0136 gene of Treponema pallidum,to purify the recombinant protein and to evaluate its immunocompetence.MethodsThe full-length Tp0136 gene was synthesized,then subcloned into the expression vector pET28a to construct a recombinant plasmid,pET28a-Tp0136,which was subsequently transfected into E.coli Rosetta for protein expression.The recombinant protein was purified with nickel-nitrilotriacetic acid(Ni-NTA) affinity chromatography,and identified by using sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electropheresis (SDS-PAGE) and Western blot.New Zealand rabbits were immunized with the recombinant Tp0136 (rTp0136)protein,and anti-Tp0136 polyclonal antibodies in sera of the rabbits were examined by indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) with rTp0136 protein as the coating antigen.Also,positive sera were obtained from patients with syphilis and examined by Western blot to identify the immunoreactivity of the rTp0136 protein.ResultsThe E.coli expression vector pET28a-Tp0136 was constructed successfully,and rTp0136 protein was also successfully expressed with a molecular weight of about 50 kD and a purity above 95％.High titres of anti-rTp0136 antibodies were detected in sera of rabbits immunized with the rTp0136 protein,and Western blot showed that the rTp0136 could specifically react with the sera from syphilitic patients,which proved the high immunogenicity and immunoreactivity of the recombinant protein.ConclusionsThe full-length Tp0136 membrane protein is successfully expressed with a high immunocompetence,and Tp0136 membrane protein may play an important role in the pathogenic mechanisms of Treponema pallidum.

Objective:To study the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2) in hilar cholangiocarcinoma.To discuss the relationship of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 expression with the metastasis and prognosis of hilar cholangiocarcinoma.Methods:Immunohistochemical S-P method was used in the examination of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 expression in 78 hilar cholangiocarcinoma.The relationships of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 expression with the pathological differentiation,metastasis and prognosis were analyzed.Results:The positive rate of MMP-2 expression was 72% ,and that of TIMP-2 was 76%.According to Ridit analysis,the degree of MMP-2 expression were correlated with the pathologic differentiation and lymph-node metastasis of hilar cholangiocarcinoma.The high expression of MMP-2 existed in the low pathologic differentiation and the high rate of lymph-node metastasis of hilar cholangiocarcinoma.The high expression of TIMP-2 existed in the high pathologic differentiation and the low rate of lymph node metastasis of hilar cholangiocarcinoma. MMP-2 and TIMP-2 expression had a significance correlation(r=0.708,P