Objective To investigate the epidemiological features of fractures caused by earthquake to elevate the quality of prevention and treatment and reduce the mortality and disability rate.Methods A retrospectire study was performed on the data of 1 262 patients with fractures caused by earthquake from May 12,2008 to Aug 31,2008.The following data was statistically analyzed:cause of injury,injured part,associated injuries and treatment.Resultsof the 1 262 cases,11 resulted in deaths;bruise and crush trauma was the major cause (93.98%)of casualties;fractures oflimbs were the main types(55.7%)of fracture;operation was the major treatment.Concluslon Correct treatment is important for fractures caused by earthquake to reduce mortality and disability rate.

Objective To analyze the constituent ratio and clinical characteristics of spine trauma and spinal cord injury of the survivors in the Sichuan earthquake.Methods198 cases wounded in the Sichuan earthquake were divided into four groups according to age for collecting the type of fracture, nerve damage, spinal fractures combined injuries of data from multiple sites, analyzing their clinical characteristics.ResultsFracture types are most common compression fractures (49.3%), followed by the burst fractures (45.9%). 105 of them had spinal cord injury, ASIA grade: A grade: 20 cases, B Grade: 18 cases, C grade: 25 cases, D Grade: 42 cases. 41 cases had combined injury. T12, L1, and L2 vertebral fractures were common types.ConclusionCompression fractures and burst fractures as spinal injuries occurred commonly in Sichuan earthquake mainly in the 18～65 years old, and spinal cord injury accounted for 53.03% spinal injury.

Objective To explore the influence of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) on the learning and memory ability using a rat model of vascular dementia (VD).Methods Sixty Sprague-Dawley rats were selected and divided into a normal group,a sham operation group,a VD group and an HBOT group,each of 15 rats using a random number table.The improved four-vessel method was used to establish a VD model in all except the rats in the normal group,but for the sham operation group,the vertebral artery was not subjected to firing and the arteria carotis communis was not clipped.The HBOT group was then given HBOT for 7 days.The Morris water maze test was used to evaluate their learning and memory ability of all 4 groups.Results Compared to the normal group,the mean escape latency of the sham operation group,the VD group and the HBOT group was significantly longer in each case (P＜0.05).Their platform quadrant crossing times were also significantly less,and their quadrant swimming distance as a proportion of their total swimming distance was significantly smaller (P＜0.05).Compared with the sham operation group,the mean escape latency of the VD and HBOT groups was significantly longer (P＜0.05),the times of crossing platform quadrant were less and their quadrant swimming distance was a smaller proportion of their total swimming distance.As compared with the VD group,the mean escape latency of the HBOT group was significantly shorter [(25.73±6.20) s],the average platform quadrant crossing times were significantly more [(9.51±2.25) times] and the platform quadrant swimming distance of the HBOT group was significantly longer [(494.72±208.26)],representing a significantly larger proportion of the total swimming distance [(28.71 ± 5.32) ％] (P＜0.05).Conclusion HBOT can effectively improve learning and memory in vascular dementia,at least in rats.

Objective To study the effects of exercises training on the recovery of neurological function and the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in perihematomal brain tissue after intra cerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in rats. Methods Sixty-four male adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into exercises group and control group. ICH model was induced by autobiood injection. The rats in exercises group were given balance, grasping and walking exercises every day. The rats in control group exercised freely in standard cages. Neurological function in both groups was measured at the 3rd, 7th, 14th and 21st d. All the rats were sacrificed and the concentration of MMP-9 was measured with immunohistochemical method and in situhybridization. Results In both groups neurological function scores was lowest at the 3rd d, were highest at the 21st d. There was no significant difference between two groups at the 3rd d, but at the 7th, 14th and 21st d the differences between two groups were significant ( P < 0.05 ). In exercises group, MMP-9 expressed weakly at the 3rd d, and peaked at the 7th d, then declined gradually. In control group, MMP-9 expression peaked at the 3rd d, then decreased slowly. MMP-9 protein expression was in accord with mRNA. MMP-9 expression in exer-cises group was significantly different from control group on the 3rd and 7th d (P < 0.05 ) , but not at the 14th and 21st d ( P > 0.05 ). Conclusions Early exercises can inhibit the expression of MMP-9 that could play a role in protecting neurons. Daily exercises can stimulates the expression of MMP-9 so as to have a positive role in midstage of disease. MMP-9 may be involved in tissue remodelling and vascular repairing, which prompt neu-rofunction recovery.

Objective To establish a rabbit model of facial skin lifting and to evaluate the skin lifting effects of absorbable soft tissue plastic belt, and to provide experimental basis for clinical application of this plastic belt.Methods 36 Japanese white rabbits were randomly divided into model control group (n=6) and plastic belt lifting group (n=30). The model control group received only facial skin resection surgery, while the plastic belt lifting group had facial skin resection and plastic belt implantation.The changes of rabbit general status, skin lifting effects, performance of plastic belt and pathological changes of subcutaneous tissue after implantation were determined during the 4 weeks after surgery. Results The rabbit skin wound was healed within 3-7 days after surgery without infection.Meanwhile, the plastic belts did not show shifting or rupture, and only whitening around the perforations was observed in the two groups.Compared with the model control group, the MA and MB distances in the plastic belt lifting group were significantly lower ( P<0.01 ) , while the biological tension of plastic belts in the facial skin lifting rabbit models was significantly increased with the extension of time after implantation (P<0.01), and the biological tension was 18.62 N at 4 weeks after transplantation. In addition, the tensile intensities of perforations and plate in the two groups were significantly reduced at 4 weeks postoperatively (P<0.01), the tensile intensity of perforations and plate in the two groups were maintained at 35.07 N and 53.31 N, respectively, and the perforations/plate tensile intensity ratio of the two groups remained unchanged during 4 weeks after transplantation ( P >0.05 ) .Moreover, the molecular weight ( Mw ) , peak molecular weight ( Mp ) , Z molecular weight (Mz) and viscosity were gradually decreased along with the time passing after implantation (P<0.01), and its dispersion Mz/Mw ratio was also gradually decreased from 2 weeks after implantation (P<0.01), and no obvious pathological changes were found after subcutaneous implantation of the plastic belts.Conclusions We have successfully established a facial skin lifting rabbit model, and the plastic belt can obviously lift the facial skin fascia system and keep intact more than 4 weeks in the body.Therefore, this plastic belt can be applied for anti-wrinkle facial soft tissue lifting against the skin damage caused by aging.

Objective To explore the affect of acupuncture cooperating with Bobath approach on the spasticity after stroke.Methods 83 patient were divided into treatment group (42 cases) and control group (41 cases). On basis of conventional treatment, the treatment group accepted acupuncture and Bobath approach while the control group accepted a Bobath approach only. They were assessed with Modified Ashworth Scale before and 8 weeks after treatment. Results 8 weeks after treatment, the spasticity reduced in both groups, but more in the treatment group (P<0.05).Conclusion Acupuncture can facilitate the efficacy of Bobath approach on spasticity after stroke.

Objective To observe the effect of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy on neurological functioning in rats modelling cerebral hemorrhage (ICH).Methods Sixty Sprague-Dawley rats had intracerebral hemorrhage induced by injecting autologous blood.They were then randomly divided into an HBO-free group and an HBO group,each of 30 according to a random number table.The HBO group was further divided into HBO 3 h,HBO 6 h,HBO 1 d,HBO 2 d and HBO 7 d groups which received HBO therapy for 3 hours,6 hours,1 day,2 days and 7 days respectively.Each had 6 members.The HBO-free rats were also divided into analogous HBO-free 3 h,HBO-free 6 h,HBO-free 1 d,HBO-free 2 d and HBO-free 7 d groups,and give no HBO intervention.All of the rats were evaluated for neurological impairment using the Longa scoring method before the treatment and 10 days,20 days and 30 days afterward.Results After 10,20 and 30 days of HBO treatment,there were significant differences in neurological functioning between each pair of HBO-free and HBO-treated groups.After 10 and 20 days of HBO treatment the average neurological function score of the HBO 3 h group was significantly different from that of the HBO 2 d group.The average score in the HBO 7 d group was also significantly different from that of the HBO 3 h,HBO 6 h,HBO 1 d and HBO 2 d groups after 10,20 and 30 days of HBO treatment.The average scores of the HBO 3 h,HBO 6 h,HBO 1 d and HBO 2 d groups improved significantly between 10 and 20 days after the treatment.The average score of the rats which received 30 days of treatment was also significantly different from those after 10 and 20 days.Conclusion HBO treatment can improve neurological function after cerebral hemorrhage,at least in rats.The best time to start HBO treatment is no later than 24 hours after the hemorrhage.The curative effect increases with extension of the treatment's duration.

Objective:To explore the effect of combining hyperbaric oxygen inhalation with wet healing in the treatment of chronic refractory ulcers of the skin.Methods:Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly formed into a general treatment group (group A), a wet healing group (group B), and a hyperbaric oxygen + wet healing group (group C), each of 20. Chronic and refractory skin ulcers were induced on all of the rats after one week of routine feeding and 6 hours of fasting. Six courses (once daily for 10 days/course)of the three treatments were then administered. After 2, 4 and 6 courses of treatment the wound healing rate and recovery were analyzed using histopathological methods.Results:After 2, 4 and 6 courses of treatment, the average wound healing rates of groups B and C were significantly higher than group A′s average, and that of group C was significantly better than that of group B. After 6 courses of treatment, group C′s average histopathology score was significantly higher than that of group B, and those of groups B and C were both significantly higher than group A′s average.Conclusion:Single wet healing is better than common treatment for chronic skin ulcers, but hyperbaric oxygen inhalation can further improve its effectiveness.

Objective: To systematically evaluate the effects of hyperbaric oxygen on the hemodynamics and intracranial pressure of patients with severe craniocerebral injury (STBI). Methods: Reports of randomized and controlled trials applying hyperbaric oxygen in the treatment of STBI were retrieved from the Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Embase, CBM, CNKI, VIP and Wan Fang databases. Each report found was evaluated by two researchers independently applying pre-defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data were extracted and combined and a meta-analysis was performed. Results: Eight trials involving 725 patients were included in the meta-analysis. They combined to demonstrate that intracranial pressure, oxygen uptake and scores on the Glasgow coma scale improved significantly more in the hyperbaric oxygen group than in the control group after between 3 and 10 days of treatment. Conclusion Hyperbaric oxygen therapy is effective in treating severe craniocerebral injury and it is worthy of clinical application.