Objective: To investigate the changes of urinary S100B protein concentrations and their relationship with brain damage in preterm infants there of . Methods: The urinary S100B protein of 84 preterm infants and 26 full term infants, which were used as control, were measured at 24 h and 120 h after birth. At the same time, routine clinical observations, neurologic patterns and ultrasound screens were recorded. The value of urinary S100B protein and brain damage were evaluated in preterm infants with different gestational age. Results: The differences of urinary S100B protein were statistical significance between the different gestations. The levels of urinary S100B protein were higher in preterm infants, whose gestations were lower than 32 W, than those of other groups. The levels of S100B protein were significantly higher in samples of 27 peri-intraventricular hemorrhage (PIVH) and 3 peri-ventricular leukomalacia(PVL) than those in samples without brain damage( P ＜ 0.05). The S100B levels were significantly higher in urine of 10 preterm infants with polycethemia than those in infants without brain damages. In addition, the S100B levels were different in urine of preterm infants with different prognosis. The S100B levels were significantly higher in urine of infants who died or deteriorated than those of others(P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion: There is an evident trend of decrease in urinary S100B protein concentration with increasing gestational age. It will be helpful to identify preterm infants with PIVH,PVL and high risk of brain damages by measurement of S100B protein in urine early after birth, which indicates further inspection, provides protective treatment and enhances follow up.

BACKGROUND:Chitosan hydrogel has good biocompatibility, biodegradability and antibacterial property, which can promote tissue healing and induce bone formation. As a scaffold carrying growth factors, it can ensure the efficient and slow release of exogenous growth factors.
OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of injectable nano/chitosan/bone morphogenetic protein-2 composite to promote periodontal tissue regeneration in rats.
METHODS:Fifty-four Wistar rats were randomized into three groups, and then chronic periodontitis model of the second molar was established. After modeling, injectable nano/chitosan/bone morphogenetic protein-2 composite was implanted into the periodontal tissue of the second molar in the experimental group; injectable nano/chitosan hydrogel was implanted in the control grouop; and nothing was implanted in the blank group. At 3, 6, 9 weeks after surgery, gingival bleeding index, probing depth, and tooth mobility were detected. X-ray and histopathological observations were carried out.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:At 9 weeks after surgery, the probing depth and tooth mobility were both lower in the experimental group than the other two groups (P < 0.05). In the experimental group, the alveolar bone height was restored at the root bifurcations, bone trabeculae were arranged densely and evenly, the newly formed periodontal ligament and alveolar bone tissues were dense and equaly distributed in the bone defect area at 9 weeks after surgery, indicating a better restoration effect than the control and blank groups. These findings suggest that the injectable nano/chitosan/bone morphogenetic protein-2 composite has an anti-inflammatory role and can guide periodontal tissue regeneration.

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinical efficacy of acupoint catgut embedding therapy on chronic pelvic cavity pain syndrome differentiated as kidney deficiency and stagnation of damp heat, and explore the impacts on plasma P substance (SP), plasma beta-endorphin (β-EP).

METHODSOne hundred and eighty cases were randomly divided into a catgut embedding group (90 cases) and a western medication group (90 cases). In the western medication group, tamsulosin capsules 0. 2 mg were prescribed for oral administration, once a day; indometacin sustained release tablets, 25 mg, three times a day. Totally, the oral administration for 8 weeks was required. In the catgut embedding group, the acupoint catgut embedding therapy was applied to Qugu (CV 2), Shenshu (BL 23), Zhibian (BL 54), Huiyin (CV 1) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6), once every two weeks; the treatment of 4 weeks made one session, and two sessions were required. Before and after treatment, TCM symptom score, NIH-CPSI (the National Institute of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index) score, lecithin body numbers in prostatic fluid, score in SAS (self-rating anxiety scale), score in SDS (self-rating depression scale), the levels of SP and β-EP, etc. were observed in the two groups, and the clinical efficacy was assessed in the two groups.

RESULTS(1) Ten cases were dropped in either group. The total effective rate was 91. 25% (73/80) in the catgut embedding group, higher than 78. 75% (63/80) in the western medication group (P<0. 05). (2) After treatment, TCM symptom score, total score in NIH-CPSI, pain score and the scores in SAS and SDS were all reduced as compared with those before treatment in the two groups (all P<0. 05). After treatment, TCM symptom score, total score and pain score in NIH-CPSI, and the scores in SAS and SDS in the catgut embedding group were both lower than those in the western medication group (all P<0. 05). (3) After treatment, the lecithin body numbers were both increased as compared with those before treatment in the two groups (both P<0. 05), and the result in the catgut embedding group was higher than that in the western medication group (P<0. 05). (4)After treatment, the SP level was lower than that before treatment in the two groups (both P<0. 05); the level of p-EP was increased as compared with that before treatment (both P<0. 05). The SP level in the catgut embedding group was lower than that in the western medication group (P<0. 05); the level of β-EP was higher than that in the western medication group (P<0. 05).

CONCLUSIONThe acupoint catgut embedding therapy apparently relieves the clinical symptoms of chronic pelvic cavity pain syndrome differentiated as kidney deficiency and stagnation of damp heat as well as the condition of anxiety and depression, increases lecithin body numbers in prostatic fluid and β-EP level and reduces SP level.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Catgut ; utilization ; Chronic Disease ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Pelvic Pain ; etiology ; metabolism ; therapy ; Prostatic Diseases ; complications ; metabolism ; Young Adult ; beta-Endorphin ; metabolism

Glutathione S-transferase (GST) gene, PcgstA was cloned from the penicillin producing strain Penicillium chrysogenum,which is important for understanding the industrial fermentation process. PcgstA gene has an open-reading-frame of 840 bp in length,which is interrupted by two introns. The deduced amino acid sequence shows about 50% identity to several characterized filamentous fungi GSTs. The recombinant PcGSTA in Escherichia coli were overexpressed and purified. Enzymatic assays showed that the recombinant PcGSTA had a specific activity with 1-chloro-2, 4-dinitrobenzene of (0.159±0.031) μmol/(min· mg). It was found that the expression level of PcgstA in the penicillin producing medium supplemented with phenylacetic acid, the side chain precursor of penicillin G, was significant down regulated than that in medium without phenylacetic acid. This result suggested that PcGST may be related to phenylacetic acid metabolism in the penicillin producing strain.

Objective To explore the significance of peritubular capillary C4d deposition in histopathological changes, renal function and prognosis of the patients with antibody-mediated chronic rejection (AMCR). Methods Deposition of C4d in the kidney was examined by irnmunohistochemistry on routine paraffin-embedded sections using anti-C4d polyclonal antibody. Seventy-seven patients were divided into C4d+ group (n = 35) and C4d- group (n = 42). The relationship of C4d and renal function,histopathological changes and prognoses of allografts were analyzed. Results The number of patients with tubular atrophy and glomerular basement membrane proliferation in C4d+ group was significantly more than that in C4d group (P＜0.05). Mean serum creatinine level was significantly higher in C4d+ group than in C4d- group 12 months after renal transplantation [(379.1 + 260.2)μmol/L vs (260.5 + 175.3) μmol/L, P＜0.05]. According to Kaplan-Meier analysis, the one-year graft survival rate was lower in the C4d+ group (62.9% ) than in the C4d- group (83.3% ) (logrank P＜0.05). Conclusion Patients with C4d deposition are associated with tubular atrophy and glomerular basement membrane proliferation. The serum creatinine level in C4d+ patients was significantly higher than in C4d- group at the 12th month after transplantation. More patients with C4d deposition lost their grafts during the study period.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of retrievable esophageal covered metal internal stent in treating patients with achalasia.Methods Under DSA guidance,peroral"Z-type"double horn covered metal internal stent implantation was performed in 16 patients with achalasia.Esophagography was carried out about 28 days after the procedure and the stent was retrieved.Results Of 16 cases,the stent fell off into the stomach two weeks after the operation in one.And the stent was successfully replaced after it was taken out.The placed stent was successfully retrieved in all cases 28 days after the treatment.No serious complications occurred.All the patients were followed up for 3 months to 3 years.During the follow-up period restenosis of the esophagus developed in two cases(at one and 1.5 years respectively),and the restenosis degree was relived after balloon dilation.Clinically,no esophageal symptoms,such as dysphagia,occurred in all patients.Conclusion As a simple and safe technique,the retrievable esophageal covered metal internal stent implantation is very effective with fewer complications for the treatment of achalasia.Moreover,the technique carries lower restenosis occurrence.

Objective:To explore the influence of childhood abuse experience on relapse tendency of compulsory drug abusers, and the intermediary role of resilience and depression between them.Methods:A total of 261 drug abusers were investigated with childhood trauma questionnaire(CTQ), the Connor-Davidson resilience scale (CD-RISC), self-rating depression scale (SDS) and relapse tendency psychological questionnaire.All data processing and analysis were carried out by SPSS 25.0 software.Correlation analysis, Bootstrap analysis and other methods were used to test the mediating effect.Results:The scores of childhood abuse treatment, resilience, depression and relapse tendency were 44.690±18.550, 60.210±22.790, 48.370±12.450, and 15.300±9.833 respectively.Childhood abuse was negatively correlated with resilience( r=-0.396, P<0.01), and positively correlated with depression and relapse tendency( r=0.584, 0.298, P<0.01).Resilience was negatively correlated with depression and relapse tendency( r=-0.558, -0.147, P<0.05).Depression had a significant positive correlation with relapse tendency( r=0.286, P<0.01).Childhood abuse could directly predict the tendency of relapse( β=0.202, P<0.01), and it could also affect the tendency of relapse through the mediation of depression( β=0.082, 95% CI=0.007-0.165) and the chain mediation of resilience and depression( β=0.029, 95% CI=0.002-0.064). Conclusion:The experience of childhood abuse leads to the decrease of resilience of strong abstinence personnel and increases the level of depression, which finally increases the tendency of relapse.

Objective To verify the feasibility of discriminating tissue types in the anterior approach of the cervical spine by the Electrical impedance (EI) and decrease the rate of severe complications.Methods Six New Zealand white rabbits and 6 mini-pigs were performed standard anterior cervical surgery.The esophagus,carotid artery,tracheal cartilage,annular ligaments of trachea,longus colli muscle and anterior longitudinal ligament are classified as the prevertebral group;The cortical bone,cancellous bone,anulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus are classified as the vertebral group.Once all the tissues were exposed completely,over the frequency range of 200-3 000 kHz (the frequency points were 200 kHz,400 kHz,600 kHz,800 kHz,1 000 kHz,2 000 kHz,3 000 kHz),the in vivo EI of prevertebral group and vertebral group were measured by a probe and a precision inductance-capacitance-resistance (LCR) meter;then the data were analyzed with IBM SPSS Statistics 22 software.At every frequency,Kruskal-Wallis test followed by all pairwise multiple comparisons was applied for all the four groups (the prevertebral group of rabbits,the vertebral group of rabbits,the prevertebral group of mini-pigs,and the vertebral group of mini-pigs),respectively.P values ＜ 0.05 were considered statistically significant.Results At every frequency,the results of Kruskal-Wallis test for all the four groups were significant,and the results of multiple comparisons were as follows.(1) In both miniature experimental animals and large experimental animals,the EI of the vertebral group tissues was significantly different at every investigated frequency (multiple comparisons).(2) In the miniature experimental animals,the EI between longus colli muscle and esophagus,carotid artery and annular ligaments of trachea,and tracheal cartilage and anterior longitudinal ligament had no significant difference at any frequency (multiple comparisons);significant difference could not be detected in the EI between anterior longitudinal ligament and annular ligaments of trachea at the frequencies of 2000-3 000 kHz (multiple comparisonsk) and could be detected at the frequencies of 200-1 000 kHz (multiple comparisons);for comparison of all other paired tissues of prevertebral group there were significant differences at all frequencies (multiple comparisonsk).(3) In the large experimental animals,the EI between longus colli muscle and esophagus,carotid artery and annular ligaments of trachea,and tracheal cartilage and anterior longitudinal ligament had no significant difference at any frequency (multiple comparisons),the same was true for the EI between annular ligaments of trachea and esophagus,carotid artery and anterior longitudinal ligament,and longus colli muscle and annular ligaments of trachea at the frequencies of 800-3 000 kHz,3 000 kHz and 3 000 kHz (multiple comparisons),respectively;for comparison of all other paired tissues of prevertebral group there were significant differences at all frequencies (multiple comparisons).Conclusion At certain frequencies,the EI among tissues was significantly different and could discriminate tissues in the anterior approach of the cervical spine.

Objective To discover more novel bat viruses and molecularly characterize bat-borne bocavirus diversity in Yunnan.Methods Twenty-six Aselliscus stoliczkanus were sampled in Jinghong , Yunnan, and subjected to viral metagenomic analysis.Specific PCR was used to detect any bocavirus in these samples based on the metagenomic result , while full genome was amplified and compared with other bocaviruses .Results and Conclusion Totally, 3 of the 26 (11.5%) bats were positive for bocavirus, the full genome of which contained 5203 nucleotides and could encode NS1, NP and VP1/VP2 proteins.Phylogenetic analysis showed that this virus shared up to 58.7% and 53.3% amino acid identities with canine bocavirus 1 and canine minute virus .According to ICTV criteria (85%amino acid sequence identity ) on a new species of bocavirus , this virus could be a novel species within genus Bocaparvovirus .This study provides important data to better understand viral diversity in bats and to uncover the relationship between bocavirus and its hosts .