Schizopora paradoxa is a white rot fungus showing great variation in hymenophoral configuration. It has been often treated as close to Irpex or Hyphodontia and frequently confused with S. flavipora which was identified as an unrecorded species in Korea. Distinct features including sizes of basidia and basidiospores as well as hymenophoral shape make S. paradoxa differ from S. flavipora. Remarkable characters of hymenophores and microscopic structures are described and their significance is discussed for the taxonomy of Korean Schizopora.
Classification ; Fungi ; Korea

We isolated and examined a new Alternaria sp., which causes leaf spots on Peucedanum japonicum in Korea, by using molecular and morphological methods. Phylogenetic analysis based on a combined internal transcribed spacer region analysis and two protein-coding genes (gpd and Alt a1) demonstrated that the causal fungus was most closely related to A. cinerariae and A. sonchi, and relevant to A. brassicae. However, conidial morphology indicated that it is a novel species within the genus Alternaria, and therefore we have assigned the fungus a new name in this study.
Alternaria* ; Brassica ; Classification ; Fungi ; Korea

This paper describes and illustrates two new species, Trichoderma pleurotum and T. pleuroticola, associated with green mold disease of oyster mushroom in Korea.
Classification ; Fungi* ; Korea* ; Ostreidae* ; Pleurotus* ; Trichoderma*

The mycoflora of Korea was rather poorly studied in the past and the fungi belonging to the genus Septoria are no exception. For this reason, taxonomic studies on Septoria have been initiated, with the eventual aim of producing a monograph of the Septoria species present in Korea. The present study circumscribes 10 species; viz., Septoria artemisiae, S. callistephi, S. chrysanthemella, S. erigerontis, S. lycopersici, S. lysimachiae, S. oenotherae, S. phlogis, S. rohlenae, and S. sonchi. Distinguishing morphological characters are described and illustrated for each species.
Artemisia ; Classification ; Fungi ; Korea* ; Oenothera ; Primulaceae

In this paper, we describe Endocarpon subramulosum as a new species from temperate regions of South Korea, which grows over soil on rocks. The proposed new species is morphologically similar to E. ramulosum Harada, which has so far been reported from Japan.
Classification ; Fungi* ; Japan ; Lichens* ; Republic of Korea* ; Soil

We encountered an unfamiliar ascomycete fruiting body, fitting characteristics of the genus Kretzschmaria, which features in a stipitate ascigerous stroma with carbonaceous interior and disintegrating perithecia. In this study, we report and characterize a new species of the decaying fungus. Compared to other species, one of the notable features of this specimen (TPML150908-046) is its stromatal size (up to 15 cm). Although TPML150908-046 is morphologically similar to K. milleri and K. sandvicensis, it differs sharply from both species in apical ring size (TPML150908-046, 6.5~10.5 µm; K. milleri, 11~16 µm) and ascospore width (TPML150908-046, 10.5~17 µm; K. sandvicensis, 8.5~11.5 µm). Phylogenetic trees based on β-tubulin, ITS, and RPB2 sequences showed that our collection clustered with K. sandvicensis, with the respective similarities for these sequences being 95.6%, 91.3%, and 97.7%, signifying it as another species. With these results, we report it as a new species, which we call Kretzschmaria quercicola sp. nov.
Ascomycota ; Classification ; Fruit ; Fungi* ; Korea* ; Phylogeny ; Trees

The wood decay fungi are a diverse taxonomic group that plays a pivotal role in forest carbon cycling. Wood decay fungi use various enzymatic pathways to digest dead or living wood in order to obtain carbon and other nutrients and these enzymatic systems have been exploited for both industrial and medical applications. Over 600 wood decay fungi species have been described in Korea; however, the recent application of molecular markers has dramatically altered the taxonomy of many of these wood decay fungi at both the genus and species levels. By combining molecular methods, specifically sequences of the internal transcribed spacer region, with traditional morphological characters, this study identified five new species records for Korea in five genera: Aurantiporus, Favolus, Neofavolus, Loweomyces, and Hymenochaetopsis. Three of these genera (Aurantiporus, Favolus, and Loweomyces) were previously unknown in Korea. The relatively simple morphology of the wood decay fungi often leads to ambiguous taxonomic assignment. Therefore, molecular markers are a necessary component of any taxonomic or evolutionary study of wood decay fungi. Our study highlights the need for a more robust and multifaceted approach in investigating new wood decay fungi in Korea.
Carbon ; Classification ; Forests ; Fungi* ; Korea* ; Polyporales ; Wood*

Gymnopus is a cosmopolitan genus of agaric fungi and consists of ~300 species. In Korea, Gymnopus represents common saprobic mushrooms, and 12 species have been reported in Korea. Several Gymnopus specimens were collected in Korea between 2008 and 2015. To identify them exactly, phylogenetic analysis was performed by means of the internal transcribed spacer region of ribosomal-DNA sequences from the collected Gymnopus specimens. Among them, G. iocephalus, G. polygrammus, and G. subnudus have not been reported in Korea. A phylogenetic tree and images are provided.
Agar ; Agaricales ; Classification ; Fungi ; Korea ; Phylogeny ; Trees

The taxonomy of the Alternaria spp. has been a subject, of controversy because of their high variability in conidial morphology and polymorphism displayed even in pure cultures. The published Korean literature on the genus Alternaria is scattered and fragmentary, and pertains to about 25 species with special emphasis on occurrence and pathogenicity, but mycological studies on this group of fungi are insufficient. This is the first series of detailed and consolidated account of Korean species of Alternaria, which includes 11 species; viz., Alternaria brassicae, A. brassicicola, A. cinerariae, A. dauci, A. dianthi, A. dianthicola, A. helianthi, A. helianthinffciens, A. iridicola, A. japonica and A. protenta. Detailed diagnostic descriptions, specific characterizations, taxonomic discussions and illustrations for each species are presented.
Alternaria* ; Brassica ; Classification ; Fungi ; Korea* ; Virulence

Lactarius and Lactifluus are milkcaps that are characterized by the secretion of latex. These two genera are part of a globally distributed cosmopolitan group of ectomycorrhizal fungi that is an important food resource in various ecosystems. Recently, the taxonomy of Lactarius and Lactifluus has been revised based on molecular phylogenetics. Despite the importance of these taxa, Korean species of both genera are poorly understood. In an effort to describe milkcap species that are indigenous to Korea, a long-term study has been initiated. During a recent survey, eight species of milkcaps that were previously unrecorded in Korea were detected based on morphological observation and sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer region: five Lactarius species (Lactarius atromarginatus, L. austrotorminosus, L. kesiyae, L. tabidus, and L. vietus) and three Lactifluus species (Lactifluus acicularis, Lf. pilosus, and Lf. pinguis). Detailed morphological descriptions and phylogenetic relationships of these species are provided in this article.
Classification ; Ecosystem ; Fungi ; Korea* ; Latex ; Sequence Analysis