Leiomyoma is a benign smooth muscle tumor that usually arise in the uterus, skin and gastrointestinal system. Only 2 percent are located in the head and neck. Leiomyomas of oral cavity are uncommon as only two cases have been reported in the Korean literature. The common location of oral cavity has been tongue, but other sites include buccal mucosa, lips, palate. mouth floor, and gingiva. Our patient was 30 years old female who complained of swelling and discomfort in the mouth floor. Microscopically this tumor showed bundles of intertwining spindle cells within fibrous connective tissue stroma. The nuclei were generally pale staining and blunt ended. Masson's trichrome stain was positive for muscle, and immunohistochemical study for alpha -smooth muscle actin revealed strong positivity. It was treated by surgical excision. We experienced a case of leiomyoma of oral cavity, so we report with literature reviews
Actins ; Adult ; Connective Tissue ; Female ; Gingiva ; Head ; Humans ; Leiomyoma* ; Lip ; Mouth ; Mouth Floor ; Mouth Mucosa ; Neck ; Palate ; Skin ; Smooth Muscle Tumor ; Tongue ; Uterus

INTRODUCTIONThe purpose of this study was to explore whether diabetes mellitus (DM) correlates with the risk of kidney cancer in Taiwan.

MATERIALS AND METHODSWe designed a population-based case-control study from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Database, which consisted of 116 patients with newly diagnosed kidney cancer as cases and 464 subjects without kidney cancer as controls in 2000 to 2009. Both cases and controls were aged ≥20 years. Baseline comorbidities were compared between kidney cancer cases and controls.

RESULTSMultivariable analysis showed no association was detected between DM and kidney cancer (OR 1.06, 95% CI, 0.58 to 1.94). Hypertension (OR 2.05, 95% CI, 1.23 to 3.42), chronic kidney diseases (OR 2.57, 95% CI, 1.23 to 5.37), cystic kidney diseases (OR 18.6, 95% CI, 1.84 to 187.6) and kidney stones (OR 4.02, 95% CI, 2.43 to 6.66) were significant comorbidities associated with increased risk of kidney cancer. Use of alpha-glucosidase inhibitor was associated with increased risk of kidney cancer (OR 4.31, 95% CI, 1.07 to 17.3).

CONCLUSIONDM does not correlate with the risk of kidney cancer. Hypertension, chronic kidney diseases, cystic kidney diseases, kidney stones and use of alpha-glucosidase inhibitors are associated with kidney cancer.

Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; etiology ; Case-Control Studies ; Diabetes Complications ; Female ; Humans ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Kidney Neoplasms ; etiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Risk Factors

Objectives: Concerns about erythropoietin (EPO) therapy for anemia in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) contributing to potential bone loss and increased fracture risks are growing. This study investigated the impact of EPO administration on the risk of common osteoporotic fractures in ESRD patients. Methods: This population-based retrospective cohort study compared EPO users and non-EPO users among ESRD patients undergoing hemodialysis, diagnosed with ESRD between 2000 and 2014 identified from the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan. The cohorts were matched at a propensity score ratio of 1:1, resulting in equal sample sizes of 2839. Variables related to comorbidities were considered. Results: EPO users exhibited higher cumulative incidences of major osteoporotic fractures, hip fractures, spine fractures, and wrist fractures compared with the non-EPO user (all P < 0.001). In adjusted Cox regression models, higher adjusted subdistribution hazard ratios (aSHRs) were observed for major osteoporotic fractures (2.41, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.01–2.89), osteoporotic hip fractures (2.19, 95% CI = 1.69–2.85), spine fractures (2.50, 95% CI = 1.87–3.34), and wrist fractures (2.34, 95% CI = 1.44–3.78) in EPO users than in nonEPO users. The risk of major osteoporotic fractures significantly increased with increasing EPO doses (P for trend < 0.0001), and a similar trend was observed for the risks of osteoporotic spine and wrist fractures. Conclusions Our findings suggest that EPO treatment in patients with ESRD undergoing hemodialysis is associated with an increased risk of osteoporotic fractures.

Objectives: Concerns about erythropoietin (EPO) therapy for anemia in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) contributing to potential bone loss and increased fracture risks are growing. This study investigated the impact of EPO administration on the risk of common osteoporotic fractures in ESRD patients. Methods: This population-based retrospective cohort study compared EPO users and non-EPO users among ESRD patients undergoing hemodialysis, diagnosed with ESRD between 2000 and 2014 identified from the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan. The cohorts were matched at a propensity score ratio of 1:1, resulting in equal sample sizes of 2839. Variables related to comorbidities were considered. Results: EPO users exhibited higher cumulative incidences of major osteoporotic fractures, hip fractures, spine fractures, and wrist fractures compared with the non-EPO user (all P < 0.001). In adjusted Cox regression models, higher adjusted subdistribution hazard ratios (aSHRs) were observed for major osteoporotic fractures (2.41, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.01–2.89), osteoporotic hip fractures (2.19, 95% CI = 1.69–2.85), spine fractures (2.50, 95% CI = 1.87–3.34), and wrist fractures (2.34, 95% CI = 1.44–3.78) in EPO users than in nonEPO users. The risk of major osteoporotic fractures significantly increased with increasing EPO doses (P for trend < 0.0001), and a similar trend was observed for the risks of osteoporotic spine and wrist fractures. Conclusions Our findings suggest that EPO treatment in patients with ESRD undergoing hemodialysis is associated with an increased risk of osteoporotic fractures.

Objectives: Concerns about erythropoietin (EPO) therapy for anemia in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) contributing to potential bone loss and increased fracture risks are growing. This study investigated the impact of EPO administration on the risk of common osteoporotic fractures in ESRD patients. Methods: This population-based retrospective cohort study compared EPO users and non-EPO users among ESRD patients undergoing hemodialysis, diagnosed with ESRD between 2000 and 2014 identified from the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan. The cohorts were matched at a propensity score ratio of 1:1, resulting in equal sample sizes of 2839. Variables related to comorbidities were considered. Results: EPO users exhibited higher cumulative incidences of major osteoporotic fractures, hip fractures, spine fractures, and wrist fractures compared with the non-EPO user (all P < 0.001). In adjusted Cox regression models, higher adjusted subdistribution hazard ratios (aSHRs) were observed for major osteoporotic fractures (2.41, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.01–2.89), osteoporotic hip fractures (2.19, 95% CI = 1.69–2.85), spine fractures (2.50, 95% CI = 1.87–3.34), and wrist fractures (2.34, 95% CI = 1.44–3.78) in EPO users than in nonEPO users. The risk of major osteoporotic fractures significantly increased with increasing EPO doses (P for trend < 0.0001), and a similar trend was observed for the risks of osteoporotic spine and wrist fractures. Conclusions Our findings suggest that EPO treatment in patients with ESRD undergoing hemodialysis is associated with an increased risk of osteoporotic fractures.

Objectives: Concerns about erythropoietin (EPO) therapy for anemia in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) contributing to potential bone loss and increased fracture risks are growing. This study investigated the impact of EPO administration on the risk of common osteoporotic fractures in ESRD patients. Methods: This population-based retrospective cohort study compared EPO users and non-EPO users among ESRD patients undergoing hemodialysis, diagnosed with ESRD between 2000 and 2014 identified from the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan. The cohorts were matched at a propensity score ratio of 1:1, resulting in equal sample sizes of 2839. Variables related to comorbidities were considered. Results: EPO users exhibited higher cumulative incidences of major osteoporotic fractures, hip fractures, spine fractures, and wrist fractures compared with the non-EPO user (all P < 0.001). In adjusted Cox regression models, higher adjusted subdistribution hazard ratios (aSHRs) were observed for major osteoporotic fractures (2.41, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.01–2.89), osteoporotic hip fractures (2.19, 95% CI = 1.69–2.85), spine fractures (2.50, 95% CI = 1.87–3.34), and wrist fractures (2.34, 95% CI = 1.44–3.78) in EPO users than in nonEPO users. The risk of major osteoporotic fractures significantly increased with increasing EPO doses (P for trend < 0.0001), and a similar trend was observed for the risks of osteoporotic spine and wrist fractures. Conclusions Our findings suggest that EPO treatment in patients with ESRD undergoing hemodialysis is associated with an increased risk of osteoporotic fractures.

Objectives: Concerns about erythropoietin (EPO) therapy for anemia in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) contributing to potential bone loss and increased fracture risks are growing. This study investigated the impact of EPO administration on the risk of common osteoporotic fractures in ESRD patients. Methods: This population-based retrospective cohort study compared EPO users and non-EPO users among ESRD patients undergoing hemodialysis, diagnosed with ESRD between 2000 and 2014 identified from the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan. The cohorts were matched at a propensity score ratio of 1:1, resulting in equal sample sizes of 2839. Variables related to comorbidities were considered. Results: EPO users exhibited higher cumulative incidences of major osteoporotic fractures, hip fractures, spine fractures, and wrist fractures compared with the non-EPO user (all P < 0.001). In adjusted Cox regression models, higher adjusted subdistribution hazard ratios (aSHRs) were observed for major osteoporotic fractures (2.41, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.01–2.89), osteoporotic hip fractures (2.19, 95% CI = 1.69–2.85), spine fractures (2.50, 95% CI = 1.87–3.34), and wrist fractures (2.34, 95% CI = 1.44–3.78) in EPO users than in nonEPO users. The risk of major osteoporotic fractures significantly increased with increasing EPO doses (P for trend < 0.0001), and a similar trend was observed for the risks of osteoporotic spine and wrist fractures. Conclusions Our findings suggest that EPO treatment in patients with ESRD undergoing hemodialysis is associated with an increased risk of osteoporotic fractures.