Objective It was designed to observe the effects of ? amyloid protein on the functions of neurotransmitter receptors and to disclose the possible pathophysiological mechanism of Alzheimer disease(AD) mediated by ? amyloid protein and neurotransmitter receptors. Methods Messenger RNA was taken from brains of aged Wistar rats with Promega kits and microinjected into Xenopus oocytes for receptor expression. The currents of expressed receptors and the effects of A? 1 40 on them were detected with the double electrode voltage clamps technique. Results ACh, glutamate, dopamine and GABA receptors were successively expressed in Xenopus oocytes. The currents of these expressed receptors detected with voltage clamps were carried by chloride ions with their equibrillium potentials close to 22 mV. Currents of expressed ACh, glutamate, dopamine receptors in the aged rats decreased more significantly than those in adult young rats. A? had a reverse effect on the functions of ACh and glutamic acid receptors. A? 1 40 enhanced significantly the currents of expressed glutamate receptors when it inhibited markedly the currents of expressed ACh receptors. The currents induced by 10 -4 mol/L ACh decreased from (90.90?14.14) nA to (80.67?16.24) nA ( P

The mosquito vector of filariasis malayi and its vectorial capacity was investigated In 5 endemic villages in Leshan Prefecture, Sichuan Province. The results showed that the man-biting rate, numan blood index and vectorial capacity of An. lesteri anthropophagus were 0.7, 5.1 and 10.63 times higher than those of An. sinensis. Besides, the natural infection by microfilaria in An, lesteri anthropophagus was also higher than that in An. sinensis by 5 times.From the above result, the authors concluded that An. lesteri anthropophagus was the main vector for transmitting filariasis malayi in the area under study.

Objective To explore the impact of early use of renal replacement therapy on the prognosis of severe acute pancreati-tis patients .Methods 60 cases of patients with severe acute pancreatitis were chosen between September 2015 and June 2016 in De-partment of General Surgery in our hospital ,and were randomly divided into treatment group (n=30) and control group (n=30) with the method of number table .The patients in the control group were treated with conventional therapy ,treatment group was given the early use of renal replacement therapy (within 12 h after onset) .The scores of Acute Physiology and Chronic Health E-valuation Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ) ,partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2 ) ,oxygenation index (PaO2/FiO2 ) ,lactate (Lac) ,C-reactive protein (CRP) ,interleukin 1 (IL-1 ) ,and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels before treatment ,12 h ,24 h ,48 h and 72 h after treatment were com-pared between two groups ,and the incidence of abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) was compared as well .Results The difference of the indicators before treatment between two groups was not significant different (P>0 .05);the scores of APACHEⅡ ,PaO2 ,PaO2/FiO2 and Lac levels at 12 h ,24 h ,48 h and 72 h after treatment in treatment group were all lower than those in con-trol group ,and the difference was statistically significant (P<0 .05);CRP ,IL-1 and IL-6 levels at 24 h ,48 h and 72 h after treat-ment in treatment group were lower than those in control group ,and the difference was statistically significant (P<0 .05) .In the control group ,5 cases had ACS ,the incidence rate was 16 .7% ,and there was no case having ACS in treatment group and the differ-ence was statistically significant (P<0 .05) .Conclusion The early application of renal replacement therapy can effectively improve the physiological indexes of patients with severe acute pancreatitis ,inhibit the inflammatory response rapidly ,reduce damage to the abdominal organs ,and is worthy of promotion and application in clinical practice .

OBJECTIVETo investigate the chemical constituents of Hypericum petiolulatum.

METHODThe chemical constituents were isolated and purified by column chromatography on silica gel, macroporous adsorbent resin, Sephadex LH-20, and preparative HPLC. Structures of the compounds were identified by NMR and MS spectroscopic methods.

RESULTNine lignans were obtained and their structures were elucidated as (-)-(2R, 3R)-1-O-feruloyl-8,8'-bisdihydrosiringenin (1), (-) -secoisolariciresinol 4-O-beta-D-glucopyrano-side (2), isolariciresinol-beta-4'-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (3), 5-methoxy-9beta-xylopyra-nosyl-(+) -isolariciresinol (4), (+) -lyoniresinol 2alpha-O-beta-D-xylopyranoside (5), 5-methoxy-9-beta-xylopyranosyl-(-) -isolariciresinol (6), isolariciresinol 6a-O-beta-D-gluco-side (7), (+)-lyoniresinol 3alpha-O-beta-D-xylopyranoside (8) and 7-methoxy-5-benzofuranpropanol 4'-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (9).

CONCLUSIONCoupound 1 was new and compounds 2-9 were obtained from the genus Hypericum for the first time.

Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Hypericum ; chemistry ; Lignans ; chemistry ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Mass Spectrometry

Objective　To investigate the effects of free radicals (FRs) and amyloid β protein 1-40 (Aβ1-40) on the functions of expressed neurotransmitter receptors (NRs) in Xenopus oocytes. Methods　Total RNA and messenger RNA (mRNA) was prepared from 3-month-old Wistar rat brain tissues with Promega kits and microinjected into maturated Xenopus oocytes (stages Ⅴ-Ⅵ) with 50nl (50ng) for each oocyte. The microinjected oocytes were incubated with modified Bath's solution at 19.0℃±1.0℃ for receptor expression and their currents were recorded with double electrode voltage clamp technique. Superoxide anion free radicals (SAFRs) were produced via a reaction system (HPX/XO) with hypoxanthine (HPX, 0.05mol/L) and xanthine oxidase (XO, 0.1U/L). In order to observe the effects of Aβ and SAFRs on the expressed glutamate receptor, HPX/XO and Aβ1-40 were added to incubation solution at 12h, 24h and 96h before recording. Results　The results showed that the oocytes expressed functional NRs originating from rat brain tissues. These NRs included muscarinic acetylcholine (mACh), glutamate (Glu), dopamine (DA), serotonin (5-HT) and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). The current characteristics of expressed receptors were inward currents carried by chloride ion with their equibrilium potentials close to -22mV. The extent of effect on the current of expressed glutamate receptor from rat brain was different among different Aβ concentrations and incubation times. Aβ1-40 at a concentration of 20nmol/L had little effect on the currents of expressed rat brain glutamate receptors up to 24h of incubation period; but the currents of glutamate receptor were significantly decreased (25% off, P<0.01) in the treatment of 60nmol/L Aβ1-40 over 24h. Moreover, when 20nmol/L Aβ1-40 was co-incubated over 12h with SAFRs produced by the reaction system of HPX/XO, it was found that the currents of expressed rat brain glutamate receptors had been changed markedly. When the oocytes were co-treated with 60nmol/L Aβ1-40 and SAFRs over a period of 12h, the currents of glutamate receptor significantly decreased (21% off, P<0.05), and the decreased percentage reached 52% over 24h co-treatment with 60nmol/L Aβ1-40 and SAFRs. In addition, vitamin E had a partial effect against this inhibitory effect. Conclusion　The results suggest that Aβ has a kind of inhibitory effect upon the current of the glutamate receptor, similar to the effects of free radicals. The effects can be antagonized by vitamin E. These imply that Aβ may play a role via inhibiting receptor function in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease.