Acute ischemic stroke is the most common type of stroke.At present,intravenous thrombolysis within 4.5 h after onset is still the most effective treatment method.Other reperfusion therapies such as endovascular thrombectomy are also shown to be safe and effective.However,some patients will have reocclusion and it is associated with poor outcome.This article reviews the mechanism and possible measures of prevention and treatment for restenosis after thrombolysis.

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect of percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) with different approaches in patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma type Ⅱ-Ⅳ.Methods The short-term clinical effect and longterm survival rate were analyzed retrospectively for a group of 97 patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma type Ⅱ-Ⅳ receiving PTBD with different approaches,i.e.unilateral and bilateral biliary drainage,each including stent placement and drainage tube implantation.Results No significant difference was found in the decreasing of TBIL and DBIL,the survival rate and survival Curve between unilateral and bilateral biliary drainage.The median survival time was 7.5 months in unilateral and 6.7 months in bilateral biliary drainage,6.0 months in single stent and 6.5 months in single drainage tube,and 4.3 months in bilateral stents,respectively.The post operation complications mainly occurred in single drainage tube.Conclusion Single biliary drainage is able to decrease bilirubin for hilar cholangiocarcinoma type Ⅱ-Ⅳ,while stent implantation should be taken as the first choice.

Aim To investigate the effect of genistein ( GEN) against Aβ( 25 -35 )-induced PC12 cells in regulation of Fas pathway through the activation of JNK. Methods Aβ( 25 -35 )-induced PC12 cells model was established. MTT and fluorescence activated cell sorting to analyze cell viability and apoptotic rate. Fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to detect Fas apoptotic pathways related gene Fas, FasL, caspase-3 and caspase-8 mRNA relative expression. Spectropho-tometry was used to detect caspase-3 and caspase-8 en-zyme activity. Western blot was adopted to detect JNK and p-JNK protein expression level changes. Results GEN attenuated Aβ( 25-35 )-induced upregulation of Fas and FasL, caspase-3 and caspase-8 mRNA lev-el, caspase-3 and caspase-8 enzyme activity, and sig-nificantly reduced Aβ(25-35) induced JNK phospho-rylation level. Conclusion GEN can protect PC12 cells from Aβ(25-35)-induced apoptosis via reducing Aβ( 25 -35 )-induced phosphorylation of JNK activa-tion, and then inhibit the JNK dependent Fas apoptotic pathway.

ObjectiveTo investigate the role and mechanism of microRNA-21 (miR-21) in the proliferation and apoptosis of ovarian epithelial carcinoma cells. MethodsA short-hairpin RNA specifically targeting miR-21 plasmid was constructed, and the recombinant was identified by restriction endonuclease analysis and DNA sequencing. Three experimental groups were included, transfection group (transfected with pSIREN-miR-21 ), negative control group ( transfected with pSIREN-miR-21-neg) and blank control group (without transfection plasmid ). The expression of miR-21 was detected by stem-loop real-time reverse transcription (RT)-PCR in OVCAR3 cells ,and western blot was used to detect the expression of programmed cell death 4 ( PDCD4 ) protein. Tethyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) and flow cytometry method were used respectively. ResultsRecombinant plasmid (pSIREN-miR-21) was constructed successfully and identified by restriction endonuclease analysis and DNA sequencing. The relative expression level of miR-21 in cells transfection, negative control and blank control group was 0.26 ± 0.08, 1.26 ± 0.21and 1.00 respectively. The level of miR-21 in the cells in transfection group was significantly lower than those in the negtive control and blank control group(P ＜0. 01 ). The gray scale of PDCD4. protein was 1443 ±33,858 ± 19 and 846 ± 16 in the transfection group, negative control and blank control group respectively. The value of PDCD4 in transfection group was higher than other control groups, and there were significantly difference among them( P ＜0. 01 ). Moreover, the optical density of the cells in transfection group was 0. 661 ±0. 015,significantly lower than those in two control groups (0. 848 ± 0. 150 for negative control, 0. 935 ± 0. 133 for blank control,P ＜ 0. 01 ). Forty-eight hours after tranfection, the rate of viable apoptotic cell was significantly higher than negative control and blank control group [(25.821 ± 0. 763 )％ vs.(0. 010 ± 0. 003 ) ％ vs. (0. 238 ± 0. 023) ％ ; P ＜ 0. 01];72 hours after tranfection, the rates of viable apoptotic cell and necrotic cell were all higher than the two control groups [the rate of viable apoptotic cell was ( 30. 480 ±0. 821 ) ％, ( 7. 792 ± 0. 312 ) ％ and ( 7. 033 ± 0. 257 ) ％ respectively ( P ＜ 0. 01 ) ; the rate of necrotic cell was (3.558 ±0.211)％, (1.557 ±0.067)％ and (1.049 ±0.028)％, respectively (P＜0. 01)].ConclusionmiR-21 might play an important role in the proliferation and apoptosis of ovarian epithelial carcinoma cells through negatively control the expression of PDCD4.

AIM: To investigate proliferation and apoptosis of cultured endothelial cell (ECV-304 cell line) induced by varied concentrations of oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL). METHODS: Cell morphology, Typan blue test, MTT test, LDH release test, flow cytometry and micro-molecular weight DNA fragment gel electrophoresis of apoptosis were used for the detection of the cytotoxic effects of ox-LDL on ECV-304 cell line. RESULTS: 0 1, 1, 10 mg/L ox-LDL could promote proliferation of ECV-304 cells. When the concentration of ox-LDL reached up to 100 mg/L and above, the distinct cytotoxic effect appeared. Further study showed that the apoptosis rate of endothelial cells, induced by ox-LDL of 150 mg/L and 200 mg/L for 12 hours, are 15 86% and 21 89%, respectively. 18 h and above hours after incubation, the apoptosis rate began to decrease and rate of necrosis increased. CONCLUSION: ox-LDL has strong cytotoxic effects on endothelial cells and could give rise to different pathologic process, such as proliferation, apoptosis prophase, apoptosis and necrosis.

ABSTRACT:Objective To detect the expressions of thioredoxin (TRX1)and c-jun-activation-domain binding protein-1 (JAB1)in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML)and healthy controls,and measure the TRX1 level in AML patients at different stages for evaluating its clinical significance.Methods The expressions of TRX1 and JAB1 in leukemia samples were analyzed by RT-PCR and Western blot at mRNA and protein levels, respectively.The correlation between TRX1 and JAB1,and the relationship between the gene expression and peripheral blood leukocytes count were also analyzed.Furthermore,serum TRX1 was measured by ELISA.Results TRX1 and JAB1 expressions at both mRNA and protein levels were obviously upregulated in leukemia patients (P<0.05). TRX1 was positively related to JAB1 in both newly diagnosed and recurrent AML patients.And high levels of TRX1 and JAB1 expressions were associated with white blood cell (WBC)counts in AML patients (P<0.05).Moreover, abundance of TRX1 in serum was significantly greater in AML patients,especially in the patients with recurrent AML,than in healthy donors (P<0.05).Conclusion There is a positive correlation between the expressions of TRX1 and JAB1 ,which is closely related to the occurrence and progression of AML.

Background As a key to economic and social development, occupational groups with low levels of occupational health literacy (OHL) are considered vulnerable groups with high risks of work-related diseases and injuries. Therefore, improving the OHL of these groups is of great significance in reducing the burden on public health. Objective To master the four dimensional OHL levels and influencing factors of the key groups in Fuling District, Chongqing, and provide a basis for formulating health education programs for occupational groups in the future. Methods The Occupational Health Literacy Questionnaire of Key Populations was distributed online to investigate the key occupational groups in Fuling District through stratified cluster sampling. The survey collected data on basic demographic information, legal knowledge of occupational health, basic knowledge of occupational health protection, basic skills of occupational health protection, and healthy working style and behavior. Univariate analysis, logistic regression, and nomogram were used to analyze the above data. Results This survey distributed 4824 questionnaires, of which 4677 were valid, with a recovery rate of 97.0%. The dimensional OHL levels of key occupational groups in Fuling District from high to low were: healthy working style and behavior (79.1%), basic knowledge of occupational health protection (78.4%), legal knowledge of occupational health protection (43.3%), and basic skills of occupational health protection (37.6%). The results of logistic regression showed that the occupational health legal knowledge levels in the groups of high school/vocational high school/technical secondary school and above (reference: primary school and below) (OR=1.47, 95%CI: 1.05, 2.05), ≥3000 yuan of monthly income (reference: <3000 yuan of monthly income) (OR=1.39, 95%CI: 1.06, 1.84), and medium enterprises (reference: micro enterprises) (OR=1.84, 95%CI: 1.29, 2.63) were higher; the occupational health legal knowledge level in the electricity, heat, gas, and water production and supply industry was lower than that in the mining industry (OR=0.68, 95%CI: 0.47, 0.97); the basic knowledge levels of occupational health protection in the groups of ≥ 3 years of service (reference: < 3 years of service) (OR=0.78, 95%CI: 0.65, 0.94) and medium enterprises (reference: large enterprises) (OR=0.78, 95%CI: 0.64, 0.95) were lower; the basic knowledge level of occupational health protection in the ethnic minorities was higher than that in the Han ethnic group (OR=1.73, 95%CI: 1.04, 2.87); the occupational health protection basic skill level in the group of ≥ 3 years of service (reference: < 3 years of service) (OR=0.69, 95%CI: 0.60, 0.79) was higher; the level of healthy working style and behavior in the group of ≥ 11 years of service (reference: < 3 years of service) (OR=0.73, 95%CI: 0.59, 0.89) was lower; the level of healthy working style and behavior in the group of high school/vocational high school/technical secondary school and above (reference: primary school and below) (OR=1.60, 95%CI: 1.15, 2.23) was higher. The nomogram showed that educational level and monthly income had the greatest impact on the occupational health legal knowledge level; length of service had the greatest impact on the basic knowledge of occupational health protection level and the healthy working style and behavior level. Conclusion In the future, the focus of health education and health promotion in Fuling District should be implemented to improve the basic skills of occupational health protection and the legal knowledge of occupational health, especially for workers with low education, low income, from micro enterprises, and on the job, so as to improve their skills of occupational health protection and legal knowledge, and to control the occurrence of occupational or work-related diseases.

【Objective】 To investigate the management of adverse reactions to blood donation(ARBD) in blood services, so as to promote the surveillance of ARBD and improve the quality of blood donation service in Chongqing. 【Methods】 A questionnaire, involving the staff and facilities in blood donation sites as well as the prevention and treatment, the record and report, the following up and data related to ARBD was developed by Chongqing Society of Blood Transfusion in February 2019, and was issued to 18 blood services(1 blood center and its sub-center, 6 central blood stations and 11 hospital blood banks) in the Chongqing via email. The questionnaire was filled in and submitted before March 31 by management personnel participating in the investigation, and the data was collected, collated, revised and analyzed by Excel 2011. 【Results】 A total 19 questionnaires were collected, with the valid rate at 100%(19/19). 78.95%(15/19) of the blood services met the requirements of medical personnel allocation(>6 medical staff) when the number of daily blood collection was more than 60, and 100%(19/19)met the requirements of medical personnel allocation(2 to 6 medical staff) when the number of daily blood collection was less than 60. 89.47%(17/19) of the blood services were equipped with epinephrine hydrochloride, and 84.21%(16/19) with dexamethasone(an anti-allergic drug). There were significant differences in the allocation of other types of drugs. 100.00%(19/19) of the blood services formulated prevention and treatment measures concerning ARBD. In 2019, the incidence of ARBD in Chongqing was reported to be 0.54%(1 958 / 359 871), with the highestas [1.35%(223/16 543)] in subcenters and the lowest [0.32%(179/56 299)] in central blood centers (P<0.05). There was statistical significances in the incidences of ARBD reported by different blood stations(P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 The monitoring and management of ARBD among blood services in Chongqing should be further standardized in terms of staffing allocation, emergency drugs allocation and reporting, so as to gradually realize regional homogenization and ensure blood safety.

Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the degree of skin thickening of patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) by high-frequecy ultrasound,as well as the value of ultrasound.Methods Thirty-one patients with SSc and 31 age-matched and sex-matched healthy control subjects were enrolled.Skin thickness,modified Rodnan skin score (mRss),disease activity index (DA1) and other clinical parameters within and between groups were compared using SPSS 21 software.Student's t test,x2 test or nonparametric testing was performed to compare between groups.The Pearson or Spearman methods were used to test correlation.Sensitivity and specificity of skin thickness detection by high-frequecy ultrasound were evaluated by using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.Results Total thickness of skin (TST) of patientswith SSc were positively correlated to the total mRss (r=0.416,P=0.020) and DAI (r=0.436,P=0.014).The skin thickness of patients with mRss 0,1,2 was higher than CNT [1.45(0.60),1.70(0.30) mm,1.60 (0.30) mm vs 1.30 (0.35) mm,Z=-3.242,-6.577,-5.090,P＜0.01].The cut-off value of TST used as the evaluation of skin change was 7.4 mm by ROC curve analysis,and the sensitivity and specificity of them was 77.40％ and 87.10％ respectively,and patients with thickened skin were more likely to suffer interstitial lung disease (ILD) (16 vs 1,x2=26.004,P=0.014),higher mRss [10(6) vs 4(5),Z=-2.499,P=0.031],DAI [(5.2±2.4) vs (2.3±1.7),t=-3.104,P＜0.01)] and CRP [(8.60 (10.48) mg/L vs 3.52 (4.93) mg/L,Z=-2.276,P=0.038].Conclusion US combined with mRss are helpful to evaluate the changes of skin and disease activity of patients in SSc.US can identify the early and subclinical skin involvement that may precede mRss,providing a more reliable tool for diagnosis,treat efficacy and prediction of organ damage.

Objective:To investigate any anti-aging effect of repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and explore the relationship between the effect and relief of clinical symptoms in patients with Parkinson′s disease (PD).Methods:A total of 108 PD patients were randomly divided into an rTMS group and a control group, each of 54, while another 54 healthy counterparts were selected to form a normal group. In addition to anti-PD drug therapy, the rTMS group was given daily rTMS treatment, 5 days a week for 4 weeks, while the control group received sham rTMS treatment, with no treatment of the normal group. Before the treatment and after 4 weeks of treatment as well as and 1 month after the ending of the treatment, the subjects′ clinical exercise symptoms were evaluated using the Unified Parkinson′s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), a timed exercise test and the 10m re-entry exercise test. Non-exercise symptoms were assessed using the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) and the Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE). Fasting venous blood samples were analyzed to quantify the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3).Results:Four weeks and 1 month after the treatment, the average UPDRS scores, exercise test times and 10m re-entry exercise test results of the rTMS group were significantly better than those before treatment and significantly better than those of the control group at the same time point. The rTMS group′s average HAMA, HAMD and MMSE scores, as well as its average P300 latency and amplitude were also significantly better than those of the control group at the same time point and significantly better than those before treatment. After 4 weeks, the average MMP-3 content in the rTMS group was significantly lower than the control group′s average, and after a month the average levels of TNF, IL-6, IL-1β and MMP-3 of the rTMS group were all significantly different from those before treatment and those of the control group. The TNF, IL-6, IL-1β and MMP-3 levels were all positively correlated with the average UPDRS total score.Conclusion:High-frequency rTMS therapy can change the phenotypes related to cell senescence, and thus has good therapeutic effect on motor and non-motor symptoms of PD.