Objective To assess the occupational health literacy (OHL) level and health education needs among workers in chemical enterprises in Fuling District, Chongqing City. Methods A total of 8 209 workers from 18 chemical enterprises in Fuling District, Chongqing City were selected as the research subjects using the judgment sampling method. The Occupational Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire designed by the research team was used to survey OHL levels and health education needs in workers. Results The OHL level of the research subjects was 62.1% (5 101/8 209). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the OHL level of male workers was higher than that of females (P<0.01); higher OHL was also associated with higher education level, higher personal monthly income and smaller enterprises of workers (all P<0.01); production team leaders, safety production/technical management personnel, and administrative/logistics staff all had higher OHL levels than front-line operators (all P<0.05); and workers who participated in occupational health knowledge training more frequently had higher OHL levels (all P<0.05). The result of health education needs investigation showed that 97.8% of the research subjects believed that occupational health knowledge training provided by their workplaces could improve workers' OHL levels; the main channels for workers obtaining occupational health knowledge and information on workplace hazards were “employer-organized occupational health training” and “warning signs and labels”, accounting for 93.9% and 90.9%, respectively; 59.9% of workers preferred to acquire occupational health knowledge through “training or publicity organized by their workplace”. However, a current problem with occupational health knowledge publicity is its lack of diverse formats. Conclusion The OHL level of workers in chemical enterprises in Fuling District, Chongqing City is influenced by gender, educational level, enterprise size, job position, monthly personal income, and training status. The formats of occupational health knowledge publicity should be optimized.

Background As a key to economic and social development, occupational groups with low levels of occupational health literacy (OHL) are considered vulnerable groups with high risks of work-related diseases and injuries. Therefore, improving the OHL of these groups is of great significance in reducing the burden on public health. Objective To master the four dimensional OHL levels and influencing factors of the key groups in Fuling District, Chongqing, and provide a basis for formulating health education programs for occupational groups in the future. Methods The Occupational Health Literacy Questionnaire of Key Populations was distributed online to investigate the key occupational groups in Fuling District through stratified cluster sampling. The survey collected data on basic demographic information, legal knowledge of occupational health, basic knowledge of occupational health protection, basic skills of occupational health protection, and healthy working style and behavior. Univariate analysis, logistic regression, and nomogram were used to analyze the above data. Results This survey distributed 4824 questionnaires, of which 4677 were valid, with a recovery rate of 97.0%. The dimensional OHL levels of key occupational groups in Fuling District from high to low were: healthy working style and behavior (79.1%), basic knowledge of occupational health protection (78.4%), legal knowledge of occupational health protection (43.3%), and basic skills of occupational health protection (37.6%). The results of logistic regression showed that the occupational health legal knowledge levels in the groups of high school/vocational high school/technical secondary school and above (reference: primary school and below) (OR=1.47, 95%CI: 1.05, 2.05), ≥3000 yuan of monthly income (reference: <3000 yuan of monthly income) (OR=1.39, 95%CI: 1.06, 1.84), and medium enterprises (reference: micro enterprises) (OR=1.84, 95%CI: 1.29, 2.63) were higher; the occupational health legal knowledge level in the electricity, heat, gas, and water production and supply industry was lower than that in the mining industry (OR=0.68, 95%CI: 0.47, 0.97); the basic knowledge levels of occupational health protection in the groups of ≥ 3 years of service (reference: < 3 years of service) (OR=0.78, 95%CI: 0.65, 0.94) and medium enterprises (reference: large enterprises) (OR=0.78, 95%CI: 0.64, 0.95) were lower; the basic knowledge level of occupational health protection in the ethnic minorities was higher than that in the Han ethnic group (OR=1.73, 95%CI: 1.04, 2.87); the occupational health protection basic skill level in the group of ≥ 3 years of service (reference: < 3 years of service) (OR=0.69, 95%CI: 0.60, 0.79) was higher; the level of healthy working style and behavior in the group of ≥ 11 years of service (reference: < 3 years of service) (OR=0.73, 95%CI: 0.59, 0.89) was lower; the level of healthy working style and behavior in the group of high school/vocational high school/technical secondary school and above (reference: primary school and below) (OR=1.60, 95%CI: 1.15, 2.23) was higher. The nomogram showed that educational level and monthly income had the greatest impact on the occupational health legal knowledge level; length of service had the greatest impact on the basic knowledge of occupational health protection level and the healthy working style and behavior level. Conclusion In the future, the focus of health education and health promotion in Fuling District should be implemented to improve the basic skills of occupational health protection and the legal knowledge of occupational health, especially for workers with low education, low income, from micro enterprises, and on the job, so as to improve their skills of occupational health protection and legal knowledge, and to control the occurrence of occupational or work-related diseases.

Objective:To evaluate the analgesic efficacy of supra-inguinal fascia iliac compartment block (S-FICB)in patients with hip fracture.Methods:This study was a single-center, randomized controlled trial. Forty-eight patients who were admitted to the emergency department due to clinically diagnosed femoral neck or intertrochanteric fractures from April to September 2023 were selected. A random sequence was generated using IBM SPSS Statistics 20, and the patients were divided into 2 groups in a 1∶1 ratio( n=24 each): S-FICB group and infra-inguinal fascia iliac compartment block (I-FICB) group. Both groups received nerve blocks under ultrasound guidance, with an injection of 0.25% ropivacaine 40 ml. The primary outcome measure was sufentanil consumption within 24 h post-block. Secondary outcome measures included the distribution of local anesthetic spread as observed on CT at 0.5 h post-block, the extent of hip skin sensory reduction to pinprick, the time to first analgesic pump pressing, the number of effective analgesic pump pressing within 24 h post-block, the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) score for pain during passive movement at 0.5 h post-block, and the static NRS scores at baseline (pre-block) and at 0.5, 3, 6, 12 and 24 h post-block. Results:Compared to I-FICB group, the consumption of sufentanil was significantly decreased, the coverage of lumbar plexus nerve branches by local anesthetics was increased, NRS scores were decreased during passive movement, the time to the first analgesic pump pressing was prolonged, the number of effective pump pressing was reduced, and static NRS scores were decreased at 24 h post-block in S-FICB group( P<0.01). In I-FICB group, no local anesthetic coverage of the iliohypogastric or ilioinguinal nerves was observed. Neither group showed coverage of the obturator nerve by the local anesthetic. Conclusions:Compared to I-FICB, S-FICB (0.25% ropivacaine 40 ml) provides a wider range of local anesthetic spread and can cover more branches of the lumbar plexus, which exerts better analgesic efficacy in patients with hip fracture. However, neither approach directly blocks the obturator nerve.

Objective:To evaluate the analgesic efficacy of supra-inguinal fascia iliac compartment block (S-FICB)in patients with hip fracture.Methods:This study was a single-center, randomized controlled trial. Forty-eight patients who were admitted to the emergency department due to clinically diagnosed femoral neck or intertrochanteric fractures from April to September 2023 were selected. A random sequence was generated using IBM SPSS Statistics 20, and the patients were divided into 2 groups in a 1∶1 ratio( n=24 each): S-FICB group and infra-inguinal fascia iliac compartment block (I-FICB) group. Both groups received nerve blocks under ultrasound guidance, with an injection of 0.25% ropivacaine 40 ml. The primary outcome measure was sufentanil consumption within 24 h post-block. Secondary outcome measures included the distribution of local anesthetic spread as observed on CT at 0.5 h post-block, the extent of hip skin sensory reduction to pinprick, the time to first analgesic pump pressing, the number of effective analgesic pump pressing within 24 h post-block, the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) score for pain during passive movement at 0.5 h post-block, and the static NRS scores at baseline (pre-block) and at 0.5, 3, 6, 12 and 24 h post-block. Results:Compared to I-FICB group, the consumption of sufentanil was significantly decreased, the coverage of lumbar plexus nerve branches by local anesthetics was increased, NRS scores were decreased during passive movement, the time to the first analgesic pump pressing was prolonged, the number of effective pump pressing was reduced, and static NRS scores were decreased at 24 h post-block in S-FICB group( P<0.01). In I-FICB group, no local anesthetic coverage of the iliohypogastric or ilioinguinal nerves was observed. Neither group showed coverage of the obturator nerve by the local anesthetic. Conclusions:Compared to I-FICB, S-FICB (0.25% ropivacaine 40 ml) provides a wider range of local anesthetic spread and can cover more branches of the lumbar plexus, which exerts better analgesic efficacy in patients with hip fracture. However, neither approach directly blocks the obturator nerve.

Objective:To investigate any anti-aging effect of repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and explore the relationship between the effect and relief of clinical symptoms in patients with Parkinson′s disease (PD).Methods:A total of 108 PD patients were randomly divided into an rTMS group and a control group, each of 54, while another 54 healthy counterparts were selected to form a normal group. In addition to anti-PD drug therapy, the rTMS group was given daily rTMS treatment, 5 days a week for 4 weeks, while the control group received sham rTMS treatment, with no treatment of the normal group. Before the treatment and after 4 weeks of treatment as well as and 1 month after the ending of the treatment, the subjects′ clinical exercise symptoms were evaluated using the Unified Parkinson′s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), a timed exercise test and the 10m re-entry exercise test. Non-exercise symptoms were assessed using the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) and the Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE). Fasting venous blood samples were analyzed to quantify the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3).Results:Four weeks and 1 month after the treatment, the average UPDRS scores, exercise test times and 10m re-entry exercise test results of the rTMS group were significantly better than those before treatment and significantly better than those of the control group at the same time point. The rTMS group′s average HAMA, HAMD and MMSE scores, as well as its average P300 latency and amplitude were also significantly better than those of the control group at the same time point and significantly better than those before treatment. After 4 weeks, the average MMP-3 content in the rTMS group was significantly lower than the control group′s average, and after a month the average levels of TNF, IL-6, IL-1β and MMP-3 of the rTMS group were all significantly different from those before treatment and those of the control group. The TNF, IL-6, IL-1β and MMP-3 levels were all positively correlated with the average UPDRS total score.Conclusion:High-frequency rTMS therapy can change the phenotypes related to cell senescence, and thus has good therapeutic effect on motor and non-motor symptoms of PD.

Based on near infrared spectroscopy and high performance liquid chromatography, this paper established the regression relationship between near infrared spectroscopy and index component content of Huoxiang Zhengqi oral liquid, so as to realize the rapid detection of index component content based on near infrared spectroscopy. Magnolol, honokiol and hesperidin were used as the quality indexes of Huoxiang Zhengqi oral liquid. After using the first derivative and normalization pretreatment method, characteristic variables were screened by CARS, and the correction model was finally established by partial least-squares regression (PLSR) method. The method accuracy was evaluated with the external validation, and the prediction results were tested for significance. The results indicated that when the near infrared spectrum was scanned through the bottle, the model's correlation coefficients of prediction (R_p) were higher than 0.99, the root mean square errors of the prediction models (RMSEP) were all less than 0.008 4, and the relative standard errors of prediction set (RSEP) were all less than 2.83%. There was no significant difference in the predicted results between these two kinds of model. The models established in the non-destructive way have good performance and high prediction accuracy. The rapid and nondestructive way has application value in the quality control of Huoxiang Zhengqi oral liquid.

Post-stroke fatigue (PSF) is a common complication after stroke with complex pathogenesis and many influencing factors. It is characterized by fatigue that is not consistent with activity, accompanied by lack of voluntary activity willingness, and usually cannot be improved by rest. PSF seriously affects the prognosis of stroke patients, and early identification and intervention of PSF high-risk groups can help improve the prognosis of PSF patients. This article reviews the pathogenesis, related factors and treatment progress of PSF.

Tirofiban is a selective non-peptide glycoprotein Ⅱb/Ⅲa receptor inhibitor that reversibly inhibits fibrinogen-dependent platelet aggregation and subsequent thrombosis. Thrombosis caused by platelet activation plays a vital role in the occurrence and development of ischemic cerebrovascular events. Some studies have evaluated the use of tirofiban in intravenous thrombolysis and endovascular therapy. Although the optimal dose, conditions of use, and target patients have not been fully identified, the good tolerability of tirofiban and its efficacy in improving recanalization and long-term functional outcomes have been validated. This article reviews the mechanism of tirofiban and its application in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke reperfusion.

Objective:In recent years, circular RNAs (circRNAs) related to stroke has been widely studied, and its change involves multiple pathophysiological aspects of stroke, including angiogenesis, neural plasticity, cell apoptosis, and neuroinflammation. Further exploration of the changes of specific circRNAs after acute ischemic stroke and the molecular biological mechanisms involved will help to develop possible new drug targets and improve the prognosis of patients. This article reviews the main circRNAs that have changed after acute ischemic stroke, and their mechanism of action, functional detection methods, and challenges faced by the current research.

As an important cause of ischemic stroke, atrial fibrillation is closely associated with left atrial abnormality. However, the relationship between left atrium, left atrial appendage and ischemic stroke in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation is still controversial. This review focuses on the relationship between the size, shape and function of the left atrium and left atrial appendage and the occurrence, classification, severity and prognosis of ischemic stroke in patients with ischemic stroke accompanied by atrial fibrillation, in order to better recognize and prevent atrial fibrillation-related stroke and evaluate the prognosis of atrial fibrillation-related stroke in clinical practice.