Objective To evaluate the effect of rhubarb on intestinal mucosal damage in septic rats by comparing with ulinastatin.Methods A total of 84 healthy Sprague-Dawley rats (half male,half female),aged 3 months,weighing 200-330 g,were randomly divided into 5 groups according to the random number table:control group (group C,n =6),sham operation group (group S,n =6),sepsis group (group Sep),rhubarb group (group R,n=24) and ulinastatin group (group U,n=24).Sepsis was induced by cecum ligation and puncture.In group R,rhubarb 1.2 g/100 g was dissolved in normal saline at room temperature,3 and 4 h later the filtrate about 2-3 ml was obtained and injected through a gastric tube into stomach once every 12 h,and 72 h later sepsis was induced.In group U,ulinastatin 50 000 U/kg (in 2 ml of normal saline) was injected once every 24 h,and 72 h later sepsis was induced.In Sep,R and U groups,at 6,12,24 and 48 h after ligation (T1 4),blood samples were collected from the orbital venous plexus for determination of plasma diamine oxidase (DAO) activity.Results The activity of plasma DAO was significantly higher at T1-4 in Sep,R and U groups than in C and S groups.The activity of plasma DAO was significantly lower at T3,4 in R and U groups than in Sep group.There was no statistical difference in the plasma DAO activity between R group and U group.Conclusion Rhubarb can reduce intestinal mucosal damage in septic rats,which is similar to that of ulinastatin.

Objective:To observe the acute toxic side effects of liposome PP 1 topically applied in eyes .Methods:PP1 liposomes (10, 60, 400 μmol· L-1 ) were used in one eye of SD rats , 4 times daily.The changes of conjunctiva , cornea and iris were observed under the slit-lamp biomicroscope , for three consecutive days , and evaluated by the stimulus score sheet of anterior segment .One week after the treatment , the corneas , irises and lenses were isolated , and their changes were observed under the light microscope .The ul-trastructural changes of corneal epithelial cells and endothelial cells were observed under the electron microscope .Results:There was a little of conjunctival secretion in one rat in the first day after the treatment with 400 μmol· L-1 PP1 liposomes, and the other rats were not irritant reaction .The corneal fluorescein staining of all rats were negative .The structures of cornea , iris, lens tissue were normal after given different concentrations of PP1 liposomes.Conclusion:PP1 liposomes at Low, medium and high concentrations show no a-cute eye toxicity in SD rats .

As the improvement of patient experience and medical experience has become the key goal of medical model reform,patient experience has gradually guided the development direction of future medical treatment and dominated the model of patient management.Patient journey mapping,as a patient-centered tool for visualizing patient experience,has been widely used in patient management in recent years.It will introduce the definition,construction method,application progress,problems,and prospects of patient journey mapping in the field of patient management at home and abroad to encourage more medical staff to use patient journey mapping to gain insight into patient needs,optimize patient experience and gather strength in patient management.