Objective To discuss the modern surgical treatments for congenital choledochal cysts complicated with anomalous junction of pancreaticobiliary ductal system through analyzing data in 30 cases. Methods The 30 cases were diagnosed with ERCP, MRCP, cholangiography or dissection, respectively. Then 28 of them were treated with external drainage (n=2), internal drainage (n=9) and Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy (n=22), respectively. Of the 28, 5 received operations twice. Results External drainage was helpful in emergency cases while internal drainage frequently resulted in recurrent cholangitis, choledocholith, anastomotic stenosis or cyst malignancy that needed to be operated on again. Choledochocyst resection and pancreaticobiliary shunt achieved satisfactory results. Conclusions Congenital choledochal cyst is usually complicated with anomalous junction of pancreaticobiliary ductal system (88.2%). As for its treatment, choledochocyst resection, pancreaticobiliary shunt and hepaticojejunostomy should be of the first choice.

Objective To contrast the efficacy of mechanical stapler and hand suture for cervical esophagogastrostomy in the treatment of esophayeal cancer.Methods From January 2001 to August 2007,217 cases of cervical esophagogastrostomy were done in esophageal carcinoma.Among them.136 cases were treated by mechanical stapler and 81 cases by hand.Results The incidence of anastomotic fistula was 2.2%(3/136)in mechanical stapler group and 11.1%(9/81)in the group by hand.There was significant difference between the two groups(P＜0.95).The incidence of cervical incision infection was 2.9%(4/136)in mechanical stapler group and 14.8%(12/81)in the group by hand.There was significant difference between these two groups(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference between these two groups about pulmonary infection,arrhythmia,chylothorax and laryngeal nerve injury.Conclusion The incidence of anastomotic fistula and cervical incision infection was reduced by mechanical stapler which was displayed to advantage in esophagogastrostomy.

Objective: To observe the effects of recombinant adenovirus with human thioredoxin (hTRX) on the inflammatory response in mice with viral myocarditis and explore the related mechanism. Methods: Sixty Balb/c male mice were randomly divided into control group, myocarditis group, and hTRX group according to the random number table (n=20 each group). The myocarditis group and hTRX group were injected with 100 TCID₅₀ Coxackie virus B3 (0.1 ml) in the abdomen and control group were injected with saline. Two days before the viral injection, the hTRX group were injected with recombinant adenovirus vector coding the human thioredoxin gene by pericardial puncture and the control group and myocarditis group were injected with recombinant adenovirus vector without coding gene by pericardial puncture, all these mice were killed and hearts were removed 7 days later. The morphology of myocardial tissue in each group was detected by HE staining and the ultrastructure changes by electron microscope. The protein expressions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β and NF-κB were detected by ELISA and Western blot. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to observe the protein expression levels of thioredoxin. Results: Necrosis of myocardial cells and a small amount of cell infiltration were found in the myocarditis group and necrosis and cell infiltration were significantly reduced in the hTRX group and no myocardial lesion was found in control group on HE stained sections. Electron microscope examination evidenced cell swelling and dissolved myofilament, vacuoles degeneration in mitochondria in the myocarditis group. These changes were significantly reduced in the hTRX group. There was no myocardial lesion in control group. The protein expression of TNF-α, IL-1β and NF-κB were significantly upregulated in myocarditis group than in control group (all P<0.01). The protein expression of TNF-α, IL-1β and NF-κB were significantly downregulated in hTRX group than in myocarditis group (all P<0.01). Immunohistochemical staining showed that protein expression of hTRX was higher in hTRX group than in myocarditis group (P<0.01). Conclusion Recombinant adenovirus hTRX can attenuate cardiac injury in mice with acute myocarditis via inhibiting the inflammatory response and downregulating the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β and NF-κB.

Objective:To investigate the health status and needs of the occupational population in an industrial park in Shanghai, and to explore the causes.Methods:The study was a mixed method study. First, a list of health needs of the occupational population was developed through literature review. Then, a questionnaire was prepared on the basis of the list of health needs of the occupational population, which consisted of 4 parts: basic personal information, health status, medical care, and health needs. From September 16 to October 9, 2022, 3 enterprises of representative size and industry in Shanghai Xinzhuang Industrial Park were selected by convenience sampling method, and the target sample size was allocated in equal proportions according to the total number of employees, and the Quick Response code of the electronic questionnaire was distributed (Questionnaire Star). Finally, an interview outline was created based on the results of the questionnaire survey to gain a deeper understanding of the connotations and reasons for the health needs of employees, etc. The interviews were conducted from October 15 to 22, 2022.Results:A total of 819 enterprise employees were surveyed, of whom 580 (70.82%) were male, and their age was mainly concentrated in the 19-44 age group (621(75.82%)). Among them, 348 (42.49%) were overweight or obese, 388 (47.37%) had regular medical check-ups, and only 224 (27.35%) had active health interventions. The top 5 health needs of the surveyed population were relief of visual fatigue (365(44.57%)), improvement of sleep (355(43.35%)), relief of physical fatigue (343(41.88%)), oral health (333(40.66%)), and immunity enhancement (332(40.54%)). The interviewees were from 2 large enterprises, totaling 12 people. The results of the interviews showed that excessive use of mobile phones, high stress, interpersonal and social confusion, retaliatory late nights, sedentary lifestyles, and socializing were the main causes of health problems.Conclusions:The health status of the occupational population in Shanghai Xinzhuang Industrial Parks is not optimistic, and their health needs are obvious. Their health problems and needs are related to the characteristics of their work patterns.

Based on the analysis of the existing problems and implementation dilemmas in family doctor contracting and first-return-visits faced by primary medical institutions in China, the authors propose countermeasures to provide reference for managers of primary health care institutions.

Objective:To explore the impact of health self-focused attention on knowledge, attitude and practice of health management in patients with essential hypertension.Methods:This was a cross-sectional study. A total of 190 patients with essential hypertension were randomly selected from Shanghai Dapuqiao Community Health Service Center to participate in a questionnaire survey from October to December, 2021. The contents of the questionnaire included the general information of the patients, the degree of influence of hypertension on individuals, and the patients′ knowledge and personal cognition of hypertension, self-management behaviors, health self-focused attention, and blood pressure control. SPSS 25.0 and AMOS 24.0 were used to develop a structural equation model for analysis.Results:The recovery rate of questionnaires was 100.0% (190/190). Of the 190 patients, there were 82 males and 108 females with a mean age of (71.2±8.5) years. According to blood pressure, 190 hypertensive patients were divided into blood pressure controlled group ( n=119) and blood pressure non-controlled group ( n=71). There were significant differences in the total scores of hypertension self-management behavior and health self-focused attention between the two groups ( P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed that the degree of influence of hypertension on individuals was negatively correlated with the disease knowledge and personal cognition, and the performance of hypertension self-management behavior ( r=-0.39 and -0.28, P<0.01), while the disease knowledge and personal cognition were positively correlated with the performance of hypertension self-management behavior and health self-focused attention ( r=0.29 and 0.27, P<0.01). Hypertension self-management behavior was positively correlated with health self-focused attention and blood pressure control ( r=0.28 and 0.48, P<0.01), and health self-focused attention was positively correlated with blood pressure control ( r=0.21, P<0.01). The equation model analysis showed that health self-focused attention had a driving effect on patients′ disease knowledge and cognition and self-management behavior. Health self-focused attention significantly affected patients′ mastery of disease knowledge and formation of correct cognition (path coefficient=0.28). In addition, hypertension patients′ disease knowledge storage and internal recognition of prevention and treatment strategies determined their self-management behavior (path coefficient=0.20). On the other hand, the impact of hypertension on patients life, work and economic burden played a negative role in their acceptance of disease management knowledge, formation of correct concepts, and adoption of self-management behaviors with adjustment coefficients of -0.48 and -0.22, respectively. Conclusion:Health self-focused attention may play an initial role in the process of changing the knowledge, attitude and behavior of hypertension patients.

As a common disease in nervous system, epilepsy is possessed of characteristics of high incidence, suddenness and recurrent seizures. Timely prediction with corresponding rescues and treatments can be regarded as effective countermeasure to epilepsy emergencies, while most accidental injuries can thus be avoided. Currently, how to use electroencephalogram (EEG) signals to predict seizure is becoming a highlight topic in epilepsy researches. In spite of significant progress that made, more efforts are still to be made before clinical applications. This paper reviews past epilepsy studies, including research records and critical technologies. Contributions of machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) on seizure predictions have been emphasized. Since feature selection and model generalization limit prediction ratings of conventional ML measures, DL based seizure predictions predominate future epilepsy studies. Consequently, more exploration may be vitally important for promoting clinical applications of epileptic seizure prediction.
Electroencephalography ; Epilepsy/diagnosis* ; Humans ; Machine Learning ; Seizures/diagnosis* ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted

Objective    To analyze different doses of metoprolol in prevention of atrial fibrillation (AF) after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). Methods    From June 2016 to August 2017, 358 patients undergoing CABG in cardiothoracic surgery in Nanjing First Hospital were randomly divided into two groups according to the dose of metoprolol: a group A with metoprolol of 25 mg/d, a total of 182 patients, including 145 males and 37 females, with an average age of 65.40±10.52 years; a group B with metoprolol of 75 mg/d, a total of 176 patients, 138 males and 38 females with an average age of 63.31±9.04 years. The incidence of AF was observed 5 days after surgery. Results    The incidence of post-CABG AF (PCAF) in the group A and the group B was 27.47%, 18.18%, respectively with a statistical difference (P=0.04). PCAF was detected its maximum peak on the second day post-surgery. Of patients at age of 70 years or more, the incidence of PCAF in the group A was higher than that in the group B with no statistical difference (P=0.18). Among the patients with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) lower than 40%, there was no statistical difference in the incidence of PCAF between the two groups (P=0.76). Conclusion    Metoprolol 75.00 mg/d is better than 25.00 mg/d in preventing new AF after CABG.

OBJECTIVE：To understand the current situation and existing problems of Blumea balsamifera industry in China ， and to provide reference for its sustainable development . METHODS ：With the keywords of “B. balsamifera ”“Ai Pian ”“Ai Fen ”， etc.，through the patent platform of SooPat and Baiten ，the patent data of B. balsamifera that had been published from Jan. 1989 to Dec. 2019 were collected. The International Patent Classification （IPC）was used to sort out and count the patent information of B. balsamifera，to understand the development status of B. balsamifera industry in technology and research field ，to analyze the existing problems and to explore the development trend of B. balsamifera industry in China so as to put forward corresponding suggestions. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS：A total of 690 patents related to B. balsamifera were collected ，mainly invention patents，of which the authorization rate was 27.39％，the effective rate was 17.97％，and the failure rate was 55.22％. Top 10 applicants with the largest number of applications had a total of 165 applications，accounting for 23.91％ of the total number of applications. Top 10 applicants were 4 enterprises，3 natural persons and 3 colleges and universities. The patents of B. balsamifera were mainly distributed in Guizhou ，Shandong，Anhui，Guangdong，Guangxi and Hainan ，accounting for 81.01％ of the total patent applications of B. balsamifera . The patent technology field of B. balsamifera had expanded from traditional Chinese medicine to daily chemical products ，health care and physiotherapy and other daily consumer good fields. From the perspective of patent intensity，the number and quality of patent applications were not coordinated ，and there were many meaningless patent applications，and the conversion rate was low. It is suggested that China should strengthen the research on B. balsamifera and its more compatible medicinal materials ，promote the innovation ，development，transformation and upgrading of B. balsamifera industry；strengthen the systematic and in-depth research on B. balsamifera，improve the quality and conversion rate of patent xiexiaoli13@126.com technology，and revitalize the development of B. balsamifera industry； expand multi-party cooperation ， strengthen the E-mail：fulai.yu@163.com research on patent core technology ，build the strategic alliance of intellectual property rights of B. balsamifera industry，and realize the high quality development of B. balsamifera industry.