Objective To investigate the effect ofnarrow-band ultraviolet-B(NB-UVB)(311 nm)on dendrite formation in B16 melanoma cells.Methods B16 melanoma cells were irradiated with various doses of NB-UVB(0,25,50,100,200,300 mJ/cm2).Atier additional culture of varying durations,irradiated cells were harvested and subjected to the observation of morphological changes and cell cytoskeleton F-actin microfilaments by phase contrast microscopy and laser scanning confocal microscopy(LSCM).respectively,and to the detection of cell proliferation bv MTT colorimetric assay.Pull down assay was performed to detect the activity of GTP-RhoAA and GTP-Rac1 in B16 cells before and after UVB irradiation.Results Twenty-four hours after irradiation with UVB of 100 mJ/cm2.an increase was observed in the cell body of B16 cells which appeared in sphericity,as well as in the number of dendrites(P＜0.01)which showed a branch-like appearance.compared with non-irradiated cells which had 2-3 dendrites and obscure branches.LSCM revealed that F-actin microfilaments in B16 cells were well organized with clear textures before irradiation;after irradiation wim NB-UVB of 100 mJ/cm2.stress fibers were disassembled and disrupted and the texture became unclear,which was observed as early as 30 minutes and became more and more evident,and at 6 hours the stress fibers displayed a clumping appearance with obscure textures.Following the irradiation with NB-UVB of 100 mJ/cm2,the expression level of GTP-Rac 1 protein increased at l 5 minutes,and.at 30minutes,reached 2 times of that observed in nonirradiated cells,then decreased a liale,but still remained elevated at 60 minutes and 120 minutes,compared to unirradiated cells;meanwhile.the level of GTP-RhoA dropped a little at 30 minutes,then gradually increased and,at 120 minutes.reached 1.6 times of that observed in unirradiated cells.Conclusion Narrow-band UVB(311 nm)can promote dendrite formation.likely via regulating the expression of GTP-Racl and GTP-RhoA in B16 melanoma cells.

Objective To build prenatal health education programs for primiparities and their spouses based on the concept of flipped classroom.Methods Expert questionnaires for prenatal health education programs for primiparities and their spouses based on the concept of flipped classroom were prepared by searching for original literatures from international and domestic databases. The Delphi method was used to investigate a total of 50 obstetrics experts from 18 ClassⅢ hospitals from Shandong province for two rounds. Results The concentration degree of these experts' opinions was high with an authority coefficient of 0.956 and a familiarity coefficient of 0.958, the determination coefficient was 0.954; the coordination coefficients for primary, secondary and tertiary indicators were 0.617, 0.423 and 0.391, respectively. The final health education program included 2 primary indicators, 11 secondary indicators and 55 tertiary indicators. Conclusions The experts' opinions on the prenatal education program for primiparities and their spouses are consistent. The program is highly scientific and reliable, which provides reference for prenatal health education for primiparities and their spouses based on flipped classroom.

Objective:To develop the Elderly Inpatient Falls Prevention Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Scale for Full-time Caregivers, so as to provide a measurement tool for investigating the current situation of knowledge, attitude, and practice of full-time caregivers in preventing falls in elderly inpatients.Methods:A test version of the scale was formed through literature review, expert consultation, and pre investigation. From January to April 2022, convenience sampling was used to select 312 full-time caregivers from 5 accompanying companies in 6 ClassⅢ Grade A hospitals in Qingdao as the research subject, to test the reliability and validity, and to revise the final scale. A total of 312 questionnaires were distributed, and 300 valid questionnaires were collected, with an effective response rate of 96.154% (300/312) .Results:The Elderly Inpatient Falls Prevention Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Scale for Full-time Caregivers had a total of 35 items, including 3 dimensions, including 11 items in the knowledge dimension, 10 items in the attitude dimension, and 14 items in the practice dimension. The total Cronbach's α coefficient of the scale was 0.926, with Cronbach's α coefficients of 0.914 to 0.944 for each dimension, 0.998 for test-retest reliability coefficient, and 0.681 for split half reliability coefficient of the scale. The content validity index of the scale level was 0.984, and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 59.688%.Conclusions:The reliability and validity of the Elderly Inpatient Falls Prevention Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Scale for Full-time Caregivers are good, and can be used as a tool to evaluate the full-time caregiver knowledge, attitude and practice for preventing falls in elderly inpatients.

ObjectiveTo explore the immediate and short-term effects of pressure biofeedback therapy combined with Flexi-bar exercise in the sitting position on chronic non-specific low back pain (CNSLBP). MethodsFrom June to September, 2022, 27 CNSLBP students in Xuzhou Medical University and other universities around were randomly divided into pressure biofeedback unit (PBU) group (n = 9), Flexi-bar group (n = 9) and combined group (n = 9). On the basis of routine rehabilitation guidance, the PBU group accepted pressure biofeedback therapy, the Flexi-bar group accepted active vibration therapy, and the combined group accepted pressure biofeedback therapy and active vibration therapy, for three weeks. They were measured core stability with Stabilizer, lumbar joint repositioning error (LJRE) with iHandy, and bilateral transverse abdominis thickness and multifidus muscle cross-sectional area with ultrasonography; and assessed with Visual Analogue Scale for pain (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) before and after treatment; and the core stability were measured immediately after the first treatment. ResultsThe indexes of core stability improved after the first treatment (|t| > 3.000, P < 0.05) in all groups, and improved the most in the combined group (F > 10.909, P < 0.001). All the indexes improved after three weeks of treatment (|t| > 2.604, P < 0.05), except for LJRE in PBU group; and they were the best in the combined group (|F| > 4.061, P < 0.05), except LJRE was not significantly different from the Flexi-bar group (P > 0.05). ConclusionPressure biofeedback therapy combined with Flexi-bar exercise in the sitting position can more effectively improve core stability and core muscles, proprioception, and pain for patients with CNSLBP.

Objective:To characterize the histopathological subtypes and their clinicopathological parameters of gender and onset age by common, rare and sparse primary esophageal malignant tumors (PEMT).Methods:A total of 272 437 patients with PEMT were enrolled in this study, and all of the patients were received radical surgery. The clinicopathological information of the patients was obtained from the database established by the State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment from September 1973 to December 2020, which included the clinical treatment, pathological diagnosis and follow-up information of esophagus and gastric cardia cancers. All patients were diagnosed and classified by the criteria of esophageal tumor histopathological diagnosis and classification (2019) of the World Health Organization (WHO). The esophageal tumors, which were not included in the WHO classification, were analyzed separately according to the postoperative pathological diagnosis. The χ 2 test was performed by the SPSS 25.0 software on count data, and the test standard α=0.05. Results:A total of 32 histopathological types were identified in the enrolled PEMT patients, of which 10 subtypes were not included in the WHO classification. According to the frequency, PEMT were divided into common (esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, ESCC, accounting for 97.1%), rare (esophageal adenocarcinoma, EAC, accounting for 2.3%) and sparse (mainly esophageal small cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma, etc., accounting for 0.6%). All the common, rare, and sparse types occurred predominantly in male patients, and the gender difference of rare type was most significant (EAC, male∶ female, 2.67∶1), followed with common type (ESCC, male∶ female, 1.78∶1) and sparse type (male∶ female, 1.71∶1). The common type (ESCC) mainly occurred in the middle thoracic segment (65.2%), while the rare type (EAC) mainly occurred in the lower thoracic segment (56.8%). Among the sparse type, malignant melanoma and malignant fibrous histiocytoma were both predominantly located in the lower thoracic segment (51.7%, 66.7%), and the others were mainly in the middle thoracic segment.Conclusion:ESCC is the most common type among the 32 histopathological types of PEMT, followed by EAC as the rare type, and esophageal small cell carcinoma and malignant melanoma as the major sparse type, and all of which are mainly occur in male patients. The common type of ESCC mainly occur in the middle thoracic segment, while the rare type of EAC mainly in the lower thoracic segment. The mainly sparse type of malignant melanoma and malignant fibrous histiocytoma predominately occur in the lower thoracic segment, and the remaining sparse types mainly occur in the middle thoracic segment.

Due to the complex anatomical structure of ankle and the various mechanisms of ankle injury, manyeponyms and systematic classifications of ankle fracture have been developed in the past centuries. Before the emergence and constant improvement of classifications of ankle fracture, ankle fractures were most commonly named afterthe physicians who first described them. Now,these ankle fracture eponyms are still found in medical literature, textbooks and even mass media. Many special named ankle fractures can be explained by the Lauge-Hansen classification now, and they may have little practical use. However, it is still necessary to summarize and review these ankle fracture eponyms, in order to correct the wrong usage of these and to remember the sages in this field.We reviewed both common and less frequently used ankle fracture eponyms, focusing on imaging features to identify and differentiate these injuries. We also briefly reviewed the mechanism of each injury, associated complications, its diagnosis and treatment.