Objective To analyze the spatial distribution patterns of rodent community and the risk factors of disease transmission in natural foci of Xiji County,Ningxia,in order to provide a scientific basis for disease control and prevention.Methods Rodents were captured at different habitats in different latitudes which were selected with a stratified sampling method in 2012-2013.Capture rate of different rodent species and spatial distribution patterns of the animal community were analyzed.Antigen and antibody of hantavirus were detected in lung tissue and blood of the rodents with immunofluorescence and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),respectively.Serum F1 antibody of Yersinia pestis (Y.pestis) was detected with indirect hemagglutination test and Y.pestis from liver and spleen tissue was cultured in vitro.Results Fourteen species of rodents were captured,belonging to 2 orders,7 families and 9 genera.Among them,ground squirrels and wood mouse were dominant species,accounted for 49.56％ (112/226) and 34.51％ (78/226) of the community,respectively.Infections of hantavirus and Y.pestis were not found in the rodent's community.Conclusion With the improvement of ecological environment in Xiji County,the spatial distribution patterns of rodent community is changing; the risk of zoonotic plague is reduced,but the risk of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome is being.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze external factors affecting auditory ability of infants and toddlers after cochlear implantation in the first year of switch-on. METHOD: Seventy-five infants and toddlers after cochlear implantation were selected as subjects, using LittlEARS Auditory Questionnaire to assess and analyze the correlations with auditory ability and external factors (including gender, cochlear implanted age, pre-implant hearing aid fitting, caregivers' education background, household income and rehabilitation modes) in different stages (before switch-on, and 3 months, 6 months, 9 months, 12 months after switch-on). RESULT: The mean scores of LittlEARS were significantly different in cochlear implanted age group, pre-implant hearing aid fitting group and rehabilitation modes group (P < 0.05), and there was no significant difference in other groups such as external factor gender, caregivers' education background and household income (P > 0.05). The correlations with the mean scores of LittlEARS and cochlear implantation age or pre-implant hearing aid fitting were significant at 3 months or 6 months after switch-on(/r/ ≥ 0. 3, P < 0.01). However, the correlation with the mean scores of LittlEARS and rehabilitation modes was significant at 12 months after switch-on(/r/ > ≥ 0.3, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Cochlear implanted age and pre-implant hearing aid fitting were the important factors affecting auditory ability of infants and toddlers after cochlear implantation in the first year of switch-on. The effect of rehabilitation modes on auditory ability of infants and toddlers after cochlear implantation was slow.
Age Factors ; Child, Preschool ; Cochlear Implantation ; Cochlear Implants ; Deafness ; rehabilitation ; Hearing ; Hearing Aids ; Humans ; Infant ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Human gait involves a complex mechanism of muscular skeletal coordinated operation,which is specific and can be used as the basis of identity recognitions and clinical disease diagnoses.Human gaits have wide application value in the field of disaster rescue,battlefield ambulance,counter-terrorism,security,and medical and healthcare.The traditional contact-free gait detection technology mainly depends on optical images or ultrasound,which is susceptible to light,low visibility,obstacles,etc.In recent years,with the rapidly development of bio-radar technology,the bio-radar based contact-free human gait signal detection technology has shown more advantages.It can not be affected by light,can penetrate clothing,camouflage or even walls,and can operate in all-weathe,including low visibility weather conditions such as smog,smoke and fog.In this paper,the technical principles and methods of bio-radar based contact-free human gait detection technologies were discussed,the research status was summarized,and the development trendency was prospected.

ABSTRACT:To improve the ability of correct classification and identification of rodents in different kinds of foci of zoonosis in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region in China ,rodents samples from different habitats of Ningxia were collected .Sequences of COI gene were amplified and sequenced from 154 samples .Based on these sequences ,the pairwise genetic distance were calcu‐lated ,and a Neighbor Joining tree were constructed .According to the NJ tree ,20 clusters with high bootstrap support were found from 19 morphological species .The striped dwarf hamsters were divided into two clusters ,which suggested that there were two cryptic species with stripe on the back .The pika from Helan Mountain showed close relationship with Ochotona pal‐lasi ,and the genetic distance was as low as 3 .6% .Results show that DNA barcodes could be used to accurately identify speci‐mens of rodents and correct morphological identification errors .It could discover appearance indistinguishable implied species and could better study the classification and evolution of rodents .

OBJECTIVEDehydroandrographolide (DP) from Andrographis paniculata (Burm. F.) Nees is a potential anticancer agent. This study aimed to investigate the oral bioavailability and intestinal disposition of DP to provide useful information for the development of DP as a new candidate anticancer drug.

METHODSThe pharmacokinetics of DP was evaluated in rats, and its intestinal disposition was determined using cultured Caco-2 cells and a single-pass rat intestinal perfusion model.

RESULTSThe oral bioavailability of DP was 11.92% in rats. The apparent permeability coefficient (P(app)) of DP from the basolateral side (B) to the apical side (A) (5.37×10(-5) cm/s) of the Caco-2 model was roughly equal to that from A to B (4.56×10(-5) cm/s), suggesting no involvement of the efflux transporter(s). In the perfusion model, no significant difference was found in the effective permeability (P*(eff)) of DP between the 4 segments of the intestine. No significant metabolism of DP was detected in the intestinal perfusates. The amount of DP found in the bile was only about 0.1% of the absorbed amount. The P*(eff) and bile amounts of DP were not significantly increased by P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibitor or breast cancer resistant protein (BCRP) inhibitor (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe bioavailability of DP was 11.92% in rats. DP has good absorption and metabolism stability in the intestine. The efflux transporters such as P-gp and BCRP do not participate in DP transport.

Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Biological Availability ; Biological Transport ; Caco-2 Cells ; Diterpenes ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Humans ; Intestinal Absorption ; Intestines ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To study the significance of leptin and its receptor(OB-R) in the occurrence and development of pulmonary arterial hypertension(PAH) induced by monocrotaline(MCT).Methods Fifteen SD rats were divided into the control group(n=5) and two experimental groups(n=10).The experimental groups were intraperitoneally injected by MCT for constructing the PAH model and the control group was injected by the same dose of solvent groups.The venous blood was extracted at 2,4 weeks after MCT injection in the two experimental groups.The mean pulmonary artery pressure(mPAP) and right ventricular hypertrophy index(RVHI) were measured and then the lung tissue was removed.The pathological change of lung blood vessels was observed.The expression of serum leptin was detected by ELISA.The expression of OB-R in lung tissue was tested by Western blot.Results Compared with the control group,mPAP and RVHI in the experimental groups were significantly increased(P＜0.05);the expression levels of serum leptin and lung tissue OB-R were increased significantly(P＜0.05),moreover,which were positively correlated with mPAP(r=0.912,P＜0.05;r=0.861,P＜0.05).Conclusion Leptin and OB-R may play an important role in the occurrence and development of PAH induced by MCT.

Objective:To investigate the correlation between plasma glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), total α-synuclein (α-syn), phosphorylated α-synuclein (p-α-syn) and the disease progression in patients with Parkinson disease(PD).Methods:Sixty-three patients with PD including the outpatients and inpatients from Department of Neurology of Huai'an First People's Hospital were continuously collected as a PD group, and 25 healthy people matched in age and sex were selected as a healthy control (HC) group at the same time. The plasma levels of GFAP, α-syn, and p-α-syn levels in the PD group and HC group were detected by ELISA. SPSS 25.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Mann-Whitney U test was performed to assess the differences of GFAP, α-syn and p-α-syn levels between the two groups, and the correlation between GFAP and α-syn and p-α-syn levels in PD group was examined by Spearman correlation analysis. The levels of GFAP, α-syn and p-α-syn in different Hoehn-Yahr(H-Y) stages of PD group were compared by Mann-Whitney U test and Spearman correlation analysis. Results:The levels of GFAP (0.80(0.62, 0.97)ng/mL, 0.54(0.27, 0.88)ng/mL, Z=-3.216, P=0.001), α-syn (3.93(3.16, 6.02)ng/mL, 2.67(1.74, 4.47)ng/mL, Z=-2.600, P=0.009), and p-α-syn (5.80(1.31, 15.62), 0.71(0.61, 0.83), Z=-6.607, P<0.001) in PD group were higher than those in HC group, and the difference was statistically significant. In PD group, there was a significant positive correlation between GFAP and α-syn ( r=0.442, P<0.001) and p-α-syn ( r=0.493, P<0.001). GFAP in the advanced PD group was higher than that in the early PD group, and the difference was statistically significant( P=0.039). There was no significant difference in α-syn and p-α-syn between different H-Y stages of PD patients( P>0.05). Plasma GFAP was positively correlated with H-Y stages ( r=0.277, P=0.018). Conclusion:The level of plasma GFAP in PD patients is positively correlated with disease progression, which can be used as a potential biomarker for PD disease assessment.