OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between the course of antibiotics during perioperative period and postoperative infection in pregnant women with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome(HIV/AIDS) undergoing cesarean section, and to guide the rational use of antibiotics in clinical practice. METHODS A total of 53 cesarean section women in the hospital from January 2014 to September 2022 were chosen as research objects. According to the course of antibiotics, the puerperae were divided into two groups. The treatment course of antibiotics in the study group(n=31) was >24 h and ≤48 h, and the control group(n=22) was ≤24 h. The postoperative wound healing, inflammatory indexes, postoperative infection rate, and postoperative hospital stay were observed. RESULTS There was no significant difference in postoperative body temperature, white blood cell count, neutrophil ratio, C-reactive protein, postoperative hospital stay, wound healing grade and postoperative infection rate between the study group and the control group. CONCLUSION Antibiotics for HIV/AIDS patients during perioperative period of cesarean section for <24 h may play a better role in preventing postoperative infection.

Prevalence of childhood obesity is progressively increasing, reaching worldwide levels of 5.6% in girls and of 7.8% in boys. This also leads to a corresponding increase in the prevalence of obesity-associated morbidities particularly those involving obstructive sleep apnea（OSA）. Obesity is an independent risk factor and regulator of OSA in children. There is a bidirectional causal relationship between OSA and obesity in children. The factors involved in the association between OSA and obesity are systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, and gut microbiota etc. However, a causal link between obesity-related inflammatory state and OSA pathogenesis still needs to be properly confirmed. The present review aimed to investigate the links between childhood obesity and OSA.
Male ; Female ; Humans ; Child ; Pediatric Obesity/epidemiology* ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/epidemiology* ; Risk Factors ; Inflammation

Objective:To study the effect of early hyperbaric oxygen combined with rehabilitation training on neurological rehabilitation and prognosis of patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage after borehole drainage.Methods:Eighty-five patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage admitted to Zhejiang Xin'an International Hospital from January 2018 to March 2020 were enrolled, and all of them were treated with minimally invasive drilling and drainage and they were divided into two groups by the order of admission. The control group (41 cases) received rehabilitation training after 48 h of stable vital signs. The research group(44 cases) was treated on the base of the control group combined with early hyperbaric oxygen therapy. The levels of neuron-specific enolase (NSE), S100β and scores of National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), Barthel index, cerebral blood flow, and Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) were observed in the two groups before and after treatment.Results:After treatment, the levels of NSE and S100β in the two groups were decreased and those in the research group were lower than those in the control group: (14.38 ± 1.47) μg/L vs. (18.04 ± 2.95) μg/L, (0.24 ± 0.03) μg/L vs. (0.32 ± 0.04) μg/L, the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). The scores of NIHSS in the two groups were decreased, while the scores of FMA and Barthel index were increased, while the scores of NIHSS in the research group was lower than that in the control group: (9.18 ± 1.02) scores vs. (11.85 ± 1.47) scores; the scores of FMA and Barthel index in the research group were higher than those in the control group: (68.38 ± 8.93) scores vs.(61.42 ± 8.01) scores, (63.25 ± 7.65) scores vs. (56.11 ± 6.04) scores, the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). The average cerebrovascular blood flow and flow rate of patients in both groups were higher than those before treatment, and the peripheral cerebrovascular resistance of patients in both groups was lower than that before treatment, while the average cerebrovascular blood flow and flow rate in the research group were higher than those in the control group: (17.85 ± 2.48) ml/s vs. (15.12 ± 2.01) ml/s, (20.61 ± 2.88) cm/s vs. (17.04 ± 2.47) cm/s; the peripheral cerebrovascular resistance in the research group were lower than that in the control group: (1 328.95 ± 114.29) kPa·s/m vs. (1 558.13 ± 157.21)kPa·s/m, the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). The good prognosis rate of research group was higher than that of control group: 84.09%(37/44) vs. 60.98%(25/41), the difference was statistically significant ( χ2 = 4.634, P<0.05). Conclusions:Early hyperbaric oxygen combined with rehabilitation training can promote the recovery of neurological function of patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage after borehole drainage, and can improve cerebral blood flow and prognosis.

Objective:To design a semi-spherical applicator for delivery of semi-spherical dose distributions and assess its dosemetric characteristics.Methods:The applicator was designed in the following way. First, the scattering angle and dose rate of the electron beam having passed through a series of scattering foils of different thicknesses were calculated to determine the thickness of the scattering foil. And then, a series of location model was designed, and the variances of the mean electron energy on the surface of these models were calculated to determine the foil location. Finally, the relationship between the geometric characteristics of the layer and the surface dose on the applicator was established to design the modulator. Monte Carlo (MC) codes EGSnrc/BEAMnrc and EGS4/DOSXYZ were employed to model the head of the Mobetron, the location model, the layer, the semi-spherical applicator, and to calculate the dose distributions.Results:A semi-spherical applicator was designed for electron beam of energy 12 MeV, which consisted of a 2.5 cm diametre cylindrical collimator with 0.5 cm thick wall made of 0.3 cm thick steel and 0.2 cm thick water equivalent material (WEM), a 0.14 cm-thick foil made of tansgen, and a 2.5 cm diametre hollow semi-sphere containing a crescent modulator made of WEM. The dose rate was about 160 cGy/min, and the depth of the 50% isodose curve was 0.85 cm.Conclutions:We designed and performed a MC simulation of a semi-spherical applicator to deliver a semi-spherical dose distribution from a high energy electron beam.

Objective: To explore the effect of 3D-slicer assisted soft channel drainage on the surgical outcome and prognosis of patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage (HICH). Methods: Seventy-six HICH patients treated in Zhejiang Xin'an International Hospital from January 2016 to December 2018 were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group, with 38 cases in each group. Both groups of patients underwent percutaneous cone cranial soft channel drainage.The control group patients used CT hematoma localization, and the observation group patients used 3D-slicer software hematoma localization. The perioperative related data, surgical results, complications and prognosis of patients in the two groups were observed and compared. Results: The operation time and hospitalization time of patients in observation group were (76.24 ± 11.24) min and (15.21 ± 4.01) d, significantly shorter than those in control group [(103.17 ± 17.43) min and (18.63 ± 4.75) d], and there were significant differences (P < 0.05). The blood loss during operation and hematoma residual amount 7 d after operation in observation group were (77.21 ± 11.35) ml and (4.24 ± 0.87) ml, significantly lower than those in control group [(115.35 ± 21.22) ml and (18.63 ± 4.75) ml], and there were significant differences (P < 0.05). The hematoma clearance of patients 1 d and 3 d after operation in observation group were (83.24 ± 11.21) ml and (92.24 ± 15.63) ml, significantly higher than those in control group [(69.67 ± 10.73) ml and (85.57 ± 13.11) ml], and there were significant differences (P < 0.05). The incidence rates of intracranial rebleeding, intracranial infection and pulmonary infection in observation group were significantly lower than those in control group [2.63%(1/38) vs. 21.05%(8/38), 0 vs. 15.79% (6/38), 2.63%(1/38) vs. 21.05%(8/38)](P < 0.05). After treatment for 3 months, the good prognosis rate in observation group was significantly higher than that in control group [86.84%(33/38) vs. 65.79% (25/38)] (P < 0.05). Conclusions 3D-slicer software based on percutaneous soft-channel puncture and drainage for HICH patients can achieve better surgical results, reduce the incidence of complications and improve the prognosis of patients.

Objective: To explore the effects of minimally invasive intracranial hematoma removal in the treatment of cerebral hemorrhage, and its influence on neurological functional recovery, serum levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8(IL-8), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Methods: From January 2016 to December 2017, 100 patients with cerebral hemorrhage admitted to Zhejiang Xin'an International Hospital were selected and randomly divided into two groups according to the digital table, with 50 cases in each group.The control group was given routine symptomatic treatment, the observation group received minimally invasive intracranial hematoma removal combined with conventional treatment.The curative effect, restoration of nerve function, the levels of hs-CRP, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF- were observed in the two groups. Results: After treatment, the blood loss and edema volume around the hematoma in the two groups were declined significantly (t=5.74, 9.32, 7.41, 9.32, all P<0.05), and the improvements of the observation group was better than those of the control group (t=8.29, 5.28, all P<0.05). The excellent and good rate of the observation group was 90%(45/50), which was significantly higher than 72%(36/50) of the control group (χ²=3.62, P<0.05). After treatment, the NDS scores of the two group were significantly lower than those before treatment (t=4.64, 5.75, all P<0.05), the GCS scores of the two groups were significantly improved (t=5.41, 7.86, all P<0.05). The NDS score of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group (t=5.31, P<0.05), the GCS score of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group(t=3.84, P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of inflammatory factors in the two groups were significantly reduced compared with those before treatment (t=3.27, 3.75, 3.38, 3.61, 5.74, 4.39, 6.52, 8.26, all P<0.05), the levels of inflammatory factors in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (t=4.37, 3.92, 8.52, 4.28, all P<0.05). Conclusion Minimally invasive removal of intracranial hematoma combined with conventional treatment in the treatment of patients with cerebral hemorrhage can obtain satisfactory clinical effect, can promote neural functional recovery, improve inflammatory factor levels (hs-CRP, IL-6, IL-8, TNF alpha), it is worthy of application.

BACKGROUND: Bronchial tuberculosis is a common complication of pulmonary tuberculosis. The present report is to investigate and analyze the indication and efficacy of surgical treatment of bronchial stricture due to severe endobronchial tuberculosis, when the drug and endoscopic treatment were no effect. METHODS: Reviewed the clinical-pathological records documenting the surgical outcomes in 36 bronchial stricture due to severe endobronchial tuberculosis who underwent lobectomy or pneumonectomy enrolled in our hospital between January 2000 and February 2016. Pneumonectomy in 8 cases, lobectomy in 23 cases, sleeve resection in 5 cases. RESULTS: No intraoperative or early postoperative death occurred. Six patients developed complications. All 6 cases recovered well after treatment. CONCLUSIONS Surgical treatment is still the recommended treatment modatity for bronchial stricture caused by endobronchial tuberculosis due to its good results. It should be performed in time when the drug and intraluninal treatment were no effect for avoiding of being progeressed.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Bronchi ; surgery ; Bronchoscopy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumonectomy ; Retrospective Studies ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary ; surgery ; Young Adult

Objective: To evaluate analytical performance and clinical application value of a one-step HBV DNA quantitative detecting system. Methods: Analytical performance of the one-step HBV DNA quantitative detecting reagents included precision, residual contamination, accuracy, functional sensitivity and analytical measurement range were verified by collecting high concentration samples and external quality control samples from Jiangsu provincial clinical test center. Results: The within-run coefficient of variation (CV) of both low and high concentration samples were below 5%, meanwhile the intra-assay CV was below 3/5 TEa and inter-assay CV was below 4/5 TEa. There was no residual contamination and the analytic accuracy met the requirement of external quality assessment (EQA). Functional sensitivity was able to attain 100 IU/ml, while the day to day CV was below 20%. It exhibited a benign linear relation from 7.58×10¹ to 7.58×10⁸ IU/ml. Conclusions The analytic performance of a new testing system must be evaluated particularly before detecting samples of patients by quantitative tests. This study proves that the one-step HBV DNA quantitative detecting reagents can meet requirement of hepatitis B screening and clinical therapy monitoring, which is economic and simple for clinical routine tests.

Objective To investigate the correlation between auditory steady-state response (ASSR)and behavioral audiometry threshold in deaf children.Methods A total of 63 cases (126 ears)of severely and profoundly hearing impaired children from 0.5 years to 6 years were divided to Group A of 0.5~1.0 years,Group B of 1.1~3.0 years and Group C of 3.1~6.0 years old.ASSR and behavioral hearing tests were conducted in the sound field. 0.5~1.0 years old children were tested with the behavior observation Audiometry (BOA),1~2 years old children with visual reinforcement audiometry (VRA),while those of 3 ~6 with play audiometry (PA).Results For the ASSR response thresholds and pure tone hearing thresholds at 0.5,1,2 and 4 kHz,the correlation coefficients were 0.75,0.76,0.76,and 0.83,respectively.There was a significant correlation (P <0.01 ).The hearing thresholds were generally lower than the ASSR response thresholds,and with increasing frequency,the gaps were narrowed between the two.For Group A at each frequency the response thresholds and behavioral audiometry correlations were lower than those of Group B and C with the lowest at 0.5 kHz.Conclusion For the children of 0.5~6 years, ASSR and behavioral audiometric thresholds have good correlations.ASSR can provide information about the behav-ior thresholds for young children and those high risk children and for fitting hearing aids.

Objective To explore the perioperative management of bilateral bronchial foreign bodies in infants to improve the cure rate in the children.Methods The medical charts of 45 infants with bilateral bronchial foreign bodies were reviewed.Clinical features and key points to surgery as well as post-operative care were analyzed.Results All foreign bodies were removed with rigid bronchoscopy under general anesthesia,and 44 of 45 infants were cured with assistance of anti-infective treatments within 3-5 days and one with acute laryngitis and bronchitis was cured through 10-day anti-infective treatment with vancomycin.Conclusion Removal of foreign body by rigid bronchoscopy under general anesthesia is a preferred method to treat bilateral bronchial foreign bodies in infants,to whom early diagnosis,early treatment and postoperative careful care are keys to get a good outcome.