Objective To investigate the effect of salvianolate on chronic heart failure in patients with cardiac function and plasma brain natriuretic peptide effect.Methods Sixty-eight cases with chronic heart failure patients were randomly divided into treatment group and control group (34 cases for each group).Patients in control group were given the conventional treatment,in treatment groups were given conventional treatment plan plus salvianolic acid at dose of 0.2 g added 5％ glucose injection 250 ml (or 0.9％ sodium chloride injection 250 ml),1 times a day for 12 weeks.The cardiac function was recorded and brain natriuretic peptide level was measured before and after treatment.Results After 12 weeks of treatment,the total efficiency in treatment group was 91.2％ (31/34)) higher than that in control group(70.6％ (24/34)),and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =9.399,P ＜ 0.01).Before treatment,the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF),stroke volume(SV),cardiac output(CO) in treatment group were (38 ±6)％,(44.64 ± 11.03) ml,(4.81 ± 1.03) L/min respectively,differed from that after treatment ((51 ± 8) ％,(63.21 ± 11.94) ml,(5.67 ± 1.17) L/min),and there were significant differences between before and after treatment (t =-7.580,-8.975,-3.233 respectively; P ＜ 0.01).The levels of systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,heart rate,left ventricular end-diastolic internal diameter (Dd),the left ventricular diastolic wall thickness (PWT),diastolic interventricular septal thickness (IVST),left ventricular mass (LVMW),brain natriuretic peptide in treatment group before treatment were (131 ± 11) mmHg,(85 ± 7) mmHg,(116 ± 9) times/min,(55.1 ± 7.9) mm,(11.8 ± 2.4) mm,(11.4 ± 2.3) mm,(231 ± 112) g,(572.9 ± 183.6) ng/L respectively,significant differed from those of after treatment((104 ± 7) nmHg,(76 ± 8) mmHg,(75 ± 7) times/min,(48.8 ± 3.9) mm,(9.2±1.3) mm,(8.9± 1.1) mm) (172 ±57) g,(101.8 ± 18.5) ng/L respectively),and the differences were significant (t =12.075,4.937,20.961,4.169,5.556,5.721,2.738,14.886 ; P ＜ 0.01).The levels of LVEF,SV in control group before treatment were (37 ±7)％ and (44.87 ± 10.82) ml,differed from those of after treatment((42 ± 9)％ and (56.70 ± 10.60) ml;t =-2.556,-4.554;P ＜ 0.01).The systolic blood pressure,heart rate,Dd,IVST,plasma brain natriuretic peptide in control group before treatment were (130 ±12) mmHg,(114 ± 10) times/min,(54.8 ± 8.7) rmm,(11.3 ± 2.6) mm,(574.1 ± 181.4) ng/L respectively,significantly differed from those of after treatment ((115 ± 9) mmHg,(76 ± 8) times/min,(50.6 ±8.3) mm)(9.9±1.3) mm,(215.7 ±23.2) ng/L;t=5.830,17.304,2.037,2.806,11.427;P＜0.01 or P ＜ 0.05).The levels of systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,LVEF,SV,CO,PWT,IVST,plasma brain natriuretic peptide in treatment group were better than that in control group (t =-4.601,-3.093,4.358,3.253,2.802,-3.066,-3.425,-27.985,P＜0.01).Conclusion Salvianolate is proved to be better drug on treating chronic heart failure curative with left ventricular reverse effect and less adverse reaction.

OBJECTIVE: To study the location of facial nerve and prevent facial nerve injury in middle ear surgery according to dissection of temporal bone and experience of middle ear surgery. METHOD: Thirty sides of temporal bones were exposed tympanic and mastoid segment of facial nerve with facial nerve decompression. The course of facial nerve was located by the markers of middle ear. RESULT: Tympanic segment of facial nerve passed between horizontal semicircular canal and stapes,then superior and anterior to the cochleariform process. Mastoid segment of facial nerve located in posterior wall of tympanic cavity. The mastoid segment of facial nerve travelled below the level of horizontal semicircular canal and annulus membrane tympani, and the extension line of its posterior margin and posterior-one-third of horizontal semicircular canal intersected to form an included angle (117.04 +/- 2.42) degrees. External genu of facial nerve located anterior and inferior to the horizontal semicircular canal. The shortest distance was (1.97 +/- 0.53) mm between middle point of horizontal semicircular canal and facial nerve, (1.03 +/- 0.29) mm between incus short process and facial nerve, (0.93 +/- 0.25) mm between cochleariform process and facial nerve, (1.18 +/- 0.42) mm between head of stapes and facial nerve, (3.08 +/- 0.28) mm between tympani sulcus and facial nerve at the vestibule window level, and (2.13 +/- 0.34) mm between tympani sulcus and facial nerve at round window level, respectively. CONCLUSION Horizontal semicircular canal carina, incus short process, stapes, annulus membrane tympani and cochleariform process are ideal landmarks of tympanic and mastoid segment of facial nerve, which are helpful in middle ear surgery.
Ear, Middle ; surgery ; Facial Nerve ; surgery ; Facial Paralysis ; prevention & control ; Female ; Humans ; Intraoperative Complications ; prevention & control ; Male ; Mastoid ; anatomy & histology ; surgery ; Microsurgery ; methods

BACKGROUND:Peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor gamma co-activator 1α(PGC-1α)is closely related to aging and plays an important regulatory role in exercise anti-aging.However,there is a lack of comprehensive reviews on the role of PGC-1α in exercise anti-aging from the perspective of different tissues and organs. OBJECTIVE:To provide a detailed overview of the role of PGC-1α in exercise anti-aging and discuss its regulation from the perspective of different tissues and organs. METHODS:A literature search was conducted from May 1,2023 to July 1,2023.The search covered self-built databases up to July 2023,as well as databases such as Web of Science,PubMed,China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),WanFang,and VIP.The Chinese search terms included"PGC-1α,peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor gamma co-activator 1α,PPARGC1A,aging,exercise,older adults".The English search terms were"PGC-1α,aging,exercise,exercise training,older adults".Boolean logical operators were used to connect the search terms,and corresponding search strategies were developed.Based on inclusion and exclusion criteria,83 articles were included in the review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)PGC-1α is an important transcriptional coactivator that plays a key regulatory role in maintaining mitochondrial function,regulating energy metabolism,and adapting to different metabolic demands.(2)PGC-1α has a significant regulatory role in mitochondrial aging and various functions in multiple cell types,and is associated with inflammatory pathways,redox control,protein modifications,and epigenetic changes.(3)The expression level of PGC-1α can be increased by exercise training,and it exerts positive effects through regulating mitochondrial biogenesis,energy metabolism,and anti-oxidative stress pathways.It plays an important role in exercise-induced improvement of adipose tissue aging,cardiovascular aging,neurosystem aging,renal aging,skeletal muscle aging,and liver aging.(4)The expert group recommends future research directions including exploring the regulatory effects of different types,intensities,and durations of exercise on PGC-1α expression,studying the regulatory mechanisms of protein modifications and epigenetic changes in PGC-1α, and strengthening the research on the mechanisms of PGC-1α in different aging-related diseases.