For the purpose of studying the diagnostic significance of the traumatic perforation of the tympanic membrane by the otologic endoscopy and video tape recording, one hundred and fourteen patients 117 ears, with ear drum injury caused by the head and facial trauma were examined and analyzed by using the Hopkin modle mult angle otologic endoscopy and the video tape recorder. The results showed that the traumatic perforation of te tympanic membrane were found in all four quadrants of the membrane,61 91% of the perforation located in the anteriorinferior quadrant,of the tense part of the membrane. The shapes of the perforation were spindle,triangular,slit, irregular and lune. The nontraumatic perforation of the tympanic membrane often located in the center or the margin of the membrane and were round or oval in shape. The otologic endoscopy and video tape recording can display the morphologic features of the traumatic and nontraumatic perforations of the tympanic membrane objectively and provide reliable diagnostic and investitgative method for the forensic practice.

OBJECTIVE: To study the quality standard of Radix Hedysari from Gansu province. METHODS: Radix Hedysari was analyzed in respects of its origin, property, microscopic characteristics, physicochemical property, TLC identification, moisture, determination of ash and determination of ethanol-soluble extractives etc. RESULTS: The results showed that the Radix Hedysari from Guansu was of high quality and in which, few counterfeit products was noted. CONCLUSION: In this study, a systematic evaluation for the Radix Hedysari from Gansu province was achieved, and it provides a scientific evidence for the quality control Radix Hedysari from Gansu province and guarantee of its genuine property.

Objective To explore the effects of angelica naphtha on the withdrawal signs and norepinephrine neurotransmitter in uorphine-dependent rats.Methods 72 SD rats were randomly divided into control group,model group,clonidine group and three angelica naphtha groups (80,40 and 20 mg/kg).Rats were received gradualy increasing doses of morphine to produce physical dependence.Withdrawal symptoms were evaluated by Ryuta Tomoji score.The level of norepinephrine and normetanephrine(NMN) were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results The scores of withdrawal signs were (4.00± 3.29),(30.13±4.41),(18.96± 4.43),26.04±4.13),(22.33±4.60) and (19.00±3.47),respectively.The morphine withdrawal signs were reduced by angelica naphtha in a dose-dependent manner(P＜0.01),also significantly reduced the level of NE and NMN and the ratio of NMN/NE in the nucleus ceruleus and prefrontal cortex(all P＜0.01).Conclusion Angelica naphtha alleviates the withdrawal synlptons in morphine-dependent rats,which may be related to the inhibition of excessive turnover of norepinephrine neurotransmitters in the nucleus ceruleus and prefrontal cortex.

Aim Enteric microspheres were prepared to prevent the interaction of drug with gastric acid and to improve its bioavailability. Methods The enteric microspheres with a matrix structure were successfully produced using a spherical crystallization technique. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate ( HP-55 ), an enteric material, was coprecipitated with the drug by salting-out effect during the preparation process. A mixture of water and ethanol was chosen as a good solvent and dichloromethane was used as a the first time to prepare microspheres by making the water-soluble drug and water-insoluble excipient coprecipitated. In vivo test demonstrated that the drug absorption from the enteric oleanolic acid dihemiphthalate sodium (OADHPS) microspheres was significantly prolonged compared to that with OADHPS powder after a lag-time. Furthermore, the drug bioavailability was 181.6% greater than that with the OADHPS powder. Conclusion The microspheres of water soluble drug could be prepared by using water phase replacing organic phase as poor solvent which decrease the quantity of organic solvent and benefit the environment prevention.

Objective To investigate risk factors of corrected QT (QTc) interval prolongation in schizophrenia pa-tients treated with clozapine. Methods Two hundred and ten schizophrenia patients treated with clozapine were included in the study. Measurement of myocardial enzymes and electrocardiography were performed to determine QTc interval. QTc interval was calculated according to Bazett’s formula. Results QTc prolongation prevalence rate was 15.24%, The QTc prolongation prevalence rate was higher in female than in male (29.23%vs. 8.98%, P<0.001). The mean QTc inter-val was longer in female than in male [(427.30 ± 24.33)ms vs. (410.39 ± 25.80)ms, P<0.001]. The QTc interval showed weak positive correlation with age (r=0.203, P=0.003) and heart rate (r=0.326, P<0.001). There was no correlation be-tween QTc interval and clozapine dosage or therapy course (P>0.05). Multi-factors linear regression analysis showed that heart rate was related with QTc interval (β=0.719, standardizedβ=0.691, P=0.027). Conclusions QTc interval prolonga-tion prevalence rate is high in patients treated with clozapine. And increased heart rate might be risk factor of QTc inter-val prolongation.

Objective:To determine the effects of ginsenoside Rg1 on the expression levels of bone gla protein(BGP) and cytokine interleukin-6(IL-6) in the periodontium of experimental periodontitis rats.Methods:One hundred 160-200 g Wistar rats were randomly divied into ten groups.Group A used as control were killed at the beginning of the experiment.Group B-J were experimental periodontitis models.Group B-E received the therapy of ginsenoside Rg1 were killed at 1st,2nd,3rd and 4th weeks.Group F-J received no treatment as periodontitis control were killed at 0,1st,2nd,3rd and 4th weeks.The expression levels of BGP and IL-6 in the periodontium were measured by immunohistochemistry.Results:The expression levels of BGP in the group F were significantly lower than that in the group A,the expression levels of IL-6 in the group F were much higher than that in the group A(P

ObjectiveTo explore the death causes and its related factors among psychotic inpatients.MethodsThe medical records of dead psychotic inpatients over recent ten years were investigated with self-designed scheme.ResultsAmong all the investigated cases, the percentage of schizophrenia was more than 50%, the death diagnosis due to somatopathy was over 80%, and more than 50% inpatients suffered from 2～3 kinds of somatopathy. Marital status, diagnosis, smoking and drinking had influenced to the live time of psychotic inpatients.ConclusionThe death of psychotic inpatients might be influenced by multiple causes, including social factors and clinical features which should be paid much attention to extend their live time.

Objectives:To explore the prevalence and correlates of attempted suicide among Beijing psycho-logical aids hotline callers,in order to provide knowledge of hotline-based suicide prevention.Methods:From De-cember 2002 to December 2008,all the effective callers who consulted themselves'psychological problem,by Bei-jing psychological aids hotline were interviewed by professional hotline operators during the consulting calling.Data of whether callers attempted suicidal behavior in 2 weeks prior to the calling,gender and other 5 demographic char-acteristics of callers were collected via hotline interview.A questionnaire including depression screening scale,com-mon psychiatric symptoms such as delusion,hallucination,etc.,a history of substance abuse or dependence,a histo-ry of suicidal behavior,having had acute or chronic life events,and severity of hopeless was used during hotline in-terview.Logistic regression model was used.Results:In 22 415 interviewed callers,362 (1.6%)callers (233 fe-males)reported that they attempted suicidal behavior in 2 weeks prior to the calling.After adjusted for demographic characteristics,prior suicidal behavior 2 weeks before calling (OR=4.43,95%CI:3.37-5.83),hopelessness (OR=2.01,95%CI:1.52-2.67),substance abuse (OR=1.97,95%CI:1.48 -2.62),acute negative life events (OR=1.94,95%CI:1.49-2.52),and severe depressive symptoms (OR=1.45,95%CI:1.08-1.95)were associatedwith attempted suicide among hotline callers.Conclusion:The rates of attempted suicide among hotline callers are probably high.Suicide prevention in hotline would shed light on improving coping skills for life events and sub-stance abuse problems for hotline callers.

Objective To prepare Gegen Qinlian Pellets with higher yield of drug loading and being good for industrial production.Methods The Gegen Qinlian Pellets were prepared by extrusion-spheronization.The effects of four key parameters on spheronization process were the proportion of bond,extrusion speed,spheronisation speed,and spheronisation time,which were investigated to obtain optimal formulation.Results Gegen Qinlian Pellets presented perfect sphericity and narrow diameter distribution.Drug loading in the pellets could be up to 70% and yelid over 90%.Conclusion The Gegen Qinlian Pellets are successfully prepared by extrusion-spheronization.It presents a method for industria-lized production of Chinese materia medica.

Objective To obtain the same release rate of four index components with significant difference of physicochemical characters,puerarin,baicalin berberine and glycyrrhizin in Gegen Qinlian Pellets.Methods Studies on improving the release rate of less soluble components in Gegen Qinlian Pellets were carried out and the parameters were optimized.The release profiles were analyzed by simulating factor(f_2).Results The f_2 values for baicalin,berberine and glycyrrhizin vs puerarin were 52.27,56.13,and 75.1,respectively.Conclusion The result shows that the same release rate of four index components in Gegen Qinlian Pellets is obtained.