Objective To investigate the protective effect of extracellular ATP on motoneurons of spinal anterior horn from spinal root avulsion induced cell injurey. Methods Thirty-six Wister rats were randomized into 2 groups: single root avulsion and root avulsion with ATP. The left C5-C8 nerve roots were avulsed, the experiment group was gioven extracellular ATP (2 mg/kg) 0.4 ml by intraperitoneal injection and control group physiological saline water was gioven 0.4ml as the same method, all one time daily, contin-ue injection ATP or saline water 2 weeks. At 2,4 and 6 week postoperatively, C5-C8 spinal cord was har-vested after the rats were executed. The change of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and neurofilament protein (NF-200) were observed after histochemistrical examination. Results At 2、4 and 6 week postoperatively, the survival of motorneurons in the spinal anterior was 80.48%, 73.55% and 53.43% in experiment group, was 68.90%、63.58% and 37.72% in control group;compare experiment group with control group, the le-don-induced motomeurons death in the spinal anterior bern was decreased by 11.58%、9.78% and 15.71% respectively (P < 0.01) ; the activity changes of NOS expression rate was 17.85% ,40.20% and 18.03% in experiment group, was 25.53%,53.88% and 25.58% in control group, compare experiment group with con-trol group, the activity changes of NOS expression rate was decreased by 7.68% (P < 0.01), 13.68% and 7.55% (P < 0.05) respectively. The motoneurons expressed NF-200 in the experiment group was larger than the control group, there was significant difference was found between the control group and the experiment group. Conclusion ATP might play certain protective role in survival of motoneurous after spinal root avulsion.

Objective To analyze the characteristics of laboratory test resuits of dengue fever(DF)patients in Guangzhou area.Methods Routine tests were performed in the patients admission to hospital. Serology examination was performed in the patients in acute phase or recovery phase.The clinieal symptoms and teatures were analyzed and positive numbers and positivity ratios were calculated.Results The clinical symptoms of the dengue fever were typieal,with the features of fever,headache,myalgia and rash.The leukopenia rate was 76.0%,and the thromboeytopenia rate was 62.6%.The levels of ALT increased in 56.7%patients,and the levels of AST increased in 84.0%patients.Hypopotassemia was found in 46.1%patients.Dengue virus antibody IgM(DF-IgM)was detected positive from the first day to the 16th day of the onset,and the positive rate was 85.9% on the 8th day.Virus loads were positive by fluorescence real-time PCR in seven acute serum samples(within 3 days of the onset)of 51 cases whose DE-IgM were negative all the time, and the results was 105 -106 copies/ml(＜103 copies/ml means negative).Conclusions Clinical manifestations of this DF epidemic were typical including fever,headache,myalgia and skin rash.Most of the patients had decreased leukocyte and thrombocyte obviously.Liver damage was common but kidney damage was seldom.Halt of the patients got hypopotassemia.DF-IgM appeared in very early and persisted for a long time.The detection of DF-IgM within 7 days of the onset was helpful for diagnosis as early as possible.Viral load detected by real-time PCR could be another indicator of early pathogen diagnosis which provides complementation for antibody detection.

Objective To detect dengue virus infection by serological method and to determine the sequences of E gene of dengue virus isolated from Guangzhou in 2006.so as to clarify the possible origin of dengue fever.Methods IgM and IgG antibodies to dengue virus were detected by immunochromatographic test(ICT);NSI antigen and IgM antibody were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The virus was cultured and isolated from the serum samples within 2 days using C6/36 cell lines and was identified by immuno-fluorescence assay(IFA)and RT-PCR.The E gene of isolated virus DV1-GZ42/06 was sequenced;homological analysis and phylogenetic tree analysis were performed by comparing with the reference strains and epidemic virus strains.Results The positive rates of IgM and IgG of dengue virus in patients were 89.5%(433/484)and 38.0%(184/484)by ICT,respectively.The positive rates of NS1 antigen were 92.7%(38/41)in day 1 to day 2,83.3%(70/84)in day 3 to day 5,and 10.9%(5/46)in day 6 to day 10;and the IgM detection rates were 2.4%(1/41),51.2%(43/84)and 97.8%(45/46)at the same period by ELISA.Twenty-five strains of dengue virus were isolated from 41 serum samples(6 1.O%)and were identified as type 1 dengue virus by IFA and RT-PCR.The sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the E gene showed that the homology between the isolated Guangzhou/42/06 strain and standard strain Hawaii/45 was 94.6%.and it had a high homology with the Thailand/NI09V104,Vietnam/06.and Vietnam/07 isolates(99.0%,98.6%and 98.6%,respectively)and belonged to the same cladogram,but had low homology with the isolated strain from Guangdong before 2006.Conclusions The detection of NS1 antigen is important in the early diagnosis of dengue fever.The outbreak of dengue fever in Guangzhou in 2006 was possibly caused by the cases from neighboring countries.

Objective:To predict the microRNAs(miRNAs) related to cardiovascular diseases.Methods: Bioinformatics was used to find all cardiovascular disease related and cardiovascular function related protein-coding genes,and miRNAs were identified that localized the same transcription units as the above genes.Then other cardiovascular disease related miRNAs were identified by an miRNAs set and family analysis and Gene Ontology(GO).Results: Twenty potential cardiovascular disease related miRNAs were predicted from 626 cardiovascular disease related miRNAs,five of which had been confirmed by experiments.Conclusion: This study is of great help for the diagnosis and research of cardiovascular diseases,but the final conclusions need to be confirmed by experiments.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative disease. Its most significant pathological change is destruction of articular cartilage and the main clinical symptoms are pain and dysfunction of joints. Recent studies have shown that the expression of non-coding RNA (ncRNA) in chondrocytes can abnormally up-regulate or down-regulate and alter the activities of chondrocytes like their proliferation, migration and apoptosis, thus leading to the occurrence and development of osteoarthritis. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles with a diameter of 40-100 nm, which are secreted in intercellular fluid, act as medium of intercellular communication. They protect ncRNA, protein, lipid and other bioactive materials from enzymatic degradation by encapsulating them and transferring to sibling chondrocytes, due to their good tissue permeability. They can also improve communication between cells and regulate the activities of chondrocytes. Thus, exosomes behave like gene carriers. The ncRNA carried by exosomes can supplement or adsorb the abnormal ncRNA in chondrocytes, so as to regulate the activity of chondrocytes, and is therefore considered as a possible candidate with capabilities to repair cartilages. In this study we reviewed existing literatures related to the roles and effects of exosome miRNA, lncRNA and circRNA on osteoarthritis. We also reviewed the pathogenesis of exosome ncRNA in osteoarthritis.

Dengue is the most prevalent and rapidly spreading mosquito-borne viral disease.As a dengue non-endemic country,China has experienced several dengue outbreaks in recent years.However,dengue patients in China displayed distinct clinical characteristics compared to patients in endemic countries.To standardize the diagnosis and treatment of dengue fever,the experts of the Society of Infectious Diseases,Society of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology of Chinese Medical Association,and the Society of Emergency Medicine,China Association of Chinese Medicine have reached this guideline based on guidelines for diagnosis,treatment,prevention and control of dengue (World Health Organization,2009);guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of dengue (National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China,2014,Edition 2),health industry standard of the People's Republic of China "diagnosis for dengue fever (WS216-2018)" and systemic reports on dengue.The guideline includes 8 aspects:introduction,terminology,epidemiology and prevention,etiology and pathogenesis,clinical features,diagnosis,treatment and problems to be solved.

Objective:To investigate the serotype distribution and phylogenetic analysis of virus complete genome from indigenous dengue patients in Guangzhou in 2019 and provide evidence for the development of prevention and treatment strategies.Methods:Dengue virus serotypes of indigenous dengue cases in 2019 were detected using serotype specific fluorescent PCR kits. Complete genome in the culture was performed on Illumina platform. Phylogenetic analysis was conducted on complete genomes extracted from ViPR and the isolates from this study with MEGA7.0 software.Results:In 2019, three prevalent serotypes of dengue virus were found in Guangzhou, among which serotype 1 accounted for 80.35%, serotype 2 accounted for 12.97% and serotype 3 accounted for 6.68%. There were no significant differences in gender, age and severity among three serotypes. Phylogenetic analysis of virus complete genome showed that serotype 1 belonged to genotypeⅠand had two origins, which was close to the Cambodian strain; serotype 2 belonged to genotype cosmopolitan, which was close to the epidemic strain in Southeast Asia; serotype 3 belonged to genotypeⅢ, which was in the same branch as the Indian strain.Conclusions:The dengue epidemic was caused by dengue virus serotypes 1, 2 and 3 in Guangzhou in 2019. Each serotype belonged to a genotype.