The infection of Clonorchis sinensis in two rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta, RH30 and RH48) was established by orally giving the metacercariae of the parasite (from Pseudorasbora parva from Sichuan) . Another monkey (RH405) served as control. The two monkeys, RH30 and RH48, were killed 30 and 48 days after infection respectively. The recovery rate of the parasite was 9.9% in RH30 and 31.59% in RH48. The worms recovered were the mature form, and mature eggs were found in the feces of the 2 monkeys 27-30 days after infecation.The pathological findings of clonorchiasis in the early stage in rhesus monkeys were eosinophilia (30 days after infection) , intralesional plasma cell infiltration (48 days after infection) , and adenomatous hyperplasia of the biliary epithelium in associatoin with an increase of acid mucin production. The significance of the last manifestation in relation to the stone formation was discussed.

Urea soluble antigens of Trichinella spiralis infective larva were prepared and the efficiency of the antigens in diagnosis of trichinosis by ELISA are studied. Specific IgG antibodies are detected by ELISA using urea soluble antigens in 91.67%(22/24) of 24 sera and 91.67% (ll/12)of 12 blood spots of filter paper of patients of trichinosis. Specific IgM antibodies are seen in 95.24% (20/21) of 21 sera of patients using the antigens. Sera of patients infected with Schistosoma japonicum have some cross reactions on the antigens. Sera from mice infected with - Schistosoma japonicum, Ancyclostoma caninum larva, and Plasmodium yoelii are negative. The urea soluble antigen has a relatively high sensitivity, specificity and good reproducibility in diagnosis of trichinoisis by ELISA, and has a practical and economic value.

BACKGROUND:Bone marrow mesenchyme stem cells are important non-hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow, which can stimulate angiogenesis. While, Slit can also stimulate angiogenesis, as many studies have proved. OBJECTIVE:To review the biological functions, clinical application and effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and Slit2 on promoting angiogenesis. METHODS:A computer-based online research of CNKI and PubMed databases was performed to col ect articles published between 1980 and 2014 with the keywords“MSCs”and“Slit2”in Chinese and English. There were 436 articles after the initial survey. Final y, 65 articles were included according inclusion and exclusion criteria. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Both bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and Slit2 play an important role in promoting angiogenesis, but the relevance of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and Slit2 is stil controversial. If assuming that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells secrete Slit2, more researches should be done to reveal whether bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells promoting angiogenesis is relevant to Slit2 and through which signaling pathway Slit2/Robo functions to adjust bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells thus to promote angiogenesis. If relevant, the transplantation of the Slit2 and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells wil be a promising treatment of cerebral infarction and other central nervous injuries.

Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of 100 mg or 200 mg yimitasvir phosphate combined with sofosbuvir in patients with non-cirrhotic chronic hepatitis C virus ( HCV) genotype 1 infection who were treatment-na?ve or had a virologic failure to prior interferon-based treatment.Methods A multicenter, randomized, open-label, phase 2 clinical trial was conducted.The patients were randomly assigned to yimitasvir phosphate 100 mg+sofosbuvir 400 mg group (Group 100 mg) and yimitasvir phosphate 200 mg+sofosbuvir 400 mg group ( Group 200 mg) in a 1∶1 ratio with the stratified factors of " treatment-naive" or"treatment-experienced" for 12 weeks and followed up for 24 weeks after the end of treatment.During the clinical trial, HCV RNA was tested in all patients.Resistance of virus in patients who didn′t achieved sustained virological response (SVR) was monitored.Safety and tolerability were assessed by monitoring adverse events , physical examination , laboratory examination, electrocardiogram, and vital signs during the study.The primary end point was SVR12 after the end of therapy.Descriptive statistics were used for categorical variables and eight descriptive statistics were used for continuous variables.Descriptive statistics were used and summarized according to HCV genotypes and treatment groups.Safety data were presented using descriptive statistics and summarized according to treatment groups.Results A total of 174 subjects were screened from July 31, 2017 to September 26, 2018.One hundred and twenty-nine patients were successfully enrolled and received treatment , and 127 completed the study.There were 64 patients and 65 patients assigned to Group 100 mg and Group 200 mg, respectively.Among the 129 patients who underwent randomization and were treated , 18.6% were treatment-experienced and: 100%were HCV genotype 1b infection.The total SVR rate was 98.4%(127／129), with 98.4%(63／64, 95%confidence interval [CI]: 91.60%-99.96%) in the Group 100 mg, and 98.50%(64／65, 95%CI: 91.72%-99.96%) in the Group 200 mg.There was no significant difference between the two groups (χ2 ＝0.000 2, P＝0.989 2).The SVR rates in treatment-naive group and treatment-experienced group were 98.10%(95%CI: 93.29%-99.77%) and 100.00%(24／24, 95%CI: 85.75%-100.00%), respectively.Virological failure during treatment ( including breakthrough , rebound and poor efficacy) and relapse after treatment did not occur during the trial.By Sanger sequencing , 11.6%(15／129) patients had baseline NS5A Y93H／Y or Y93H resistance-associated substitutions ( RAS), 1.6%( 2／129) patients had baseline NS5A L31M RAS.No mutation was observed in NS5B S282 at baseline.There was no S282 mutation in HCV NS5B.A total of 100 (77.5%) subjects had adverse events.No adverse events ≥Grade 3 or severe adverse events related to the study treatment.No patient prematurely discontinued study treatment owing to an adverse event.No life-threatening adverse event was reported.Conclusion Twelve weeks of yimitasvir phosphate 100 mg or 200 mg combined with sofosbuvir 400 mg daily is a highly effective and safe regimen for patients without cirrhosis with HCV genotype 1b infection who had not been treated previously or had a virologic failure to prior interferon-based treatment.