Objective To explore the effects of gross saponins of Tribulus terrestris L.on inflammatory reaction and permeability of blood-brain barrier in rats following cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury and their potential mechanisms. Methods Sixty SD rats were divided into sham operation group,model control group,gross saponins of Tribulus terrestris L.at low-dose (10 mg?kg-1 )and high-dose groups(30 mg?kg-1 ).Cerebral ischemia -reperfusion model was established with suture emboli method in middle cerebral artery of rats.Neural injury scores,the contents of Evans blue ( EB) and myeloperoxidase( MPO) activities in rat brain were measured 24 hours after the cerebral reperfusion post 2 h ischemia.Content of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in rat brain was detected by ELISA; expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9) in rat brain was determined by Western blot. Results Compared to the model control group,the neurological deficit scores were significantly decreased(P<0.05),MPO activities and EB contents decreased(P< 0.05 or P< 0.01) in the treatment groups.The expression levels of TNF-α were significantly lower in the treatment groups(0.760±0.110) mg?g-1 and (0.670±0.073) mg?g-1 compared to (0.920±0.128) mg?g-1 in the model control group ( P< 0.05 or P< 0.01). The MMP-9 expression levels were (1.770± 0.181)% and(1.480±0.146)%,significantly lower than(2.200±0.186)% in the model control group(P<0.01). Conclusion Gross saponins of Tribulus terrestris L. exert neuroprotective effects on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats through inhibiting the inflammatory reaction and decreasing the permeability of blood-brain barrier,which may be associated with the decrease of the TNF-α content and downregulation of the MMP-9 expression.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of glucocorticoid in the management of olfaction in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis accompanied with nasal polyposis. METHOD: The published studies of the effectiveness of glucocorticoid in the management of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis were searched in the Medline, Cochrane, EMBASE, Springer and CNKI databases(from the date of establishment of the databases to December 2014). The trails selection based on inclusion criteria and the quality of the included studies was assessed and meta-analysis was performed with RevMan 5. 3 software. RESULT: A total of 5 trials involving 325 patients were included. The Meta-analysis showed that oral glucocorticoid showed more significant improvement in subjective olfaction scores compared to placebo [SMD = -2.22, 95% CI (-3.94 - -0. 49), P < 0.05], oral glucocorticoid also showed significant improvement in objective olfaction scores compared to placebo [SMD = 0.65, 95% CI (0.28-1.01), P < 0.05]. But subsequent use of nasal glucocorticoid had no impact on subjective and objective olfaction scores [SMD = -2.15, 95% CI (-5.67-1.38), P > 0.05], [SMD = 0.28, 95% CI (-0.08-0.64) P > 0.05]. CONCLUSION According to current evidence, oral glucocorticoid can significantly improve subjective and objective olfaction among patients with CRSwNP, but nasal glucocorticoid cannot improve subjective or objective olfaction dysfunction.
Chronic Disease ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Glucocorticoids ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Nasal Polyps ; complications ; drug therapy ; Sinusitis ; complications ; drug therapy ; Smell ; drug effects

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression and clinical significance of BUB1 protein in laryngeal squa mous cell carcinoma (LSCC) tissues. METHOD: The expression of BUB1 protein was measured by immunohistochemistry (EliVision two steps) in 55 cases of LSCC tissues,30 cases of adjacent normal laryngeal mucosa tissues, the relationship of BUB1 expression with clinical pathologic factors in LSCC was also analyzed. RESULT: The positive rate of BUB1 protein in LSCC tissues (50.9%, 28/55) was significantly lower than that in adjacent normal laryngeal mucosa tissues (83.3%, 25/30), P < 0.01. The positive rate of BUB1 protein was correlated with differentiation grading and lymph node metastasis of LSCC (P < 0.05, respectively), but not with patient's sex, age, smoking, tumor site, T-stage and clinical stage(P > 0.05, respectively). CONCLUSION The low expresssion of BUB1 protein is closely related to the tumorigenesis and development of LSCC, and can be a molecular marker for prognosticating metastasis and prognosis of LSCC.
Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Laryngeal Mucosa ; metabolism ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Proteins ; metabolism ; Prognosis ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases ; metabolism

Objective To explore the clinical curative effect of theTaohong-Siwu decoction combined with manipulation in the treatment of the acute phase of lumbar disc herniation (LDH) and its effect on serum inflammatory factors.Methods According to the random number table method, 102 patients with the acute phase of LDH were divided into control group and research group from May 2014 to September 2016, 51 cases in each group. Patients in control group were treated by traction and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug for a month, while patients in research group were treated by manipulation combined withTaohong-Siwu decoction for a month. After treatment, the overall efficacy was observed. The Visual analogous scale (VAS) and JOA scores were recorded before and after the treatment. The IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α levels of inflammatory factors were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results The total effective rate of patients in research roup was significantly higher than that of the control group [90.20％ (46/51)vs. 43.14％ (22/51),χ2=19.329, P=0.006]. After treatment, the VAS scores of patients in both groups were significantly decreased, and JOA score increased markedly, which the differences were statistically significant (Ps<0.05). After treatment, the VAS score of research group was significantly lower than the control group (4.26 ± 0.56vs. 5.13 ± 0.87;t=4.843, P=0.027), and JOA score was significantly higher than the control group (18.42 ± 3.92vs.17.33 ± 4.21;t=5.127, P=0.022). After treatment, the IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α levels of of patients in the research group were significantly lower than those of the control group (0.57 ± 0.11μg/Lvs. 0.90 ± 0.13μg/L, 112.26 ± 15.17μg/Lvs. 130.38 ± 18.29μg/L, 2.01 ± 0.34μg/Lvs. 2.37 ± 0.51μg/L;t=5.429, 6.317, 5.011,P<0.05). ConclusionsThe Taohong-Siwu decoction combined with manipulation on treatment of the acute phase of LDH was effective. The combined therapy can improve the VAS score and JOA score, and reduce the levels of inflammatory cytokines.

Objective:To investigate the hemodynamic characteristics and dynamic cerebral autoregulation(dCA) of patients with severe carotid stenosis before carotid endarterectomy(CEA), and to analyze their correlations with hyperperfusion after CEA.Methods:A total of 63 patients with unilateral severe carotid artery atherosclerotic stenosis who underwent CEA were consecutively recruited prospectively in Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 2021 to August 2021. According to postoperative hyperperfusion, patients were divided into hyperperfusion group (13 cases) and non-hyperperfusion group (50 cases). The general clinical data and hemodynamic parameters were compared between the two groups. The dCA was evaluated by the transfer function analysis that measured the fluctuation amplitude of mean cerebral blood flow velocity(CBFV) with blood pressure change, the time difference of phase with blood pressure change, and the correlation between mean CBFV and blood pressure change. The value of dCA for predicting postoperative hyperperfusion was analyzed through the ROC curve and the area under the curve(AUC).Results:①The proportion of hypertension in hyperperfusion group was higher than that in non-hyperperfusion group ( P<0.05). ②The peak systolic velocity (PSV) at the stenosis lesion of the internal carotid artery, the end-diastolic velocity (EDV) at the stenosis lesion of the internal carotid artery and the ratio of PSV at the stenosis lesion of the internal carotid artery to the distal internal carotid artery in the hyperperfusion group were higher than the non-hyperperfusion group.And the PSV of the ipsilateral middle cerebral artery in the hyperperfusion group was lower than the non-hyperperfusion group (all P<0.05). ③In the very low-frequency and low-frequency region, the phase in the hyperperfusion group was lower than that in the non-hyperperfusion group (all P<0.05), while there was no significant difference in the high-frequency regions( P>0.05). In the three regions of very low-frequency, low-frequency and high-frequency, there were no significant differences in the gain and coherence between the two groups(all P>0.05). ④The best cutoff value of phase in the very low-frequency was 33.28 for predicting hyperperfusion after CEA (AUC=0.766, 95% CI=0.629-0.904, P=0.03), with the specificity of 0.700, and sensitivity of 0.846. Conclusions:There are differences in hemodynamics and dCA between the hyperperfusion group and the non-hyperperfusion group after CEA. The impaired preoperative dynamic cerebral autoregulation is an independent predictor of postoperative hyperperfusion.

Objective:To summarize and compare the characteristics of orthostatic hypotension (OH)　in　patients　with　Parkinson′s disease and multiple system atrophy (MSA).Methods:The active standing test data of 210 Parkinson′s disease patients (Parkinson′s disease group) and 85 MSA patients (MSA group) admitted to the Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 2021 to March 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Demographic information, clinical data, Hoehn-Yahr staging, and Unified Parkinson′s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), Non-Motor Symptoms Questionnaire (NMSQ), Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale and Mini-Mental State Examination scores were collected. The comparative analysis of OH was conducted according to the changes of heart rate and blood pressure during the active standing test.Results:Among the 85 patients with MSA, 52 were found with MSA parkinsonism variant (MSA-P) and 33 with MSA cerebellar variant (MSA-C). The 210 Parkinson′s disease patients were aged (61.5±11.0) years, with 116 males (55.2%). The 85　MSA　patients　were aged (60.1±6.8) years, with 44 males (51.8%). Compared with the Parkinson′s disease group, the Hoehn-Yahr staging [2.0(2.0, 3.0) vs 3.0(2.0, 3.0), Z=-5.278, P<0.001], NMSQ[ 25.0(11.0,46.5) vs 45.0(24.0,70.0), Z=-3.632, P<0.001] and UPDRS scores [50.0(32.0,68.0) vs 65.5(44.5,78.5), Z=-3.073, P=0.003] in the MSA group were higher. The incidence of OH in the MSA group was higher than that in the Parkinson′s disease group [63.5% (54/85) vs 25.7%(54/210), χ 2= 37.284, P<0.001], but there was no statistically significant difference between the MSA-P and MSA-C groups . Compared with the Parkinson′s disease group, the MSA group had a higher incidence of classical OH [54.1%(46/85) vs 12.9%(27/210), χ 2=55.316, P<0.001] and neurogenic OH [36.5%(31/85) vs 9.0%(19/210), χ 2=32.326, P<0.001],but there was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of initial OH and delayed OH between the two groups. The incidence of severe OH in the MSA group was also higher than that in the Parkinson′s disease group [57.6%(49/85) vs 16.7%(35/210), χ 2=49.894, P<0.001], but there was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of pre-clinical OH and mild OH between the two groups. Conclusions:The incidence, time change, severity and pathophysiological basis of OH in Parkinson′s disease and MSA patients are different. Different types of OH may help to distinguish MSA from Parkinson′s disease.

BACKGROUND:The specific molecular mechanism of the transformation from normal healthy people to acute cervical spondylotic radiculopathy has not been clear,which needs to be further studied. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the differential expression of serum proteomics between normal healthy people and patients with acute cervical spondylotic radiculopathy,and to find and identify potential specific serum markers between them. METHODS:The serum samples of eight patients with acute cervical spondylotic radiculopathy and eight normal healthy people were collected,and the proteomic screening and analysis were performed by tandem mass tag combined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry technology,in order to explore and identify serum proteins differentially expressed in patients with acute cervical spondylotic radiculopathy. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:A total of 183 significantly differential proteins were screened by tandem mass tag technology,and 11 significantly differential proteins were identified(P＜0.05).Compared with normal healthy people,three differential proteins were significantly up-regulated,including human leukocyte antigen-A,secretoglobin family 1a member 1,and protein 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase,and seven differential proteins were significantly down-regulated,such as immunoglobulin heavy constant gamma 3,skin factor,and myosin light chain 3,in patients with acute cervical spondylotic radiculopathy.Gene ontology enrichment analysis showed that these differential proteins participated in antigen binding,immunoglobulin receptor binding and other molecular functions.Protein-protein interaction analysis showed that among the common differential proteins between normal healthy people and patients with acute cervical spondylotic radiculopathy,HLA-A,HPD,PSMA3,DMKN,SCGB1A1,and MYL3 were located at the nodes of the functional network,and were closely related to the systems of body immunity,cellular inflammatory response,energy metabolism,and mechanical pressure.The significantly differential proteins HLA-A,HPD and MYL3 were verified by western blot,and the results were consistent with those of proteomics.To conclude,tandem mass tag combined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry technology can be used to find the differentially expressed proteins in serum between normal healthy people and patients with acute cervical spondylotic radiculopathy.It is preliminarily believed that HLA-A,HPD and MYL3 may be specific serum markers of acute cervical spondylotic radiculopathy,providing a new direction for further research on its pathogenesis.