Objective To investigate the toxic effects of ozone on rat astrocytes in vitro. Methods Twelve 1-2 day old Wistar rats were anesthetized with ether. Their brains were removed. Astrecytes were enzymatically isolated with trypsin and cultured. After different-speed cultivation and serial passage, astrocytes were seeded into 24 well plates and divided into 4 groups (n = 7 each): group Ⅰ normal control (group C) and group Ⅱ , Ⅲ , Ⅳ (group O2-O340, 60, 80) were exposed to ozone 40, 60 and 80 μg/ml respectively. After 2 and 4 h incubation, the astroeytes were examined under microscope. Supernatant was collected and cells were broken for determination of SOD activity and MDA content in the cells and LDH leaking ratio. Results Cells in group O2-O3 60 and 80 exhibited hypertrophy, vacuoles and black denatured grains in the cytoplasm and increase in proceses. SOD activity and MDA content were significantly increased at the end of 2 h incubation in group O2-O340, 60 and 80 as compared with blank control group. LDH leaking ratio and MDA content were increased in a concentration dependent manner at the end of 2 h and 4 h incubation, while SOD activity was decreased concentration dependently at the end of 4 h incubation. SOD activity was signifieandy decreased, while LDH leaking ratio was increased at 4 h as compared with that at 2 h in group O2-O360 and 80. Conclusion Ozone has toxic effects on cultured rat astroeytns in a concentration and time dependent manner.

Objective To study a noninvasive determination of blood glucose concentration in human body. Methods Using FT-IR AIR technique, the relative intensity of～1123cm 1 bands was compared with the determinating results of blood glucose with a instant blood glucose instrument. Results The relative intensity change of ～1123cm 1 bands in mid-infrared spectra of middle finger, was in accordance with the variation of blood glucose concentration in human body, and its relative intensity was significantly related to the blood glucose concentration in human body.(R=0.83485. SD=0.13566.P

Objective: To improve the physical properties of micromeritics of the extracts of Fengshilin capsule, such as anti moisture. Methods: Critical relative humidity, absoption curve of moisture, angle of repose were used as the norms of the research. The suitable excipients and formulation process of Fengshilin capsule have been sieved. Results: It was feasible that the combined excipients of microcystalline cellulose and starch (in a ratio of 1∶1) were mixed with the extract powder. The absorption of moiture of the extract powder was improved. The humidity of mass production and store was lower than 45%. Conclusion: The research has been found to be an effective in the process of Fengshilin capsule.

Objective To evaluate the result of percutaneous internal fixation in treatment of uncomminuted ankle fractures (inner malleolus,extemal malleolus and ventral condyle). Methods A total of 26 patients with uncomminuted ankle fractures at age range of 20-55 years(mean 35.2 years)were treated with closed reduction and percutaneous internal fixation by screws,eannulated screws or Kirschuer pins under C-arm X-ray scan.All patients were followed up for 12-24 months(mean 14 months).Results All fractures were healed successfully.with healing time of 8-24 weeks(mean 10.3 weeks).According to Bourne Standard,excellent ankle function results were reposed in 15 patients,good in 9 and fair in 2,with excellence rate of 92%.There was no implant failure,postoperative infection or dehiscence. Conclusions With advantage of early rehabilitation and minor incision of the affected ankles,closed reduction and percutaneous internal fixation can be selected for transverse or oblique uncomminuted ankle fractures,especially for those patients with severe swelling or skin injury.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of thyroglobulin measurement in fine-needle aspiration biopsy(FNA-Tg).Methods This study included 63 patients with thyroid cancer or with enlarged lymph nodes during the follow-up from Aug.2010 to Jun.2012.Ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration was done in the 63 patients with 79 suspicious enlarged lymph nodes.Then thyroglobulin(Tg) in FNA washout fluid and serum Tg were assayed with electrochemiluminescenceimmunoassay(ECLIA).Diagnostic sensitivity,specificity and area under the ROC curve were evaluated according to 5 predetermined threshold levels:FNA-Tg/serum-Tg ＞ 1,mean + 2SD of node-negative patients,10 ng/ml,optimal operating point of ROC curve and 1000 ng/ml.Results The sensitivity value was 90.70％,90.70％,95.35％,90.70％ and 65.12％ respectively on the 5 threshold level,significantly lower than those on the threshold level of 1000 ng/ml(P ＜0.05).The specificity value was 97.22％,91.67％,72.22％,97.22％ and 100％ (P ＞0.05) on those threshold levels,significantly lower than those on the threshold level of 10 ng/ml (P ＜0.05).The area under the ROC curve was 0.940,0.912,0.838,0.940 and 0.826 respectively.There was no statistical difference(P ＞0.05).Conclusion Selecting FNA-Tg/serum-Tg ＞ 1 as a positive threshold value can be a secondary diagnosis of lymph nodes metastasis in patients with papillary thyroid cancer.

Objective To analyze the present situation of the dental instrument cleaning and disinfection in Hainan province and to explore the management mode of dental instrument cleaning and disinfection which is suitable for the provincial situation .Meth-ods By adopting the stratified random sampling method according to the hospital grades ,24 hospitals in Hainan province were per-formed the questionnaire survey on the cleaning mode of oral instruments ,layout of cleaning and disinfection room ,cleaning method and facilities ,protection measures and training of cleaning staff .Results 14 hospitals (58 .33% ) had the sterilization and supply center for conducting the centralized processing on the dental instruments .The tertiary hospitals and the second-grade hospitals had the independent cleaning and disinfection rooms with the rational layout and professional cleaning staff ;the safeguard facilities had the application in place ,the training of the related cleaning and disinfection work and the cleaning process conformed the require-ment of the standards .Among 10 first-grade and below hospitals ,only 1 hospital(10 .00% ) had the rational layout of cleaning and disinfection rooms ;3 hospitals(30 .00% ) had the professional cleaning staff ;the related training of the cleaning staff was not basi-cally carried out and the safeguard was not in place ,most of the cleaning and disinfection instruments and the cleaning process were not in accordance with the requirements .The qualification rates of instruments cleaning and disinfection in different grades of hospi-tals by the ATP bioluminescence assay were 100 .00% ,90 .00% and 80 .00% .Conclusion The existing problems are general and prominent in the hospitals of the first-grade and below .It is suggested that the regionalized disinfection and supply management mode is implemented for maximally realizing the optimized resource configuration in the disinfection and supply center .

Abstract] Objective To study the roles of IL-12 and IL-23 in the development of protective im-munity and pathological changes during chlamydial urogenital infection.Methods C57BL/6J wild type (wt) mice and mice deficient in IL-12p35 (IL-12p35 KO) or IL-12p40 (IL-12p40 KO)were inoculated in-travaginally with 1×104 IFU of live Chlamydia muridarum ( C.muridarum) organisms.Half mice of each group were reinfected on day 114 after primary infection.Vaginal swabs were taken every 3 or 4 days to mo-nitor live organism shedding.The mice were sacrificed after 114 or 143 days of primary infection and the va-ginal tract and kidney samples were collected for pathological analysis.The numbers of chlamydial inclusion bodies and bacteria in kidney homogenates were titrated after 100 days of primary infection.Results The infection time courses of mice deficient in either IL-12p35 or IL-12p40 were similar after primary infection, but were prolonged as compared with the wild type mice.All mice regardless of genotypes developed severe pathological damages in upper genital tracts with no significant difference among different groups.Almost all IL-12p40 KO mice and some IL-12p35 KO mice showed pathological changes in kidney samples.No obvious abnormality was observed in any of the kidneys from wild type mice.Neither the age-matched IL-12p35 KO nor IL-12p40 KO mice developed any gross pathological changes in kidney in the absence of chlamydial in-fection.C.muridarum inclusions were detected in kidney samples with gross pathological damages from IL-12p35 KO mice and IL-12p40 KO mice.No inclusions were ever detected in kidneys from the wild type mice.The numbers of chlamydial inclusions in the IL-12p40 KO mice were much higher than those of the IL-12p35 KO mice.Live bacteria were detected in mice deficient in either IL-12p35 or IL-12p40, but not in the wild type mice.No significant difference with the number of live bacteria was found between IL-12p35 KO mice and IL-12p40 KO mice.Conclusion IL-12 and IL-23 could inhibit the spread of C.muridarum in-fection from genital tract to kidney.The deficiency of IL-12 or IL-23 might relate to the renal lesions induced by Chlamydia infection.

AIM: To explore the localization and expression of transfo rming grow th factor-? 1,2 (TGF-? 1,2 ) and alpha-smooth muscle actin (?- ASMA) in fetal a nd adult skins. METHODS: Skins of 15 cases of fetuses with different gestational ages and 5 cases of adults were taken, embedded with paraffin wax, and sectione d. Immunohistochemistry method and pathological method were used to detect the e xpression intensity and distribution of TGF-? 1,2 and ?-ASMA. RESULTS: Positive immunohistochemical signals of TGF-? 1,2 and ?-A SMA were found in fetal and adult skins. In skins derived from young fet us, the positive signals of these three proteins were very weak. Along with the incr ement in gestational age, the positive cellular rates of TGF-? 1,2 and ?- ASMA were elevated pro gressively. In elder fetal and adult skins, TGF-? 1,2 were mostly distributed i n epidermal cells, endothelial cells and some fibroblasts, while ?-ASMA was mainly located in myofibroblasts and sweat gland epithelial cells. CONCLUSION: The endo genous TGF-? 1,2 might be involved in the cutaneous development at embryoni c stage, in the cutaneous structure maintenance at adult stage, and in the wound healing af ter injury.

BACKGROUND: Limb salvage operations with preservation of the epiphysis (LSPPE) had been used clinically in order to overcome discrepancy of affected limb and poorer limb function, but more post-operation complications existed, including infection, grafting bone resorption, fracture and internal fixation cinch.OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical related matters of inactivated bone replantation with preservation of the epiphysis in children limb salvage with osteosarcoma.DESIGN: Clinical observation regularly.SETTING: General Hospital of Jinan Military Area Command of Chinese PLA.MATERIALS: Eleven patients corresponded selected standard and accepted treatment from January 1999 to January distal metastasis was found with lung X-ray check and CT scanning, the patient would be excluded this study. There were 5 males, 6 females, and the mean age of (8±2) years old (4-11 years). The disease history was 1-6 months.FO) were adopted. After 2 weeks of chemotherapy, the operations of inactivated bone replantation with preservation of the epiphysis were performed. The operation was performed under epidural or general anesthesia. The patient lied on operating table. The knee anteriomedialis incision was adopted. Firstly, femur periosteum was opened beyond proximal end 2-3 cm from tumor, subperiosteum stripping was done to the proximal femur, descend femur with wire saw, separated and disconnected aboral periosteum, blunt dissecting femur aboral blood vessel and nerves to the popliteal fossa,deligating blood vessel around the tumor. Attachment of gastroenemius was cut off. Epiphyseal plate was identified carefully. According to pre-operation MR, the distal femur descend level was determined and the femur was descend with electro-saw. It was determined with cytology that no tumor cell existed in descend level, and reconstruction of bone de-fect with inactivated tumor-bone shell with 95% alcohol and bone cement containing ADR (20 g bone cement: 10 mg ADR), the diaphysis was fixed by intramedullary nail and screws were inserted in the residual epiphysis for the osteosynthesis of the distal osteotomy. One drainage tube was placed into and closed incision The affected limb was protected with plaster cast. Post-operative treatment: Regular usage of antibiotics was adopted to prevent infection. The drainage tube was pulled out when drainage amount ＜ 50 Ml/24 hours. The progressive passive exercise was initiated during the protection of affected limb with plaster cast for 8 weeks. Twelve to 14 days after operation, stitches were taken out. The postoperative chemotherapy then initiated, drug and dosage were identified on the response to the preoperative chemotherapy. Eight weeks after operation, patients were permitted to walk with the protection of double crutches and ery analysis: To observe ncision healing and existing of nerve and blood vessel injure, or not. During follow-up, patient recoveries were determined with affected knee function, limb length, distal metastasis, post-operative complications and dynamic imaging inspection of bone healing.imaging inspection of bone healing.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① The response to chemotherapy was evaluated with tumor cell necrosis rate. ② Post-operative recovery was determined with parameters such as knee function, limb length, distal metastasis, etc. ③ Dynamic imaging inspection of bone healing.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① The response to chemotherapy was evaluated with tumor cell necrosis rate. ② Post-operative recovery was determined with parameters such as knee function, limb length, distal metastasis, etc. ③ Dynamic imaging inspection of bone healing.RESULTS:All patients in this study were done follow-up.①The histological response of 11 patients to preoperative chemotherapy were classified as 7 in gradeⅣ,4 ingrade Ⅲ.②Post-operation recovery:No nerve and blood vessel injury existed and all incision healed well,there was not incision infection and healing.Eleven patients were followed-up from 10 to 72 months.Three patients could flexed affected knee joint ≥110,90-110 in 3 cases,60-90 in 4 cases,＜60 in one patient .The length of both lower extremity equaled in 4 cases,the length of affected limb was shorter than 2.0 cm in 5 cases,2.0-3.0 cm in 2 cases. One patient with recurrence,two with metastasis,three died.Screw cinch in one patient and one patient with inactivated bone fracture. ③Dynamic imaging inspection: No recurrence was found around epiphysis. Essential bone healing existed between the inactivated bone and epiphysis,callus formation between the inactivated bone and diaphysis at 2 months after operation; more callus formed and 4 months; 6 months after operation,bone complete healing was found between the inactivated bone and diaphysis.④Post-operation recovery:During follow-up, a screw cinch was found in one patient, and dislodged the screw because of bone healing well. One patient underwent open reduction, bone grafting and internal fixation with encircle device because of inactivated bone fracture.four months of the operation, grafting bone healed well. At post-operative 24 months, the length of both lower extremities equaled and the affected knee flexed to 110°.CONCLUSION: Inactivated bone replantation with preserving epiphysis for osteosarcoma in children was propitious to recover limb function and keep limb length.

Objective:To explore the clients' assessment for the ethical behavior of the counselors and psychotherapists.Methods:The main method used in this evaluation was questionnaire,and the self-made questionnaire of the ethical problems in psychotherapy and counseling(for the clients)were used as evaluation tools.Totally 1100 clients,from 12 cities in China,were investigated with 807 questionnaires returned.Results:84.5% of the clients were confident in the treatments,and 89.2% of them gave positive assessment for the ability of their counselors and psychotherapists.15.9% of clients said the counselors and psychotherapists showed impatience or talked to them about their stress sometimes.Besides,59.1% knew about the characters,names and charge of the psychotherapies and counseling,and 53.4% knew the background of the counselors and psychotherapists.91.3% of clients thought the privacy and treatment could be kept secret.7% of clients had intimate relationship with their counselors or psychotherapists,1.5% had sexual relations,and 18.3% made friends in lives.79% of clients could receive timely psychotherapies and counseling.Conclusion:From the assessment of the clients,the vast majorities of the counselors and psychotherapists do well in work ability,confidentiality and time-setting,but not so well in informed-consent and dual relations,which need to be paid attention to and improved.