Objective To measure 95% effective doses (ED95) of propofol and etomidate by using up-down intravenous administration method, and compare the potency ratio and the anesthesia duration of them. Methods Twenty eight male SD rats were divided into two groups randomly: the propofol group and the etomidate group. Loss of righting reflex was regarded as the judgment index of unconsciousness. The dose-response curve was made according to the formula of Y=Ymin+(Ymax-Ymin)/ [1+10log(ED50-X)× m]. Values of ED95 of propofol and etomidate were calculated, and the anesthesia duration periods after administration of the two equivalent dose drugs were measured respectively. Results The values of ED95 were 9 mg/kg and 1.5 mg/kg for propofol and etomidate. The ED95 ratio for propofol and etomidate was 6. There was a significant difference in anesthesia duration between propofol group (465.6±18.5)s and etomidate group (233.7±9.3)s (P<0.05). Conclusion The anesthesia duration of propofol is longer than that of etomidate, taking the ED95 as equivalent dose.

Objective:To explore the concentration of monoamine neurotransmitter in serum and psychiatric symptoms such as anxiety and depression in infertility patients with and without PCOS(No-PCOS),and the relationship between them.Methods:30 infertility with PCOS were selected as experimental group(EG) and 30 infertility patients without PCOS as control group(CG).They were administered Symptom Checklist(SCL-90).Their monoamine neurotransmitter in serum were determined including norepinephrine(NE),3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol(MHPG),5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT),5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid(5-HIAA),dopamine(DA),homovanillic acid(HVA) and dihydroxy-phenyl acetic acid(DOPAC).Results:The findings indicated that the scores in anxiety and depression subscales of SCL-90 were significantly higher in the PCOS group than those in the No-PCOS(P

Objective To evaluate the pelvic floor function in post-hysterectomy patients. Methods Transperineal pelvic ultrasound was used to observe the pelvic organs in post- hysterectomy patients, and parameters of pelvic floor were measured. Taking the inferior margin of public symphysis as the reference plane,the shape and motion of the proximal urethra and bladder neck were observed at rest and on maximum Valsalva maneuver. Bladder neck-symphyseal distance(BSD) and retrovesical angle were measured. And the bladder neck descent(BND),urethral rotation angle and the rotation angle of the bladder neck were also calculated. Interclass correlation coefficients were calculated to evaluate the consistency of data. Results At rest,the BSD and retrovesical angle were (-2.73±0.37)cm and (119.00±22.40)°, while on maximum Valsalva maneuver was (-0.25±0.67)cm and (114.74±21.50)°,respectively. BND was (2.46±0.59)cm,the urethral rotation angle and the rotation angle of the bladder neck was (70.68±19.91)° and (60.81±17.34) °,respectively. Combined with pelvic ultrasound and clinical manifestations,29 cases of pelvic floor dysfunction after hysterectomy were diagnosed (58.00%, 5 cases of stress urinary incontinence, 8 cases of proctoptoma and 16 cases of bladder prolapse). The consistency was very high in measuring BNS, retrovesical angle at rest and on maximum Valsalva maneuver and BND by different observers. The interclass coefficient was 0.90,0.89,0.91,0.88,0.92,respectively. And the interclass coefficient of urethral rotation angle and the rotation angle of the bladder neck was 0.79, 0.88,respectively. These results showed a good interobserver agreement. Conclusion Transperineal pelvic ultrasound is a simple,reproducible and noninvasive imaging method, which can reveal the position and function of female pelvic organ dynamically and evaluate postoperative pelvic floor function.

Objective To evaluate potential clinical risk factors for the development of early-onset myocardial damage following multiple trauma (MT), and to determine whether early-onset myocardial damage was caused by the combined effects of thoracic and systemic injury factors in MT patients.Methods A total of 231 patients with MT over the last 3 years were retrospectively reviewed. With myocardial damage being a dependent variable and other twenty factors being independent variables, univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were applied to investigate the risk factors for early-onset myocardial damage and to identify the association of thoracic and systemic risk factors with early-onset myocardial damage.Results Multivariable logistic regressions showed that acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ ) score ≥10, injury severity score (ISS) ≥ 25, shock index ≥ 2,coexisting chest trauma, abbreviated injury scale (AIS) of chest≥3, and hypoxia time ≥ 0.5 h were risk factors. The risk of earlyonset myocardial damage following MT obviously increased when thoracic and systemic injury risk factors were coexisting.Conclusion Our results indicated that thoracic injury combined with systemic injury increased the overall risk of early-onset myocardial damage following MT. Prospective validation of these findings in other clinical settings is warranted.

Animals ; Endothelins ; physiology ; Humans ; Mice ; Pulmonary Fibrosis ; etiology ; Rats

Adult ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; complications ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Tablets

Objective To investigate the expression of Rap1 GTPase-activating protein 1 (Rap1GAP),matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9),and their relation with clinical patterns in colorectal carcinoma.Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of Rap1GAP,MMP-2 and MMP-9 in colorectal carcinoma,villous adenoma,tubular adenoma and normal colorectal tissue,and their relationship with clinicopathological parameters was analyzed.Results The positive rate of Rap1GAP expression was 30.4 ％ (14/46),77.8 ％ (14/18),69.6 ％ (16/23) and 95.2 ％ (20/21) in colorectal carcinoma,villous adenoma,tubular adenoma,and normal colorectal tissue,respectively (x2 =30.659,P=0.000).The figures were 71.7 ％ (33/46),55.6 ％ (10/18),52.2 ％ (12/16) and 9.5 ％ (2/21) for the positive rate of MMP-2 expression (x2 =22.459,P =0.000),as well as for 76.1％ (35/46),61.1％ (11/18),56.5 ％ (13/23) and 14.3 ％ (3/21) for the positive rate of MMP-9 expression,respectively (x2 =22.643,P =0.000).In patients with colorectal carcinoma,the expression of Rap1GAP was correlated with tumor differentiation (x2 =5.275,P =0.022),but not sex,age,or lymphatic metastasis (all P ＞ 0.05).The expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were correlated with lymphatic metastasis (x2 =6.661,P =0.010;x2 =8.475,P =0.040),but not sex,age or tumor differentiation(all P ＞ 0.05).There was a negative correlation between expression of Rap1GAP and MMP-2,MMP-9 in colorectal carcinoma,respectively (r =-0.424,P =0.003;r =-0.294,P =0.048),but no correlation between the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 (r =0.101,P =0.505).Conclusions Rap1GAP,MMP-2 and MMP-9 play important roles in the malignant biological behavior of colorectal carcinoma,and the expression of Rap1GAP is negatively correlated with MMP-2 and MMP-9.The interactions among the three affect the occurrence and development of colorectal carcinoma.

Objective To compare the applicability of the 7th and 6th editions of the UICC-AJCC esophageal cancer TNM staging systems for adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction (EGJ).Methods During June 2007 through December 2010,199 patients with EGJ adenocarcinoma(Siewert type Ⅱ) underwent R0-intent resection in our hospital.Their clinicopatholigical and survival data were retrospectively analyzed with Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression models.They were restaged according to the 7th and 6th UICC/AJCC TNM staging systems for esophageal cancer,respectively.Then the Akaike information criterion(AIC) was used for measuring goodness of fit of both staging systems.Results Among 199 patients,there were 162 males and 37 females.Univariate analysis indicated that age(P =0.009),surgical approach(P =0.002),cell differentiation (P =0.030),preoperative co-morbidity (P =0.026),depth of tumor invasion (P ＜ 0.000) and number of metastatic lymph nodes(P ＜ 0.000) were significant influencing factors on overall survival.Multivariate analysis demonstrated that the independent prognostic factors for EGJ adenocarcinoma were age,T stage,N stage and preoperative co-morbidity according to the 6th edition of esophageal cancer TNM staging system,and only T stage,N stage and preoperative co-morbidity according to the 7th edition of esophageal cancer TNM staging system.The AIC value was 961.4 for the 7th edition of esophageal cancer staging system and 972.4 for the 6th edition.Conclusion The 7th edition of UICC/AJCC esophageal cancer TNM classification is su perior to its 6th edition of esophageal cancer staging system for EGJ adenocarcinoma.

Objective To evaluate the effect of anterior minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) for treatment of middle humeral shaft fracture.Methods From November 2011 to March 2014,10 cases of middle humeral shaft fracture were treated using MIPO via the anterior approach (MIPO group).Another 26 cases treated by open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of the middle humeral shaft fracture between October 2010 and March 2014 were included as controls (ORIF group).Fracture fixation using the 4.5 mm locking compression plate (LCP) was performed in both groups.Parameter measurements included operative time,intraoperative fluoroscopy times,grafting rate,intraoperative blood loss,postoperative drainage,hospital stay,bone healing time and complications.Results MIPO and ORIF groups differed significantly with respect to intraoperative blood loss [(93.5 ± 25.6) ml vs (325.3 ± 158.3) ml],intraoperative fluoroscopy times [(13.2 ± 6.1) vs 4.0 (0-6.0)] and hospitalization [(11.9 ± 1.7)days vs (18.0 ±4.7)days] (P ＜0.05).Bone grafting and drainage were not performed in MIPO group,while bone grafting rate was 54％ and postoperative drainage volume was (120.4 ± 69.6) ml in ORIF group (P ＜0.05).MIPO and ORIF groups were comparable with respect to operative time [(79.0 ± 22.0) min vs (97.5 ± 30.8) min],bone healing time [(15.2 ± 2.5) weeks vs (18.2 ± 4.8)weeks] and postoperative complications (10％ vs23％) (P＞0.05).Conclusion Anterior MIPO is an effective procedure for treatment of middle humeral shaft fracture,with advantages of small trauma,less bleeding,low risk of nerve injury and high rate of fracture healing.

Objective To investigate the preventive effect of oral ulcer using two methods in radio-therapeutic patients after tongue squamous cell carcinoma operation. Methods Thirty-six radiotherapeutic patients after tongue squamous cell carcinoma operation were collected from May 2012 to May 2014 and divided into control group and treatment group according to the random number table method. Regular oral nursing was administered to control group, treatment group were received regular therapy plus orally vitamin B and cetylpyridinium chloride gargle for gargling, and then evaluated the efficacy according related standards. Results Less oral ulcer (1/18 vs.7/18,χ2=-2.372,P<0.05), better oral lustration (Z=-2.093,P<0.05) and overall oral nursing effect (Z=-2.166,P<0.05) were observed in treatment group compared to control group after 7 days of therapy, however, treatment group presented no significantly better comfort level at the same time (Z=-1.708,P>0.05). Conclusions Regular therapy plus orally vitamin B and cetylpyridinium chloride gargle for gargling are effective for the prevention of oral ulcer in radiotherapeutic patients after tongue squamous cell carcinoma operation.