Objective:To establish a method for the determination of related substances in erythromycin ophthalmic ointment. Methods:The extraction method was established and optimized. An HPLC gradient elution method was used for the determination of related substances in erythromycin ophthalmic ointment. Results: One step extraction with PBS (pH 7.0) - methanol(1: 1) had promising effect. After the method validation, it was proved that the method could be used to determine the related substances in eryth-romycin ophthalmic ointment. Conclusion:The method established in the paper provides a better analytical extraction and determina-tion method for the quality control of erythromycin ophthalmic ointment.

Cells, Cultured ; Comet Assay ; DNA Damage ; drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Humans ; Lymphocytes ; drug effects ; Styrene ; adverse effects

0.05);IGF-I after therapy was higher than before(P

AIM: To study effect of endogenous carbon monoxide on intracellular calcium concentration and explore the mechanism in brain protection of endogenous CO in focal cerebral ischemia in rats. METHODS: SD rats were divided into three groups randomly, which including hemin, ZnPP group and saline group as control. Respectively saline, hemin, ZnPP were injected intra-peritoneally twelve hours before middle cerebral artery was occluded. Twenty four hours after MCAO model was set up, the concentration of carbon monoxide in blood and intracellular calcium in neural cells was examined. RESULTS: Contrast to saline group, the concentration of CO in blood rose up while intracellular calcium in occluded side decreased in hemin group; the concentration of CO in blood went down while intracellular calcium in occluded side rose up in ZnPP group, there was significant difference among them (P0.05). CONCLUSIONS: It may be one of mechanisms on brain protection in ischemic cerebral tissue that carbon monoxide affected intracellular calcium concentration of neural cells by regulating Ca~(2+)-K~+ channel on cell membrane as a messenger gaseous molecular and neurotransmitter. [

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of the expression of XIAP mRNA and Survivin mRNA in non-small cell lung cancer and their relationship. Methods RT-PCR was used to evaluate the expression of XIAP mRNA and Survivin mRNA in 59 cases of NSCLC and corresponding normal tissues.Results There was a significant difference in XIAP mRNA expression in primary lung and corresponding normal tissues (61.0 % vs 30.5 %, P<0.05), whereas there were no significant correlation between the XIAP mRNA expression and gender, age, smoking history, histological subtype, T stage, lymph node metastatic status and TNM stage. There was a significant difference in Survivin mRNA expression in primary lung and corresponding normal tissues (81.4 % vs 23.7 %, P<0.05), whereas there were no significant correlation between the Survivin mRNA expression and gender, age, smoking history, histological subtype, T stage, lymph node metastatic status and TNM stage. Conclusion The significant difference of XIAP mRNA and Survivin mRNA expression between the tumor and corresponding normal tissues implies they might play important roles in the carcinogenesis and progress of NSCLC and might become marker for the diagnosis and target for treatment of NSCLC.

Notch signaling pathway consists of three parts: Notch receptor, Notch ligand and intracellular effector. Notch is a family of transmembrane proteins that function both as cell surface receptors and transcription regulators. As the first human gene of this family, Notch1 was discovered in 1991 through the analysis of the chromosomal translocation t(7;9) (q34;q34.3) observed in patients with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). Since then Notch signaling has been implicated in multiple processes that govern normal morphogenesis, differentiation, cell proliferation and apoptosis. At the same time a role of Notch in the pathogenesis of hematologic and solid malignancies has become apparent. The identification of activating mutations in Notch1 were discovered in over 50% of T-ALL patients. However, whether the mutation in Notch1 is an early event or an secondary event is still unknown. It is becoming increasingly evident that Notch signaling can be both oncogenic and tumor suppressive. This review focuses on the recent findings regarding the Notch signaling during the development and progression of different kinds of hematologic malignancies, the types of mutations in Notch1 in T-ALL and the relationship between Notch signaling pathway and other signaling pathways.In addition, the clinical prospects of Notch inhibitors also are discussed.
Humans ; Neoplasms ; Receptor, Notch1 ; Signal Transduction

Objective To evaluate the detection rate and the efficiency of the modified crushing-cercariae escaping method.Methods The detection rates of the modified crushing-cercariae escaping method and the crushing methods were compared by using a double-blind control experiment with the latter as a gold standard.meanwhile the number of the cercariae was quantified.The efficiency of the two methods aforementioned and the cereariae escaping method were compared in field.Results The detection rate of the modified crushing-cercariae escaping method was 100%.the average number of cercariae in each infected snail was (4 778±1 157);and the number in certain volume of water sample was positively correlated with the number of infected snails.The efficiency of the modified menthed Was 18.2 times and 17.3 times as high as those of the crushing method and cereariae escaping method,respectively.Conclusions The modified crushing-cercariae escaping method Can detect the infected snails quicky and Can quantify the number of infected snails and cercariae,and is suitable for the detection of infected snails in large number.

Objective To investigate the relationship between pleural resonance features and the chest volume and vital capacity in young male adults .Methods A total of 60 healthy young male adults were included in this study .Energy distribution of pleural resonance was measured with the multi-channel voice analysis system when they pronounced /a:/.The frequency spectrums were 0~999 Hz (FR1 ) ,1 000~1 999 Hz (FR2 ) ,2 000~2 999 Hz (FR3 ) ,3 000~4 000 Hz (FR4 ) .Fast 3D reconstruction of chest was detected by multi slice spiral CT to calcu‐late the chest volume .The vital capacity was evaluated by aerodynamics system .SPSS 18 .0 software was used to analyze the data .Results The vital capacity in healthy young male adults was 4 .31 ± 0 .63 L ,the chest volume was 5 .69 ± 0 .52 L .The frequency spectrum of FR1 was 53 .38% ± 2 .14% ,FR2 was 30 .72% ± 1 .59% ,FR3 was 10 . 53% ± 2 .75% ,FR4 was 5 .35% ± 2 .32% ,respectively .There was a highly positive correlation between the chest volume and FR1 (r=0 .854) ,moderately positive correlation between the volume and FR2 (r=0 .740) ,moderately negative correlation between the volume and FR3 (r= -0 .587) ,moderately negative correlation between the volume and FR4 (r= -0 .565);There was a highly positive correlation between the vital capacity and FR1 (r=0 .744) ,mod‐erately positive correlation between the volume and FR2 (r=0 .699) ,moderately negative correlation between thevolume and FR3 (r= -0 .632) ,weakly negative correlation between the volume and FR4 (r= -0 .429) .Conclusion There was a high correlation between the chest volume and pleural resonance ,high correlation between vital capacity and pleural resonance in young male adults ,which may be a influencing factor of pronunciation effect .

Objective To study the auditory perception and speech ability outcomes after cochlear implantation in prelingually deaf children with extremely severe neurosensory hearing loss and comorbid leukoencephalopathy.Methods Our study included 14 prelingually deaf children with leukoencephalopathy (confirmed by preoperative MRI scanning) who were treated with cochlear implantation in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery of Hainan Provincial People''s Hospital, including 8 males and 6 females of 1~6 yr with a mean age of 3.8 yr.Sixteen synchronous prelingually deaf children without central nervous system (CNS) diseases were also included as the control group, including 11 males and 5 females of 1~6 yr with a mean age of 4.4 yr.All the patients underwent pre-surgical assessments of audiology, radiology, speech ability and intelligence before cochlear implantation via transmastoid facial nerve recess approach was done, after which rehabilitation was provided at the Hainan Rehabilitation Center for Deaf Children.Categories of auditory performance (CAP) and speech intelligibility rate (SIR) were employed as the assessment criteria for the outcome of surgery, the scores of which at different timepoints after surgery were statistically compared through paired t-test between the two groups.Results All the patients gained post-surgical hearing and speech abilities to different degrees, whereas CAP and SIR scores both chronologically improved in the both groups.No statistical difference was revealed either in CAP or in SIR scores between the two groups at 6, 12 and 24 months after surgery (P>0.05).Conclusion Children with extremely severe neurosensory hearing loss can be reated with cochlear implantation even if they have comorbid leukoencephalopathy.The effects of auditory and speech rehabilitation for the same age patients with leukoencephalopathy are similar to those without leukoencephalopathy in 2 years after surgery.

The rice gall dwarf disease, caused by the Rice gall dwarf virus (RGDV) is a serious disease occurring in rice in many regions of Guangdong province. As a basis to control the disease we have studied the genomic diversity of a variety of isolates from different locations. Genome segment 8(S8), encoding a main outer capsid protein (Pns8) of RGDV five isolates (BL, CH, DQ, GZ, XY) from Guangdong province was cloned and sequenced. The results revealed that all the S8 segments of the five isolates consisted of 1 578 nucleotides and had a single open reading frame (ORF) extending for 1 301 nucleotides from nucleotide 21 which encoded a polypeptide of 426 amino acids with an estimated molecular weight of 47.4 kDa. The S8 full-length sequence and the ORF sequence shared 97.3%-98.8% and 97.3%-99.1% nucleotide sequence identities within the five Chinese isolates, and shared 94.8%-95.6% and 95.0%-96.0% identities with those of the Thailand isolate respectively. The deduced amino acid sequence of Pns8 in GZ isolate was identical to that in the Thailand isolate, while the amino acid sequence variability of Pns8 within five Chinese isolates ranged from 0.5% to 2.1%. These results indicate that the S8 segment of RGDV is highly conserved in different isolates from different locations. The S8 cDNA from the XY isolate was cloned into the plasmid vector pET-28b(+) and a fused expression protein with an apparent molecular mass of 51kDa was specifically detected in an analysis of Escherichia coli Rossetta(DE3)Ⅱcells. To our knowledge, this is the first report on analysis of the RGDV segment 8 sequence and genetic comparison of different RGDV isolates and their protein expression.