The diarrheal rat model was established by orally administering senna. The preventive experiment was concurrent for 6 days. The treatment experiment modeling had lasted for 12 days. The administration started at the 7th day, and lasted for 6 days. During the experiment, efforts were made in symptom score and weighing. After the experiment, hearts, livers, spleens, kidneys, brains, adrenals and thymuses were collected and weighed, lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) and cardiac troponin-I (cTn-I) in serum were detected. The efficacy of aqueousextracts from Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata in preventing and treating rats with diarrheal and its accompanying toxicity were respectively studied. The result shows that aqueous extracts from Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata could improve syndromes of rats with diarrheal. The 50% effective doses (ED50) of preventive and treatment administrations were 1.420 4 g · kg(-1) and 1.048 9 g · kg(-1), respectively. Aqueous extracts from Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata could decrease the ratio of heart to body weight, and increase serum LDH and cTn-I. It was concluded that aqueous extracts from Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata had a specific preventive and treatment effect on rats with diarrheal caused by senna, but with specific toxicity on heart.
Aconitum ; adverse effects ; chemistry ; Animals ; Body Weight ; drug effects ; Diarrhea ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Heart ; drug effects ; Humans ; Male ; Plant Roots ; adverse effects ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Spleen ; drug effects

Computed tomography perfusion imaging can accurately and promptly provide hemodynamic parameters of brain tissues after stroke,and it has a good correlation with the accepted hemodynamic measurement,the parameters got from xenon-computed tomography, functional magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography.Therefore,CTP has been widely used in predicting the studies of ischemic penumbra after stroke.

The prognosis and outcome in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage are closely correlated with perihernatoma tissue injury and recovery.The pathophysiological mechanisms after intracerebral hemorrhage are extremely complicated.There are regional blood flow changes in perihematoma tissues,but whether there is a similar“penumbra”as in cerebral ischemia remains uncertain.At present,studies in this field have mainly focused on the imaging detection of regional cerebral blood flow and metabolism.The study methods frequently used include single photon emission computed tomography,functional magnetic resonance imaging,magnetic resonance spectroscopy,positron emission tomography and CT perfusion imaging,etc.The application of these imaging techniques have provided some valuable methods for identifying whether perihematoma penumbra is present or not,but further studies are needed to confirm it.

Accidents, Occupational ; Adolescent ; Carbon Monoxide Poisoning ; Humans ; Male ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of single administration of aqueous extracts from aconite on "dose-toxicity" relationship and "time-toxicity" relationship of mice hearts, through changes in electrocardiogram (ECG) and serum biochemical indexes.

METHODMice were grouped according to different drug doses and time points, and orally administered with water extracts from aconite for once to observe the changes of mice ECG before and after the administration, calculate visceral indexes heart, liver and kidney, and detect levels of CK, LDH, BNP and CTn-I in serum.

RESULTAccording to the "time-toxicity" relationship study, at 5 min after oral administration with aqueous extracts from aconite in mice, the heart rate of mice began rising, reached peak at 60 min and then slowly reduced; QRS, R amplitude, T duration and amplitude and QT interval declined at 5 min, reduced to the bottom at 60 min and then gradually elevated. The levels of CK, LDH, BNP and CTn-I in serum elevated at 5 min and reached the peak at 60 min, with no significant change in ratios of organs to body at different time points. On the basis of the "dose-toxicity" relationship, with the increase in single dose of aqueous extracts from aconite, the heart rate of mice. QRS, T duration and amplitude and QT interval declined gradually, and levels of CK, LDH, BNP and CTn-I in serum slowly elevated, with a certain dose dependence and no significant change in ratios of organs to body in mice.

CONCLUSIONSingle oral administration of different doses of aqueous extracts from aconite could cause different degrees of heart injury at different time points, with a certain dose dependence. Its peak time of toxicity is at 60 min after the administration of aqueous extracts from aconite.

Aconitum ; adverse effects ; chemistry ; Animals ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; toxicity ; Female ; Heart ; drug effects ; physiology ; Heart Rate ; drug effects ; Kidney ; drug effects ; Liver ; drug effects ; Male ; Mice

Cutaneous Fistula ; Digestive System Abnormalities ; therapy ; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of unilateral pedicle screw fixation in treating thoracolumbar fractures through paraspinal approach.

METHODSFrom January 2006 to January 2009,21 patients with single level thoracolumbar fracture without neurological symptoms were treated with unilateral pedicle screw fixation through paraspinal approach. There were 14 males and 7 females,aged from 21 to 65 years old with a mean of 36.4 years. The duration from injury to operation ranged from 6 h to 5 d with an average of 3 d. According to the classification of Denis fracture, compression fractures happedned in 12 cases and burst fractures happened in 9 cases,including 1 case with T5 fracture, 2 cases with T7 fracture, 2 cases with T10 fracture, 3 cases with T11 fracture, 8 cases with T12 fracture, and 5 cases with L1 fracture. Based on the Flankel grade, all patients were classified as grade E. Anterior vertebral body height ratio, sagittal Cobb angle, condition of internal fixation failure, visual analogue score (VAS) were evaluated.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up from 12 to 36 months with an average of 20.5 months. No internal fixation failure was found. Anterior vertebral body height ratios at preoperative 3 days after operation and last follow-up were 54.3 +/- 2.8, 92.9 +/- 1.5, 93.8 +/- 1.7, respectively;sagittal Cobb angle at the three timepoints were (27.8 +/- 2.5) degrees, (5.3 +/- 0.8) degrees, (6.3 +/- 1.4) degrees, respectively; the difference was statistical significant (P < 0.05). VAS was (1.2 +/- 0.4) points at last follow-up and had obviously improved (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONTreatment of thoracolumbar fractures with unilateral pedicle screw fixation through paraspinal approach is safe with the advantages of micro-trauma and less blood loss,which can not only completely retain the posterior spinal complex structure, reinforce the spinal stability, raise the reductional quality, but also improve the strength of fixation and the distribution of stress force.

Adult ; Bone Screws ; Feasibility Studies ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; instrumentation ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Spinal Fractures ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Thoracic Vertebrae ; diagnostic imaging ; injuries ; surgery ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVEThe aim of this study is to investigate the occurrence and mechanism of Cheyne-Stokes breathing pattern in patients with heart failure.

METHODSFifty-six patients who performed polusomnography sleep testing at National Center of Cardiovascular Diseases Fuwai Hospital from March to May in 2015. We divided them into chronic heart failure (CHF) group and non-CHF group.

RESULTSThe occurrences of sleep apnea in two groups were high. In CHF group (n = 11) , there were 10 patients with apnea hypopnea index (AHI) > 5; and their AHI was 23.93 ±14.63. In non-CHF group (n = 45), there were 33 patients whose AHI > 5; and their AHI was 16.20 ± 18.76. The ratio of center sleep apnea to all gross sleep apnea ratio in CHF group was higher than that in non-CHF group (80.21% ± 30.55% vs 27.16% ± 35.71%, P < 0.01 ).

CONCLUSIONBased upon the new theory of holistic integrative physiology and medicine, we explain the mechanism of circulatory dysfunction induce the oscillation breathing in patients with CHF. The sleep apnea and C-S respiration in CHF should be called circulatory sleep apnea, rather than central sleep apnea.

Cheyne-Stokes Respiration ; Chronic Disease ; Heart Failure ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Polysomnography ; Sleep Apnea Syndromes ; physiopathology ; Sleep Apnea, Central

Using the chromosomal DNA of an ice nucleation active bacterium Erwinia ananas 110 as template, an ice nucleation active (ina) gene was amplified by PCR with Taq plusI DNA polymerase. After sequencing and compared with reported ina genes, the cloned gene was identified as a new ina gene and was registered in GenBank at the accession number of AF387802. The new ina gene, named as iceA, has 3921 bp for its coding region, which encodes 1306 amino acids consisting of repetitive segment (R-domain, 1104aa), which is flanked by N-and C-terminal sequences, with 161 aa and 41aa, respectively.

Aim To study relative bioavailablity of cefaclor effervescent tablets in healthy volunteers. Methods According to the crossover design, A volunteers were each orally given a single does of the 0.75 g cefaclor effervescent tablets and cefaclor capsules with an interval of 5 days between the two formulations.The plasma concentrations of the drug were determined by RP-HPLC.Pharmacokinetic parameters were obtained by ATPK programe,and calculated on the basis of open single compartment model.Results After a single oral dose, the peak levels in plasma averaged Cmax(31.27?5.81)?g?ml-1 and(30.56?5.25) ?g?ml-1 at (0.58?0.12)h and(0.73?0.17)h and AUC0～4(35.48?4.65) ?g?h?ml-1 and (35.89?2.90) ?g?h?ml-1 for tablet and capsule,respectively. Conclusion The result shows that two formulations are bioequivalence.